• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제48호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2003

Among the types of dysarthria, spastic and flaccid types are the most prominent manifestations. The objectives of the present research are (1) to discover the phonetic contrasts that differentiate spastic dysarthria from flaccid dysarthria, (2) to analyze the degrees of predictability of each phonetic contrast for intelligibility in spastic and flaccid dysarthrias and to compare them. The 'phonemic contrast word intelligibility pairs' for dysarthric speakers were tested and proved to be useful for clinical assessment of and research on dysarthria. In the group of spastic type, it showed that initial fricative vs. affricate and front vs. back vowel contrasts are transmitted relatively less effectively than flaccid type. In the group of flaccid type, initial glottal vs null contrast is transmitted less effectively than spastic type. The overall intelligibility of spastic dysarthria was predicted by multiple regression analysis with 88% accuracy by three phonetic contrasts(initial fricative vs. affricate; front vs. back vowels; initial consonant correlates). And the intelligibility of flaccid dysarthria was predicted by two phonetic contrasts(initial nasal vs. stop, front vs. back vowels) with 60% accuracy.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2930-2936
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• 2014

본 연구는 이완형 마비말장애군 15명과 정상군 15명을 대상으로 표준화된 문단 읽기 과제인 "가을" (김향희, 1996) 검사를 통해 말속도와 쉼 특성을 측정하여 집단 간 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 이완형 마비말장애군의 전체 속도 및 조음속도는 정상군보다 유의미하게 느렸으며, 전체 쉼 시간 및 문장 내 쉼 시간 또한 정상군보다 유의미하게 길었고, 전체 쉼빈도 및 문장 내 쉼 빈도 역시 정상군보다 유의미하게 높았다(p<0.05). 그러나 문장 간 쉼 구간과 쉼 빈도는 두 집단 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이러한 결과는 이완형 마비말장애인의 말속도 지표를 제공하고, 말속도를 정상 범주로 조절하기 위해서는 조음 속도를 증가시킬 뿐만 아니라, 문장 내 쉼 구간 및 쉼 빈도를 감소시키는 중재가 함께 이루어져야 한다는 것을 시사한다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association among articulation rate, speech intelligibility and working memory in children with dysarthria. Two subject groups of 11 spastic and 11 flaccid dysarthria, respectively, aged between 8 and 17 years of age participated in this study. All participants were administered the following tests: K-WISC III PIQ test, speech intelligibility, working memory and articulation rate. Group differences were compared by an independent t-test. Pearson correlation were computed between all measures. The results of this study are as follows: First, articulation rate and intelligibility were significantly lower for the spastic dysarthria than for the flaccid dysarthria. Second, there was a significant correlation between articulation rate and intelligibility in children with flaccid dysarthria. Lastly, there was no significant correlation between articulation rate and working memory in both groups. The results suggest that articulation rate is not necessarily accompanied by working memory capacity in children with dysarthria, and there are differences in the effect of articulation rate on intelligibility depending on the type of dysarthria.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

This study aimed at investigating the effects of CPAP therapy on hypernasality in flaccid dysarthria. The subject was a flaccid dysarthric patient with hypernasality. An A-B-A experimental research design was used. The therapy program was conducted 16 sessions. During CPAP therapy, the subjects was required to repeat single-word utterances in the form VNCV. The results showed some improvement in decreasing hypernasality.

• 음성과학
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• 제3권
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• pp.38-49
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• 1998

Dysarthrias are a sort of neuromotor disorders because of the weakness of neuromotor controls. They are classified in six types on the basis of Mayo clinic research: flaccid, spastic, ataxic, hypokinetic, hypekinetic and mixed types. Five dysarthria types are investigated in this study. MRI, EMG, neuropathological tests are essential diagnostic processing. Visi-Pitch and Spectrgraphy, CSL are used for assessing dysarthria speech. Maximum phonation time, diadochokinetic rate, Voice Onset Time and substitution rate are the speech evaluation parameters. Maximum phonation time and diadochokinetic rates are the lowest in case of spastic and ataxic dysarthrias. Spastic dysarthria shows the substituted glottalized consonants. However, flaccid, ataxic and hypokinetic dysarthrias show the substituted aspirated consonants. VOT is the longest for hypokinetic dysarthria and the shortest for ataxic dysarthria. Jitter shows higher percentage in comparison with control group. Speech evaluation using experimental phonetic instruments help create on international standardization of speech evaluation for speech disorders.

• 음성과학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.141-156
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• 1998

In the previous studies, some characteristics of flaccid dysarthria patients have been studied mainly in two aspects: their difficulties in articulation and their metrical dysfunction. Therapeutic research on the articulation impediment of the patients have been carried out extensively (Yorkston, 1981). However, their phonetic characteristics have been less well-studied. The aim of this paper is to measure and describe some phonetic differences between the normal speaker group (six speakers) and the flaccid dysarthria patient group (six speakers in three different degreed of severity). Two types of short sentences comprising of subject-object-verb, i.e. declarative and yes-no question sentences, were recorded to investigate some phonetic characteristics of these two groups of speakers. The two groups (normal group vs. patient group) show differences in yes-no question boundary tone (H% vs. HL%), pitch range (wide vs. narrow), duration (short vs. long) and intensity (strong vs. weak) of sentence final verb endings in Korean.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2008

This study was to investigate diadochokinetic (DDK) rate, regularity and mean flow rate of articulation valves in dysarthria. DDK rate, mean airflow rate (MFR) and regularity of DDK syllable repetitions of vocal function /ihi/, tongue function /ta/, velopharyngeal function /bm/, and labial function /pa/ in 24 normal and dysarthric speakers were measured. Aerophone Ⅱ and Motor Speech Profile were used for data recording and analysis. The results of the findings were as follows: First, there were significant differences between the dysarthria and the normal group in DDK rate. DDK rates in ataxic dysarthria were the lowest and spastic, flaccid, and hypokinetic dysarthria followed in sequence. Second, there was a significant difference between the dysarthria and the normal group in DDK regularity. Third, there was a significant difference between dysarthria groups and normal group in DDK MFR. Finally, there was a significant difference between the 4 groups of dysarthria and the normal group in DDK air flow tracking. The results of this study can be guidelines for normal DDK rate, regularity and flow rate in dysarthria groups. In addition, their differential diagnoses and descriptions are important to make a decision on medical and behavioral management of the individuals with disorders according to DDK characteristics.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제24권1E호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2005

This study was designed to suggest an assessment tool for analyzing the characteristics of Korean phonetic contrast intelligibility among dysarthric individuals. The intelligibility deficit factors of phonetic contrast in Korean dysarthric patients were analyzed through stepwise regression analysis. The 19 acoustic-phonetic contrasts proposed by Kent et al. (1999) have been claimed to be useful for clinical assessment and research on dysarthria. However, the test cannot be directly applied to Korean patients due to linguistic differences between English and Korean. Thus, it is necessary to devise a Korean word intelligibility test that reflects the distinct characteristics of the Korean language. To identify the speech error characteristics of a Korean dysarthric group, a Korean word list was audio-recorded by 3 spastic, 4 flaccid, and 5 mixed type of dysarthric patients. The word list consisted of monosyllabic consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) real word pairs. Stimulus words included 41 phonemic contrast pairs and six triplets. The results showed that the percentage of errors in final position contrast was higher than in any other position. Unlike the results of previous studies, the initial-position contrasts were crucial in predicting the overall intelligibility among Korean patients.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1998년도 제15회 음성통신 및 신호처리 워크샵(KSCSP 98 15권1호)
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• pp.201-208
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• 1998

구음마비환자의 특징적 문제로는 조음 명료성의 저하오 kdns율의 장애등이 논의되어왔다. 지금까지 조음 명료성을 진단하고 치료하기 위한 연구는 활발히 진행되어 왔으나 운율 장애를 측정, 치료하기 위한 연구는 극히 소수이며 특히, 우리나라의 경우는 전무한 상태이다. 이에 본 연구자는 정상군과 이완성 구음마비환자군의 운율적 차이를 음폭, 음도차, 지속시간, 강도의 측면에서 기술하여 진단과 치료를 위한 기초 자료를 제시하고자 한다. 실험 대상은 이완성 구음마비환자군 6명과 정상군 6명이다. 정상군은 환자군과 성별, 나이, 학력, 방언을 맞추어 선정한다. 본 연구는 억양 대비가 분명히 나타나는 의문형 어미와 서술형 어미를 선택한다. 예문은 억양 곡선을 잘 나타내기 위해 유성 자음과 모음으로 구성된 것으로 한다. 종결형 어미가 분석 목표이나 예문의 길이가 너무 짧은 경우 경도환자의 특징이 잘 나타나지 않을 수 있으므로, 주어+목적어+서술어로 구성된 3어절로 구성된 예문을 사용한다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2019

With the development of medical technology, interest in rehabilitation devices is increasing and various devices are being studied. In particular, devices for speech disorders such as hearing impairment and cleft palate are attracting attention. In general, the nasometer is used for patients with flaccid dysarthria and velopharyngeal incompetence(VPI). However, in the case of the conventional separator type nasometer, that has an acoustic feedback problem between the oral and nasal sounds. In recent, the mask type nasometer has been developed which is insensitive to acoustic feedback. But, still not popularized. In this paper, the nasometer characteristics of the conventional separation type and mask type are analyzed. Also, We were obtained clinical acoustic data from the 6 subjects and examined the significant differences in the structure of the separation type and mask type nasometer. Through experiments, it was confirmed that the measurement was about 3~15% higher in the mask type nasometer than the conventional nasometer having a separator type. Also, We was considered the necessity of nasometer signal processing for acoustic feedback reduction and nasalance calculation optimization.