• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.989-998
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• 1993

랜덤다원접속 방식인 알로아는 간헐적인 패켓 전송 환경에서 기존의 고정할당 기법보다는 높은 효율을 얻을 수 있다. 그러나 슬롯형 알로아에서는 패켓이 채널에 슬롯별로 할당되기 때된에 슬롯과의 동기화가 중요한 문제가 된다. 위성 통신에서 동기화가 이루어지지 못한 패켓은 인접슬롯의 패켓과 충돌하므로 이러한 문제점을 해결하기위해 슬롯 사이에 보호시간이 포함된다. 기존의 알로아 채널에서는 두개 또는 =1이상의 패켓이 한 슬롯에 동시에 도착될 때 충돌이 발생되고 충돌된 패켓은 모두 재전송 알고리듬에 따라 다시 전송된다. 그러나 무선 환경에서 사용자들은 각각 다른 거리에서 채널을 공유하기 때문에 신호 전력은 달라진다. 실제적으로 신호점유 현상이 존재해서 동시에 수신된 패켓들 중에서 전력이 가장 큰 패켓이 선택되어 모든 패켓이 재전송 될 필요가 없다. 한편 대역확산 다원접속 방식에서는 가장 빨리 도착한 패켓이 선택된다. 본 논문에서는 보호시간과 신호점유 현상을 동시에 고려하여 백로그 상태변화를 추적하는 마르코프 모델로부터 수식적으로 정확한 슬롯형 알로아의 전송효율을 유도한다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.66-77
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 TMS320C80 멀티미디어 MVP(multimedia video processor)를 이용한 항법 변수 추출의 구현 기법에 관하여 연구하였다. 특히, 항법 변수 추출 시스템의 실시간 구현에 중요한 역할을 하는 상대 위치 추정 알고리듬의 실시간 구현 방법에 관하여 고찰한다. 두 지점에서 취득된 영상을 이용하는 상대위치 추정 알고리듬을 근간으로 하여, 방대한 양의 계산량을 감축하면서 고정 소수점 프로세서에 적합한 고속 알고리듬을 개발한다. 그런 다음, MVP 내의 4개의 병렬 프로세서(PP; parallel processor)를 이용하여 병렬 처리할 수 있도록 알고리듬을 재구성한다. 그 결과, MVP를 이용한 항법 변수 추출 시스템은 초당 30프레임을 처리할 수 있음을 확인하여, 실시간 구현 조건을 만족시킴을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2017

This research is about the characteristics of the saccades that occurring in the process of observing the spatial. The size of the saccades is the visual activity for acquiring the information, and the search trace that left by the spatial visitor. Reviewed over the saccade through the analysis of observation process that appeared in the eye-tracking experiment of sports store from the department store, the saccade is defined as the sight movement in the process of finding a component to view in the spatial. If some spatial component induces saccade, and able to know which specific component acquired through the saccade, then the designer will have a clue which able to provide the spatial desired by the consumer. The results of analyzing the process in the deriving the spatial component and saccade characteristic from industrial space, can be summarised as follows. The first, the average fixed number of [IN].[OUT] zone appeared similarly, and it leads to knowing that the time used for attention with one frequency is about 0.3 seconds. Second, there were more saccades toward [$IN{\rightarrow}OUT$] (13 persons, 76.5%) than [$OUT{\rightarrow}IN$] (4 persons, 23.5%). The Los Angeles area has lots of interesting things to watch, so it able to thinks to begins with small saccade and then occur to bigger saccade activity to find new interests shortly after [OUT] saccade. Third, according to time range changes, keep eyes on the characteristics of saccade, [IN].[OUT] frequency has slightly decreased the changes of viewing time, but there was no significant change in an average number of observations. This means that the frequency and the number of observations are decreased together. Therefore, it can be seen that the amount of information to be acquired (frequency) is decreased (count) as the observation time elapses.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.729-742
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• 2012

Recently, to using chemical coagulation process for T-P removal in STP effluent as tertiary treatment process is generalized in the country. The importance of analysis technique to save the treatment & maintenance cost during coagulation process is becoming more increased each day. Thus, it is necessary for the analysis technique during coagulation process to be presented well the characteristic of coagulation in field apply. There are a few analysis techniques such as Jar Test, zeta potential analysis and streaming current detecting techniques. But there are difficult to apply in field immediately due to long test time and difficult analysis techniques. And using PDA technique, it is reviewed applicability of the techniques as field index on pilot plant of P-CAP system The P-CAP system is composed of an in-line static mixer, a Flocculation Tank and the CAP reactor with 2 stage weir for effluent. Pre-test is performed to fix the mixing velocity in the Flocculation Tank using the PDA equipment and it fixed with 30RPM. Also, Jar Test is performed to select optimum dose of each coagulant for each T-P concentration level of influent. Result of continuous test on pilot plant of P-CAP system, the FSI in the Flocculation Tank is increased consistently by increasing each dosing concentration of coagulant such as LAS and PAC in the low level influent T-P concentration comparatively. It is considered that formed Al-hydroxide complexes for dosed coagulant are caused FSI variation. Furthermore, it seems that FSI value in the high level influent T-P concentration appeared lower than the opposite influent condition relatively because it is formed simultaneously Al-hydroxide complexes as solid type and Al-phosphorus complexes as soluble type. Thus, relation of FSI by PDA technique and T-P removal of final effluent on pilot plant of P-CAP system are very limited for the kind of coagulant and the characteristics of influent. And it though that FSI value by PDA technique with analyzing of turbidity in Flocculation Tank will be used restrictedly on field as the relative field-index.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.70-77
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• 1999

목질폐잔재중 용이하게 입수할 수 있는 간벌재를 이용하여 그 기초적 제탄 기술을 검토하고, 이 탄화물을 이용하여 토양개량, 탈취, 수분 등의 흡착, 미생물활동 담체, 하천등 수질정화제 등으로 이용하는데 기초자료를 얻을 목적으로 탄화물의 성능을 조사하였다. 간벌재의 공업분석결과 회분 0.22~0.73%, 휘발분 77~80%, 고정탄소 약 10~14% 범위로 나타났다. 간벌재의 탄화 수율은 온도가 높아질수록, 탄화시간이 길수록 낮게 나타났고 수축률은 높게 나타났다. 수율은 낙엽송, 리기다소나무, 소나무가 높았고, 잣나무, 굴참나무가 낮았다. 탄화에 의한 수축률은 목재의 수분에 의한 수축률과 같은 경향을 나타냈다. 탄화후 비중은 각 수종에서 약 50% 감소했다. 탄화물의 공업분석은 회분 0.89~4.08%, 휘발분 6.31~13.79%, 고정탄소 73.9~83.5% 였다. 수소이온농도는 온도가 높아질수록, 탄화시간이 길수록 높게 나타났다. 탄화온도 $400^{\circ}C$의 경우 약 pH 7.5를 나타냈고, $600^{\circ}C$와 $800^{\circ}C$의 경우는 차이가 거의 없이 약 pH 10정도를 나타냈다. 보수성은 본 실험의 탄화온도와 시간의 조건에 따른 영향 없이 비슷한 값을 나타냈다. 초기 24시간 내의 보수성은 시료무게의 약 2.5~3배 정도이고, 그후 평형함수율은 2~10%의 범위를 나타냈다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2008

The paper presents a study on the effects of soil-structure-interaction (SSI) on the performance of the compliant liquid column damper (CLCD) for the seismic vibration control of short period structures. The frequency-domain formulation for the input-output relation of a flexible-base structure with CLCD has been derived. The superstructure has been modeled as a linear, single degreeof-freedom (SDOF) system. The foundation has been considered to be attached to the underlying soil medium through linear springs and viscous dashpots, the properties of which have been represented by complex valued impedance functions. By using a standard equivalent linearization technique, the nonlinear orifice damping of the CLCD has been replaced by equivalent linear viscous damping. A numerical stochastic study has been carried out to study the functioning of the CLCD for varying degrees of SSI. Comparison of the damper performance when it is tuned to the fixed-base structural frequency and when tuned to the flexible-base structural frequency has been made. The effects of SSI on the optimal value of the orifice damping coefficient of the damper has also been studied. A more convenient approach for designing the damper while considering SSI, by using an established model of a replacement oscillator for the structure-soil system has also been presented. Finally, a simulation study, using a recorded accelerogram, has been carried out on the CLCD performance for the flexible-base structure.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this work is to evaluate a surgical technique for mobilization of mal posed dental implant in anterior area. Methods: A 38-year-old patient consulted our unit for esthetic dissatisfaction with the implant treatment of a central incisor. An implant was observed in 11 and 21, where 11 was 3 mm above the ideal limit, with excessive vestibular angulation. The choice was made to perform a segmental osteotomy and mobilize the bone block and the implant down and forward; a bone block extracted from the mandibular ramus was installed between the implant block and the bed to stabilize the segment. Results: After 4 months, a conventional fixed prosthesis was created and the esthetic result achieved was close to what the patient wanted, with no need for further surgery. The surgical condition was stabilized and maintained for the long-time and no complications how necrosis, infection or bone defects was present. Conclusions: It was concluded that the procedure is efficient, and the biological arguments in favor of the procedure are discussed.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.708-713
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• 2005

An alumina membrane with nano-sized pore array by anodic oxidation using the thin film aluminum deposited on silicon wafer was fabricated. It Is important that the sample prepared by metal deposition method has a flat aluminum surface and a good adhesion between the silicon wafer and the thin film aluminum. The oxidation time was controlled by observation of current variation. While the oxalic acid with 0.2 M was used for low voltage anodization under 100 V, the chromic acid with 0.1 M was used for high voltage anodization over 100 V. The nano-sized pores with diameter of $60\~120$ nm was obtained by low voltage anodization of $40\~80$ V and those of $200\~300$ nm was obtained by high voltage anodization of $140\~200$ V. The pore widening process was employed for obtaining the one-channel with flat surface because the pores of the alumina membrane prepared by the fixed voltage method shows the structure of two-channel with rough surface. Finally, the sample was immersed to the phosphoric acid with 0.1 M concentration to etching the barrier layer.

• 복식
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• 제50권
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• pp.69-84
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• 2000

Th purpose of this study is three folds: to analyze postmodern fashion through the notion of pastiche to enhance an understanding of uncertain and confused situation in the late 1990s and to suggest a way of approach to creativity and originality in recent fashion design. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. Pastiche is an art work that borrows some parts of other artists authentic works and recombines them thus imitating their style technique or motifs selfconciously. 2. Pastiche is based onthe Deconstruction theory: the end of art as a result of deconstruction of the subject the collapse of the meaning the loss of history: the late Capitalism in which reality becomes chage into images or simulacre. 3. Pastiche represented by the death of author which means the exhaustion of creativity is shown in the fashion borrowing subculture styles and art works or religious images. Pastiche fashion which is equal to the play of signifiers floated as image is shown as graffiti and objects Time and space pastiche fashion can be explained by historical eclectism and ethnic looks, Finally pastiche means not the fixed aspect but the open concept of indeterminate condition which includes " anything goes" through the coesistence of various style in pastiche fashion.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.284-292
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• 2008

The active control technique mostly uses the least-mean-square(LMS) algorithm, because the LMS algorithm can easily obtain the complex transfer function in real-time, particularly when the Filtered-X LMS(FXLMS) algorithm is applied to an active noise control(ANC) system. However, FXLMS algorithm has the demerit that stability of the control is decreased when the step size become larger but the convergence speed is faster because the step size of FXLMS algorithm is fixed. As a result, the system has higher probability which the divergence occurs. Thus the Co-FXLMS algorithm was developed to solve this problem. The Co-FXLMS algorithm is realized by using an estimate of the cross correlation between the adaptation error and the filtered input signal to control the step size. In this paper, the performance of the Co-FXLMS algorithm is presented in comparison with the FXLMS algorithm. Simulation and experimental results show that active noise control using Co-FXLMS is effective in reducing the noise in duct system.