• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.2E
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• pp.39-43
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• 2007

Music summarization refers to a technique which automatically extracts the most important and representative segments in music content. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a technique which provides the repeated part in music content as music summary. For extracting a repeated segment in music content, the proposed algorithm uses the weighted sum of similarity measures based on multi-level vector quantization for fixed-length summary or optimal-length summary. For similarity measures, count-based similarity measure and distance-based similarity measure are proposed. The number of the same codeword and the Mahalanobis distance of features which have same codeword at the same position in segments are used for count-based and distance-based similarity measure, respectively. Fixed-length music summary is evaluated by measuring the overlapping ratio between hand-made repeated parts and automatically generated ones. Optimal-length music summary is evaluated by calculating how much automatically generated music summary includes repeated parts of the music content. From experiments we observed that optimal-length summary could capture the repeated parts in music content more effectively in terms of summary length than fixed-length summary.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.202-205
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• 2012

기존의 고정 길이 분할 (FLC: Fixed Length Chunking) 중복 제거 기법은 파일이 조금이라도 수정이 되면 수정된 블록에 대한 해시 정보가 달라져 중복 데이터 임에도 불구하고 중복 블록으로 검색이 되지 않는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 FLC 기반의 중복 제거 기법에 데이터 위치(offset) 정보를 활용하여 중복 블록을 효율적으로 찾아냄으로써 기존의 FLC 기반의 중복 제거 기법보다 더 좋은 성능을 발휘하는 유사도 정보를 활용하는 중복 제거 기법(FS_FLC: File Similarity based Fixed Length Chunking)을 설계하고 구현했다. 실험 결과 제안한 알고리즘은 낮은 오버헤드로 가변 분할 기법(VLC: Variable Length Chunking)만큼의 높은 중복 데이터 탐색 성능을 보여주었다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.5-19
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• 2018

The characteristics of the skin shear stress distribution for the fixed length of the ground anchor are extremely nonlinear and the engineering mechanisms are complex relatively. So it is difficult to design the anchors simulating the actual behavior by considering various soil conditions and nonlinear behavior. Due to these limits, constant skin shear stress distributions for the whole fixed length of the ground anchor are usually assumed in the design for the sake of convenience. In this study, to assess the pull-out behavior of the tension-type ground anchors, the in-situ pull-out tests in weathered-soil conditions were carried out. Based on the test results, the skin shear behaviors for the fixed length of tension-type ground anchors were established and the multi-linear slip shear model predicting this behavior and an analytical technique applying this model were proposed. From the similarity between the results of the in-situ pull-out tests and those of the analytical technique, the applicability and availability of the multi-linear slip shear model and the proposed analytical technique were verified. The maximum shear stress was developed at the start point of the fixed length acting with the smaller load than the maximum pull-out load but the minimum shear stress was developed at the start point of the fixed length and the maximum shear stress was developed at the point apart from the start point of the fixed length after the maximum pull-out load.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1915-1933
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• 2013

In this study, the virtual fixed point analysis and 3D fully modeling analysis for bent pile structures are conducted by considering various influencing factors and the applicability of the virtual fixed point theory is discussed. Also, the optimized column-pile length ratio is analyzed for supplementing virtual fixed point design and examining a more exact behavior of bent pile structures by taking into account the major influencing parameters such as pile length, column and pile diameter, reinforcement ratio and soil conditions. To obtain the detailed information, the settlement and lateral deflection of the virtual fixed point theory are smaller than those of 3D fully modeling analysis. On the other hand, the virtual fixed point analysis overestimates the axial force and bending moment compared with 3D fully modeling analysis. It is shown that the virtual fixed point analysis cannot adequately predict the real behavior of bent pile structures. Therefore, it is necessary that 3D fully modeling analysis is considered for the exact design of bent pile structures. In this study, the emphasis is on quantifying an improved design method (optimized column-pile length ratio) of bent pile structures developed by considering the relation between the column-pile length ratio and allowable lateral deflection criteria. It can be effectively used to perform a more economical and improved design of bent pile structures.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.676-682
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• 2018

As the IoT world including WSNs develops, the number of sensor systems that sense information according to the environment based on the principle of IoT is increasing. In order to perform security for each sensor system in such a complicated environment, the security modules must be varied. These problems make hardware/software implementation difficult when considering the system efficiency and hacking/cracking. Therefore, to solve this problem, this paper proposes a pseudorandom number generator (FLT: Pseudo-random Number Generator with Fixed Length Tap unrelated to the variable sensing nodes) with a fixed-length tap that generates a pseudorandom number with a constant period, irrespective of the number of sensing nodes, and has the purpose of detecting anomalies. The proposed FLT-LFSR architecture allows the security level and overall data formatting to be kept constant for hardware/software implementations in an IoT environment. Therefore, the proposed FLT-LFSR architecture emphasizes the scalability of the network, regardless of the ease of implementation of the sensor system and the number of sensing nodes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1334-1342
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• 1997

The future data communications are expected to support the various andcomplex services withmultimedia. So thispaper has focused on the multimedia synchronization problem which has important position in multimedia presentation. Firstly, this paper consider the suitable layer for multimedia synchronization in the communication structure as transport layer or upper ones, in which we propose synchronization mechanism using fixed length buffer with bufer-lever or upper ones, in which we propose synchronization mechanism using fixed length bufer with buffer-level. The proposed mechansim also supports intra-and inter-media synchronization among media. Through simulation, we prove our analysis of the fixed-length buffersize that theproposed mechanism can provide. Also we show comparisons between our mechanism and other scheme.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.28 no.B
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• pp.3-7
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• 2008

A cylindrical pin fin with variable fin base thickness is optimized based on fixed outer radius by using the one dimensional analytic method. Heat loss from the pin fin with fixed outer radius is presented as a function of the fin length. The ratio of in length for optimum heat loss to that for the maximum heat loss is listed. The maximum heat loss and effectiveness and the fin length for the optimum heat loss are presented as a function of fin base thickness and outer radius. One of the results presents the maximum effectiveness decreases rapidly first and then decreases slowly as the fin outer radius increases.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.29 no.B
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• pp.3-7
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• 2009

A cylindrical pin fin with inside fluid is optimized based on fixed fin volume by using the one dimensional analytic method. Heat loss from the fin and the pin fin radius for fixed fin volume is presented as a function of the fin length. Temperature variation of the fin with the variation of ambient and inside fluid convection characteristic numbers and fin base thickness is listed. The maximum heat loss at the practical fin length and corresponding optimum fin length and radius are presented as a function of fin base thickness, inside convection characteristic number, fin volume and ambient convection characteristic number. One of the results shows that the optimum pin fin shape becomes relatively fatter as the fin volume increases.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.849-866
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• 2012

Single span historic bridges often contain non-prismatic members identified with a varying depth along their span lengths. Commonly, the symmetric parabolic height variations having the constant haunch length ratio of 0.5 have been selected to lower the stresses at the high bending moment points and to maintain the deflections within the acceptable limits. Due to their non-prismatic geometrical configuration, their assessment, particularly the computation of fixed-end horizontal forces (FEFs) and fixed-end moments (FEMs) becomes a complex problem. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the behavior of non-prismatic beams with symmetrical parabolic haunches (NBSPH) having the constant haunch length ratio of 0.5 using finite element analyses (FEA). FEFs and FEMs due to vertical loadings as well as the stiffness coefficients and the carry-over factors were computed through a comprehensive parametric study using FEA. It was demonstrated that the conventional methods using frame elements can lead to significant errors, and the deviations can reach to unacceptable levels for these types of structures. Despite the robustness of FEA, the generation of FEFs and FEMs using the nodal outputs of the detailed finite element mesh still remains an intricate task. Therefore, this study advances to propose effective formulas and dimensionless estimation coefficients to predict the FEFs, FEMs, stiffness coefficients and carry-over factors with reasonable accuracy for the analysis and re-evaluation of the NBSPH. Using the proposed approach, the fixed-end reactions due to vertical loads, and also the stiffness coefficients and the carry-over factors of the NBSPH can be determined without necessitating the detailed FEA.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1117-1119
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• 2015

In this letter, we propose a mathematical model of variable-length payloads transmitted in EDCA and transmitted using MU-MIMO. Assuming fixed-length or the use of mean value of payload length leads to discordant results while calculating the total payload length of variable-length frames transmitted within a fixed duration. Using the proposed model results in accurate results (less than 3% relative errors) for total payload length under variable-length traffic.