• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.905-910
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• 2012

This paper reports an investigation of pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques for twophase brushless DC (BLDC) motors fed by a two-phase eight-switch inverter in a fan application. The three-phase BLDC motor is widely applied in industry; however, a lower-cost two-phase BLDC motor and drive circuit has been greatly in demand in recent years. In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model of the two-phase BLDC motor with sinusoidal back electromotive forces (EMFs) based on traditional three-phase BLDC motors. To simplify the drive algorithm and speed up its application, we analyze the principle of block commutation for a two-phase BLDC motor drive in the 180-electricaldegree conduction mode, and we further propose five PWM schemes to improve the commutation performance of the two-phase BLDC drive. The effectiveness of the proposed PWM methods is verified through experiments.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2014

This research designed and implemented a supply chain risk management platform and applied it to a case study of reduced-fat Lanna pork sausage as a new product development project. The proposed framework has three stages: risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation. Seventeen risk agents with 17 risk events were identified based on SWOT analysis and the Porter Five Forces concept through the process of planning, sourcing, making and delivering, partially captured from the supply chain operations reference model in the first stage. In the second stage, an house of risk (HOR) framework was applied to present the impacts of each risk agent. In the third stage, eight risk agents with high impact were selected to design 21 preventive actions. Finally, three preventive actions with the highest effectiveness to difficulty ratio scores-'sales evaluation of familiar products', 'increasing distribution channels and promotions to improve sales', and 'work flow improvement for work safety'-were then recommended for this new product development.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

PURPOSE. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of five different metal framework designs on the fracture resistance of the metal-ceramic restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. For the purpose of this study, the central incisor tooth was prepared, and the metal analogue of it and a master die were fabricated. The counter die with the 0.5 mm clearance was used for fabricating the wax patterns for the metal copings. The metal copings with five different metal framework designs were designed from Group 1 to 5. Group 1 with the metal collar, Group 2, 3, 4 and 5 with 0 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm and 1.5 mm cervical metal reduction respectively were fabricated. Total of fifty metal ceramic crown samples were fabricated. The fracture resistance was evaluated with the Universal Testing Machine (Instron model No 1011, UK). The basic data was subjected to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Student's t-test. RESULTS. Results revealed that the fracture resistance ranged from 651.2 to 993.6 N/$m^2$. Group 1 showed the maximum and Group 5 showed the least value. CONCLUSION. The maximum load required to fracture the test specimens even in the groups without the metal collar was found to be exceeding the occlusal forces. Therefore, the metal frameworks with 0.5 mm and 1 mm short of the finish line are recommended for anterior metal ceramic restoration having adequate fracture resistance.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.30-45
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• 2013

The present work focuses on the unsteady aerodynamics and aeroelastic properties of a small-medium sized wind-turbine blade operating under ideal conditions. A tapered/twisted blade representative of commercial blades used in an experiment setup at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory is considered. The aerodynamic loads are computed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques. For this purpose, FLUENT$^{(R)}$, a commercial finite-volume code that solves the Navier-Stokes and the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, is used. Turbulence effects in the 2D simulations are modeled using the Wilcox k-w model for validation of the CFD approach. For the 3D aerodynamic simulations, in a first approximation, and considering that the intent is to present a methodology and workflow philosophy more than highly accurate turbulent simulations, the unsteady laminar Navier-Stokes equations were used to determine the unsteady loads acting on the blades. Five different blade pitch angles were considered and their aerodynamic performance compared. The structural dynamics of the flexible wind-turbine blade undergoing significant elastic displacements has been described by a nonlinear flap-lag-torsion slender-beam differential model. The aerodynamic quasi-steady forcing terms needed for the aeroelastic governing equations have been predicted through a strip-theory based on a simple 2D model, and the pertinent aerodynamic coefficients and the distribution over the blade span of the induced velocity derived using CFD. The resulting unsteady hub loads are achieved by a first space integration of the aeroelastic equations by applying the Galerkin's approach and by a time integration using a harmonic balance scheme. Comparison among two- and three- dimensional computations for the unsteady aerodynamic load, the flap, lag and torsional deflections, forces and moments are presented in the paper. Results, discussions and pertinent conclusions are outlined.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.33-62
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• 2009

Internet computing is a disruptive IT innovation. Semantic Web can be considered as an IT innovation because the Semantic Web technology possesses the potential to reduce information overload and enable semantic integration, using capabilities such as semantics and machine-processability. How should organizations adopt the Semantic Web? What factors affect the adoption and diffusion of Semantic Web innovation? Most studies on adoption and diffusion of innovation use empirical analysis as a quantitative research methodology in the post-implementation stage. There is criticism that the positivist requiring theoretical rigor can sacrifice relevance to practice. Rapid advances in technology require studies relevant to practice. In particular, it is realistically impossible to conduct quantitative approach for factors affecting adoption of the Semantic Web because the Semantic Web is in its infancy. However, in an early stage of introduction of the Semantic Web, it is necessary to give a model and some guidelines and for adoption and diffusion of the technology innovation to practitioners and researchers. Thus, the purpose of this study is to present a model of adoption and diffusion of the Semantic Web and to offer propositions as guidelines for successful adoption through a qualitative research method including multiple case studies and in-depth interviews. The researcher conducted interviews with 15 people based on face-to face and 2 interviews by telephone and e-mail to collect data to saturate the categories. Nine interviews including 2 telephone interviews were from nine user organizations adopting the technology innovation and the others were from three supply organizations. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The interviews were recorded on digital voice recorder memory and subsequently transcribed verbatim. 196 pages of transcripts were obtained from about 12 hours interviews. Triangulation of evidence was achieved by examining each organization website and various documents, such as brochures and white papers. The researcher read the transcripts several times and underlined core words, phrases, or sentences. Then, data analysis used the procedure of open coding, in which the researcher forms initial categories of information about the phenomenon being studied by segmenting information. QSR NVivo version 8.0 was used to categorize sentences including similar concepts. 47 categories derived from interview data were grouped into 21 categories from which six factors were named. Five factors affecting adoption of the Semantic Web were identified. The first factor is demand pull including requirements for improving search and integration services of the existing systems and for creating new services. Second, environmental conduciveness, reference models, uncertainty, technology maturity, potential business value, government sponsorship programs, promising prospects for technology demand, complexity and trialability affect the adoption of the Semantic Web from the perspective of technology push. Third, absorptive capacity is an important role of the adoption. Fourth, suppler's competence includes communication with and training for users, and absorptive capacity of supply organization. Fifth, over-expectance which results in the gap between user's expectation level and perceived benefits has a negative impact on the adoption of the Semantic Web. Finally, the factor including critical mass of ontology, budget. visible effects is identified as a determinant affecting routinization and infusion. The researcher suggested a model of adoption and diffusion of the Semantic Web, representing relationships between six factors and adoption/diffusion as dependent variables. Six propositions are derived from the adoption/diffusion model to offer some guidelines to practitioners and a research model to further studies. Proposition 1 : Demand pull has an influence on the adoption of the Semantic Web. Proposition 1-1 : The stronger the degree of requirements for improving existing services, the more successfully the Semantic Web is adopted. Proposition 1-2 : The stronger the degree of requirements for new services, the more successfully the Semantic Web is adopted. Proposition 2 : Technology push has an influence on the adoption of the Semantic Web. Proposition 2-1 : From the perceptive of user organizations, the technology push forces such as environmental conduciveness, reference models, potential business value, and government sponsorship programs have a positive impact on the adoption of the Semantic Web while uncertainty and lower technology maturity have a negative impact on its adoption. Proposition 2-2 : From the perceptive of suppliers, the technology push forces such as environmental conduciveness, reference models, potential business value, government sponsorship programs, and promising prospects for technology demand have a positive impact on the adoption of the Semantic Web while uncertainty, lower technology maturity, complexity and lower trialability have a negative impact on its adoption. Proposition 3 : The absorptive capacities such as organizational formal support systems, officer's or manager's competency analyzing technology characteristics, their passion or willingness, and top management support are positively associated with successful adoption of the Semantic Web innovation from the perceptive of user organizations. Proposition 4 : Supplier's competence has a positive impact on the absorptive capacities of user organizations and technology push forces. Proposition 5 : The greater the gap of expectation between users and suppliers, the later the Semantic Web is adopted. Proposition 6 : The post-adoption activities such as budget allocation, reaching critical mass, and sharing ontology to offer sustainable services are positively associated with successful routinization and infusion of the Semantic Web innovation from the perceptive of user organizations.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.186-189
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• 2010

Background: Neuropathic pain resulting from diverse causes is a chronic condition for which effective treatment is lacking. The goal of this study was to test whether dexamethasone exerts a preemptive analgesic effect with bupivacaine when injected perineurally in the spared nerve injury model. Methods: Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 (control) was ligated but received no drugs. Group 2 was perineurally infiltrated (tibial and common peroneal nerves) with 0.4% bupivacaine (0.2 ml) and dexamethasone (0.8 mg) 10 minutes before surgery. Group 3 was infiltrated with 0.4% bupivacaine (0.2 ml) and dexamethasone (0.8 mg) after surgery. Group 4 was infiltrated with normal saline (0.2 ml) and dexamethasone (0.8 mg) 10 minutes before surgery. Group 5 was infiltrated with only 0.4% bupivacaine (0.2 ml) before surgery. Rat paw withdrawal thresholds were measured using the von Frey hair test before surgery as a baseline measurement and on postoperative days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21. Results: In the group injected preoperatively with dexamethasone and bupivacaine, mechanical allodynia did not develop and mechanical threshold forces were significantly different compared with other groups, especially between postoperative days 3 and 9 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, preoperative infiltration of both dexamethasone and bupivacaine showed a significantly better analgesic effect than did infiltration of bupivacaine or dexamethasone alone in the spared nerve injury model, especially early on after surgery.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 표면거칠기와 근입비, 직경에 따른 파이프형 앵커의 인발거동을 평가하기 위하여 실내모형실험이 시행되었다. 수직방향의 지반 변형에서 매입된 파이프형 앵커의 설계는 파이프에 부과된 힘의 크기에 의해 지배받는다. 본 논문에서는 모형실험의 분석을 통하여 파이프 직경과 표면 거칠기, 근입비와 지반상태로 야기된 파이프형 앵커의 변위 특성과 극한 저항력을 비교하고 평가하였다. 실험결과는 상대밀도의 증가에 따라 극한 인발력이 20%가량 증가하고 있음을 보여주고 있다. 지반의 상대밀도와 파이프의 지름, 표면거칠기의 변화에 따른 파이프형 앵커의 파괴시 변위는 근입비가 2에서 8로 증가함에 따라 약 5배 정도의 증가 경향을 보였다. 또한 앵커이론에 근거한 이론식들은 인발계수를 과대평가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.534-540
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• 2015

오늘날 기업들이 가장 중요시 여기는 주제 중 하나는 치열한 레드오션(red ocean)이 아닌 경쟁자가 없는 블루오션(blue ocean)을 찾는데 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 블루오션을 이용하여 성공한 인도네시아의 버스회사의 사례(case study)를 통해 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구에서 사례로 제시한 기업의 경우 전략 캔버스, Kano 모델, 4가지 행동 프레임워크를 바탕으로 Kano 블루오션 전략모델 모델을 제시하여 치열한 경쟁이 벌어지는 레드오션에서 경쟁우위를 점하고 이를 통해 블루오션으로 전환하는 유용한 방법론을 알아보고 이를 통해 마케팅 및 경영혁신을 이루고자 하는데 기여하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.476-488
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• 2021

Objective: We aimed to develop a deep neural network for segmenting lung parenchyma with extensive pathological conditions on non-contrast chest computed tomography (CT) images. Materials and Methods: Thin-section non-contrast chest CT images from 203 patients (115 males, 88 females; age range, 31-89 years) between January 2017 and May 2017 were included in the study, of which 150 cases had extensive lung parenchymal disease involving more than 40% of the parenchymal area. Parenchymal diseases included interstitial lung disease (ILD), emphysema, nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease, tuberculous destroyed lung, pneumonia, lung cancer, and other diseases. Five experienced radiologists manually drew the margin of the lungs, slice by slice, on CT images. The dataset used to develop the network consisted of 157 cases for training, 20 cases for development, and 26 cases for internal validation. Two-dimensional (2D) U-Net and three-dimensional (3D) U-Net models were used for the task. The network was trained to segment the lung parenchyma as a whole and segment the right and left lung separately. The University Hospitals of Geneva ILD dataset, which contained high-resolution CT images of ILD, was used for external validation. Results: The Dice similarity coefficients for internal validation were 99.6 ± 0.3% (2D U-Net whole lung model), 99.5 ± 0.3% (2D U-Net separate lung model), 99.4 ± 0.5% (3D U-Net whole lung model), and 99.4 ± 0.5% (3D U-Net separate lung model). The Dice similarity coefficients for the external validation dataset were 98.4 ± 1.0% (2D U-Net whole lung model) and 98.4 ± 1.0% (2D U-Net separate lung model). In 31 cases, where the extent of ILD was larger than 75% of the lung parenchymal area, the Dice similarity coefficients were 97.9 ± 1.3% (2D U-Net whole lung model) and 98.0 ± 1.2% (2D U-Net separate lung model). Conclusion: The deep neural network achieved excellent performance in automatically delineating the boundaries of lung parenchyma with extensive pathological conditions on non-contrast chest CT images.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.83-101
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• 2019

블록체인은 인공지능, 빅데이터, 사물인터넷 등과 더불어 혁신적인 기술로 간주된다. 최초의 블록체인 애를리케이션이고 암호화폐인 비트코인 출시 이래로, 블록체인은 파괴적 기술로의 인식은 물론 폭 넓게 확산되지도 못하고 있다. 블록체인 관련 연구를 살펴보면, 암호화폐, 기술 일반동향과 전망, 요소기술 등에 대한 설명이 대부분이다. 물론 아직까지 블록체인 기반의 킬러 애플리케이션이 존재하지 않고 있다. 이와 같이 늦게 확산되는 블록체인 기술을 고려하여, 국내의 블록체인에 대한 최신 연구 상황에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 기업의 IT실무 담당자들이 조직의 경쟁력을 높이기 위해서 필요한 블록체인 애플리케이션을 식별할 수 있도록 가이드라인을 제공하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 우리는 네 가지의 접근법을 소개한다. 첫째, Iansiti & Lakhaki(2017)가 제안한 분석틀을 적용하여 국내에서 발간된 블록체인 관련 연구논문을 분류하였다. 이 작업의 목적은 조직의 실무자들이 블록체인 애플리케이션의 도입을 고려할 때 벤치마크 또는 사례로서 활용할 수 있도록 도움을 주기 위함이다. 두 번째는 제시된 분석틀을 이용하여 블록체인 애플리케이션의 가치 개념을 도입하여 조직의 블록체인 애플리케이션 채택의 진화적 경로를 제안하였다. 세 번째는, 블록체인 기술 도입을 조직의 혁신을 촉진하기 위한 수요관점에서블록체인 기술 적용이 가능한 영역을 식별할 수 있는 근거를 제공하였다. 네 번째는 기업 가치사슬 모형과 다섯 경쟁세력 모형을 이용하여 블록체인 애플리케이션 도입의 탐색할 수 있는 근거를 제공하였다.