• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2003

지금까지 거의 보고되지 않은 동물간의 비린내 불쾌취를 밝히는 것을 목적으로, 연속수증기증류에 의해 얻어진 가열돼지간의 휘발성 농축물중에 포함된 화합물을 분리 동정하여, 가열에 의해서도 없어지지 않고 잔존하는 비린내물쾌취를 검토하였다. 또한, GC 분석시, GC-O를 이용하여 각 휘발성화합물의 냄새를 평가하였다. 그 결과, 간은 가열하는 것에 의해 특이적인 비린내불쾌취가 소실되지 않으며, 여전히 잔존함이 확인되었다. 동정된 69종의 화합물중 비린내를 갖는 (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal(fishy) 및 금속취를 갖는 1-octen-3-one, hexanol의 존재를 확인하였다. 또한 가열돼지간의 불쾌취 형성에 기여하는 것으로 생각되어지는 (E)-2-nonenal(cardboard-like), (Z)-4-decenal(cardboard-like), (E,E)-2,4-decadienal(deep-fried) 등 낮은 한계값을 갖는 aldehyde 류의 생성을 확인하였다. 동정된 69종의 화합물중 40종류의 성분은 본 연구에서 처음으로 가열 돼지간의 휘발성성분으로 동정되었다. 1-Octen-3-one, hexanol, (E)-2-nonenal, (Z)-4-decenal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal 등은 특징적인 냄새를 나타내며, 돼지간의 불쾌취 형성에 있어 중요한 화합물로 사료된다. 이들 alkanal, alkenal 및 alkanone류는 돼지간에 다량 함유된 불포화지방산의 산화 반응생성물로, 그 일부는 가열처리에 의한 분해생성물인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2002

신선, 열풍건조, 동결건조 천궁(Cnidium officinale)을 대상으로 향신료로의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위한 기초 실험으로 건조방법을 달리한 천궁 자체에 대한 관능평가 및 이들이 육류의 누린내 및 생선의 비린내에 미치는 영향을 관능검사 하였다. 관능검사 결과 천궁자체에 대한 관능검사에서는 신선, 동결건조, 열풍건조 시료 순으로 전체적인 선호도가 좋게 나타났으며, 천궁의 산뜻한 향과 노르스름한 색에 대한 선호도가 높았다. 신선, 열풍건조 및 동결건조 천궁 0.1% 첨가는 돼지고기의 누린내 및 고등어의 비린내를 제거하였으며 전체적인 선호도도 무첨가군보다 유의적으로 높았다. 쇠고기 및 닭고기 stock에서도 건조 천궁을 첨가함으로써 stock의 누린내를 제거하면서 색이나 맛에 나쁜 영향을 미치지 않았다. 따라서 천궁은 강한 향을 선호하는 소비자에게 알맞은 향신료로 사용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.669-673
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• 1997

The masking effect of Chamnamul (Pimpinella brachycarpa) on meaty and fishy flavor was measured by sensory evaluation to investigate the usefulness of Chamnamul as a natural spice or herb. Shady air dried Chamnamul was utilized for sensory analysis. By the use of Chamnamul, the meaty flavor was significantly reduced in beef and pork. Chamnamul also showed a similar effect as black pepper on reducing meaty flavor. The use of Chamnamul also significantly reduced the fishy flavor of anchovy soup. When Chamnamul was added to rice gruel, rice odor was reduced but grassy odor remained strong.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.714-723
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• 2021

This study investigated the quality characteristics of anchovy Engraulis japonicus sauce added with onion to improve flavor, reduce salinity, and enhance the antioxidative activity. 4 samples were prepared to find the proper amount of onion, including a control group without onion and 3 samples with different amounts of onion: 10% (Fs-10), 20% (Fs-20), and 40% (Fs-40). The samples were collected at intervals of 15 days while fermenting at 25℃ for 60 days. As the amount of added onion increased, the browning index decreased, and the flavor of anchovy sauce was enhanced. The composition of amino acids showed high content of glutamate and alanine that can improve the overall taste. In the free radical scavenging activity test, the Fs-40 group showed the highest value, 74.72%, compared to 10.98% of the control in the antioxidative activity. When evaluating overall preference such as color, fishy smell, flavor with richness, and overall acceptability, the control was rated the lowest, while the Fs-40 was rated the highest and was recognized for its overall excellence. Adding onion not only reduced salinity and increased antioxidant activity but also improved overall sensory properties by adding richness and minimizing fishy smell.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2000

건조된 소엽의 정유를 초임계유체추출법으로 추출한 후 GC/MS로 분석한 결과 24가지의 휘발성 향미성분이 확인되었다. 탄화수소류는 4종, 알데히드류는 전체 peak area의 19.95%로 3종이 확인되었다. 알콜류 8종, 산류 3종, 에스터류 4종 및 기타 2종 확인되었다. 소엽의 주요 휘발성 향미성분은 L-perillaldehyde로 여겨진다. 소엽가루가 누린내 및 비린내에 미치는 영향을 관능검사 하였다. 소엽을 0.05%, 0.1% 및 0.2% 첨가하였을 때 돼지고기대조군과 후추 0.1%첨가군에 비하여 돼지고기의 누린내가 감소되었다. 소엽의 독특한 향기는 0.2% 첨가하였을 때 가장 강하였고 전체적인 선호도는 3가지 소엽첨가군이 가장 높았다. 닭고기대조군에 비하여 후추 0.1%첨가군과 소엽 0.05%, 0.1% 및 0.2%첨가군에서 닭고기의 누린내가 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 닭고기에 소엽을 0.1% 및 0.2% 첨가하였을 때 향이 강하게 감지되었으며, 전체적인 선호도는 후추 0.1%첨가군과 3가지 소엽첨가군 모두 좋게 평가되었다. 고등어의 비린내는 후추 0.1%첨가군과 소엽 0.2%첨가군에서 현저하게 감소되었으며 소엽 0.1%첨가군도 고등어대조군보다 유의적으로 낮았다. 전체적인 선호도는 소엽을 첨가하였을 때 높게 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.216-220
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• 2000

건조된 산초 열매의 정유를 초임계유체추출법으로 추출한 후 GC/MS로 분석간 결과 탄화수소류 6종, 알데히드류 4종, 알코올류 8종, 산류 4종, 에스터류 5종 및 기타 3종을 포함한 30가지의 휘발성 향미성분이 확인되었다. 가장 많이 함유된 성분은 geranyl acetate로 23.90%를 차지하였고, $\beta$-phellandrene 8.06%, D-limoenene 4.61% 및 citronellal 4.00%이었다. 산초가루가 누린내 및 비린내의 억제에 미치는 효과를 관능검사 하였다. 돼지고기대조군, 후추 0.1%첨가군 깆 산초첨가군의 누린내를 평가하였을 때, 산초 0.05%, 0.1% 및 0.2%첨가군이 돼지고기대조군과 후추 0.1%첨가군에 비하여 누린내가 유의적으로 감소되었으며, 닭고기의 누린내 제거 효과에서는 닭고기대조군에 비하여 후추 0.1%첨가군과 산초 0.05%, 0.1%및 0.2%첨가군 모두 누린내가 유의적으로 낮게 평가되었다. 산초가루가 생선의 비린내 제거에 미치는 영향에서는 후추 0.1%첨가군과 산초 0.1% 및 0.2%첨가군의 비린내가 유의적으로 감소되었다. 따라서 돼지고기에 0.05%의 산초를 첨가하면 산초의 아린 맛과 특유한 향기가 없는 상태에서 효과적으로 누린내를 제거할 수 있으며, 산초의 특유한 향기와 아린 맛을 즐길 수 있는 사람은 닭의 누린내 제거에 산초를 0.05% 사용할 수 있고, 산초 0.1%를 고등어에 첨가하면 비린내를 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있다고 여겨진다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop a seasoned Hwangseoke-jeot(a kind of salted and fermented fish) with chitosan having less fishy smell and salty taste. In order to decrease the fishy smell and increase the palatable taste effectively, four types of seasoning were developed, in which minced ginger, garlic and onion were included. In order to improve the color and flavor of seasoned Hwangseoke-jeot, high-quality powdered hot red pepper was also added in all the seasonings. Seasoned Hwangseoke-jeot type 1 had the oil and roasted powder of sesame, which are known to decrease fishy smell and palatable taste, and was the basis of other seasoned Hwangseoke-jeot. Type 2 had the oil and roasted powder of perilla, which also were known to decrease fishy smell and to increase palatable taste effectively. Type 3 had roasted soybean powder and laver to increase savory and palatable taste. It was developed especially for old and young people who like savory taste. Type 4, containing citron syrup, was for the young and children. All the developed seasoned Hwangseoke-jeot samples had better red color and other sensory properies than the control (S-company's seasoned Hwangseoke-jeot), as tested by colorimetry and sensory evaluation. More than 1% (w/v) of chitosan gave an astringent taste to seasoning, so it is recommended not to exceed 1% (w/v) in the seasoning. The developed functional seasonings of jeot would be applicable to other kinds of jeot.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1684-1691
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• 2021

In this study, the physicochemical changes related to fishy smell were determined by storing high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)-treated mackerel (Scomber japonicus) meat in a refrigerator for 20 days. The inhibition of crude urease activity from Vibrio parahaemolyticus using HHP treatment was also investigated. The mackerel meat storage experiment demonstrated that production of trimethylamine (TMA) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), the main components of fishy smell, was significantly reduced on the 20th day of storage after the HHP treatment compared to the untreated mackerels. The results demonstrated that the increased ammonia nitrogen rates in the 2000, 3000, and 4000 bar, HHP-treated groups decreased by 23.8%, 23.8%, and 31.0%, respectively, compared to the untreated groups. The enzyme activity of crude urease was significantly reduced in the HHP-treated group compared to that in the untreated group. Measurement of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in mackerel meat during storage indicated that the content of ethanol, 2-butanone, 3-methylbutanal, and trans-2-pentenal, which are known to cause off-flavor due to spoilage, were significantly reduced by HHP treatment. Collectively, our results suggested that HHP treatment would be useful for inhibiting the activity of urease, thereby reducing the fishy smells from fish and shellfish.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.565-569
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• 2003

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of different levels of refined cod liver oil (RCLO) on laying performance, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids composition (n-3 PUFAs) and the organoleptic evaluation of duck egg yolks. A total of 180 30 wk old laying Tsaiya ducks, at the beginning of peak production, were allotted into 6 treatments with 3 replicates each. Ducks were fed one of the 6 experimental diets, supplemented with 2% tallow (control) and graded levels of RCLO at 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6% to a corn-soybean diets, respectively, for 6 wks. All of the experimental diets were formulated to be both isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the experimental period. The results indicated that the RCLO supplementation levels did not affect (p>0.05) egg production, egg mass, feed intake, feed efficiency or body weight change. Egg weight was the lightest when the ducks received the 6% RCLO diet. The eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and total n-3 PUFAs contents in the yolks increased with increasing RCLO supplementation. The taste and general acceptability of the hard-boiled eggs were not significantly different among the treatments. However, a fishy flavor was much higher when ducks were fed diets supplemented with 5% and 6% RCLO diets.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.87-90
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• 2001

The volatile flavor components of snow crabs from the Young-duk coast of Korea and their concentrated cooker effluent were isolated by a modified method from Likens and Nickerson, using a simultaneous distillation and extraction apparatus. The concentrated extract was analyzed and identified by gas chromatography and GC-MS. The flavor profile of boiled crab demonstrated that the favorable flavor characteristic of crab involved a seafood-like note, and that of concentrated cooker effluent demonstrated that the weak boiled crab flavor involved a fishy note. The main flavor components of boiled crab were heterocyclic compounds including alkylpyrazines, thizoles and thiolanes, aliphatic ketones including 2-heptanone and nonanone. On the other hand, the main flavor components of cooker effluent were aldehydes including 3-methylbutanal, alipatic ketones including 2-heptanone and alkanes including 2,6,10,14-tetramethyl-pentadecane. Almost all of heterocyclic compounds, which seem to be important contributors to the flavor of boiled crab, were not identified in concentrated cooker effluent. As a result, there may be a need to add the crab flavor components formed through model experiments of Maillard reactions to the concentrated cooker effluent for human consumption.