• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.117-132
• /
• 2013

Recent developments in embodied cognition suggest that people process environmental information by using their bodily state and mental simulation. The focus of embodiment theory is that cognitive processing is based on the interaction among the body, the mind, and the world. Based on embodied theories of cognition, the authors predict that when the representation of marathon running is activated, bodily feedback such as tiredness and thirst will occur because mental simulation of marathon running contains sensorimotor representation of marathon running. As a result, it is predicted that participants primed with marathon runner will have more desire to have products that enable thirsty-quenching. Specifically, this research proposes that consumers' tendency to adopt the perspective of others influences embodied cognition, since perspective taking leads people to assimilate their own self-judgments and behaviors toward the cognitive representations of others. An experiment reveals that both perceptual and cognitive perspective taking tendencies moderate how participants respond to the contextual cues. The effect of perspective taking is moderated by whether participants are prompted to adopt a first-person view or a third-person view. In detail, among the high perspective takers, those in the marathon-first-person condition drink more the mineral water than those in the marathon-third-person condition, who in turn drink more the mineral water than those in the control condition. Among the low perceptual perspective takers, however, there are no significant differences in the amount of mineral water intake. This research delivers important insights for advertising messages. When being exposed to an advertisement, high perspective taking consumers may be more engaged in the advertised message than low perspective taking consumers, which in turn high (vs. low) perspective taking consumers' tendency to respond behaviorally consistent with the message may be higher. Based on the findings of this research, if the message induces the high perspective taking consumers to have a first- (vs. third-) person view, this effect may be stronger. Moreover, if the advertising message contains behaviors, such as using the target product, inducing consumers to mimic the behaviors seems to bring more behavioral responses which marketers intend.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.75-83
• /
• 2015

The viewpoint of a digital game is a prime factor that determines user immersion, and first-person viewpoint is known to produce greatest immersion. However, most games adopt third-person viewpoint rather than first-person viewpoint. This study analyzed the reason for the preference of third-person viewpoint. First, six viewpoints were defined by combining three viewpoints (first-, third-person, omniscient viewpoints) and two distances (proximal, distal) between camera and game character. Then 100 games which received high ratings during the past 10 years were sampled, and the frequencies of viewpoint choices and genres were analyzed. Overall, the results showed that games have strong preference for third-person viewpoint. However, preferred viewpoints differed depending on genres, for example, most shooting games used first-person, proximal viewpoint. This result could have arisen because both characteristics of a game and field of view have influenced choice of viewpoint. That is, many games adopt third-person viewpoint because developers consider not only user immersion but also scene visibility.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2021.11a
• /
• pp.1009-1011
• /
• 2021

게임에서 플레이어에게 시각적으로 제공되는 환경을 View라고 하는데, View의 전환만으로도 전혀 다른 게임의 경험이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 car racing game에서 View의 전환에 따른 게임의 경험 차이를 비교하였다. 우리는 ARcore 라이브러리를 사용하여 AR car racing game을 구현하였고 virtual joystick을 사용한 Interaction 방법을 구현하였다. Top down view와 first person view의 차이점이 플레이어의 실감에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 연구하기 위해 두 view을 구현하여 pilot study를 수행하였다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 2008

This article focuses on perspectives of game in terms of interactivity between game texts and players. There are many points of view which have been discussed, such as first person point of view, third person point of view, top-down point of view, side-view point of view, quarter-view point of view, and isometric point of view, but they are too insufficient to fully explain the perspectives of game from the viewpoint of the interactivity. This paper examines the function of player and game manufacturer as implied authors on interactive point of view, and discusses the perspectives of game through a sense of distance between players as implied author and player characters.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.02a
• /
• pp.150-157
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we propose a person tracking based multi-channel audio panning system for multi-view broadcasting services. Multi-view broadcasting is to render the video sequences that are captured from a set of cameras based on different viewpoints, and multi-channel audio panning techniques are necessary for audio rendering in these services. In order to apply such a realistic audio technique to this multi-view broadcasting service, person tracking techniques which are to estimate the position of users are also necessary. For these reasons, proposed methods are composed of two parts. The first part is a person tracking method by using ultrasonic satellites and receiver. We could obtain user's coordinates of high resolution and short duration about 10 mm and 150 ms. The second part is MPEG Surround parameter-based multi-channel audio panning method. It is a method to obtain panned multi-channel audio by controlling the MPEG Surround spatial parameters. A MUSHRA test is conducted to objectively evaluate the perceptual quality and measure localization performance using a dummy head. From the experiments, it is shown that the proposed method provides better perceptual quality and localization performance than the conventional parameter-based audio panning method. In addition, we implement the prototype of person tracking based multi-view broadcasting system by integrating proposed methods with multi-view display system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.873-876
• /
• 2005

본 논문에서는 HMD(Head Mounted Display) 하단에 눈동자의 움직임 영상을 취득할 수 있는 USB 카메라를 부착한 후, 3차원 1인칭 슈팅(First Person Shooting) 게임에서 게임 캐릭터의 시선방향을 눈동자 움직임에 의해 조작하는 방법을 제안한다. 시스템은 입력 영상으로부터 눈동자의 중심 위치를 실시간 영상 처리 방법으로 추출하고, 눈동자의 위치 정보와 모니터상의 응시 지점사이의 기하학적인 연관관계를 결정하는 캘리브레이션을 진행하며, 캘리브레이션 정보를 기반으로 모니터 상의 최종적인 응시 위치를 결정하여 이 정보에 의해 게임상의 3차원 뷰(view) 방향을 조정하는 부분으로 구성되어 있다. 실험 결과 본 논문의 방법에 의해 손이 불편한 사용자에게 게임을 즐길 수 있는 기회를 제공하고, 게임 캐릭터와 게임 사용자의 시선 방향을 일치시킴으로서 게임의 흥미와 몰입감을 증가시킬 수 있는 결과를 얻음을 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2022.11a
• /
• pp.800-802
• /
• 2022

최근 성인들을 위한 '키덜트 장난감'의 관심도가 증가하고 있다. 그중 높은 매출을 보이는 RC 카와 VR 의 콘텐츠 부족 및 대중화 문제를 해결하면 시장규모를 성장시킬 수 있다고 판단한다. 본 논문은 차별화된 RC 카 레이싱 게임 개발을 목표로 한다. 스마트폰용 VR 기기를 착용해 영상을 보며 컨트롤러로 RC 카를 조종한다. 또한 실시간 객체 검출이 가능한 YOLOv5 를 활용해 표지판 인식 및 바운딩 박스, 표지판 라벨, 라벨 음성 출력 기능과 오픈 소스 기반 실시간 컴퓨터 비전인 OpenCV 기반 알고리즘을 활용하여 차선을 인식해 이를 기반으로 영상 처리를 거쳐 가상 차선 및 가상 트랙을 출력한다. 결론적으로 RC 카와 VR 로 구현하여 이를 통해 부족한 VR 컨텐츠를 추가하고 접근성을 강화한다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.201-212
• /
• 2011

This study examines the potentials of realistic controller and point-of-view to affect users' arousal, valence, identification and engagement. While media researchers have advocated the role of realistic controller and point-of-view as a possible contributor to psychological reactions of playing video game, this claim is based on a relatively small number of empirical studies. Collegiate subjects took part in an experimental investigation manipulation the level of controller realism(gamepad vs. steering wheel) and point-of-view(first person vs. third person). Results of the study showed the influence of controller realism and point-of-view on arousal, identification and engagement, and the implication of the findings are discussed.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.12B no.4 s.100
• /
• pp.465-472
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we propose the method of manipulating the gaze direction of 3D FPS game's character by using eye gaze detection from the successive images captured by USB camera, which is attached beneath HMB. The proposed method is composed of 3 parts. At first, we detect user's pupil center by real-time image processing algorithm from the successive input images. In the second part of calibration, when the user gaze on the monitor plane, the geometric relationship between the gazing position of monitor and the detected position of pupil center is determined. In the last part, the final gaze position on the HMD monitor is tracked and the 3D view in game is controlled by the gaze position based on the calibration information. Experimental results show that our method can be used for the handicapped game player who cannot use his(or her) hand. Also, it can Increase the interest and the immersion by synchronizing the gaze direction of game player and the view direction of game character.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2020.01a
• /
• pp.217-218
• /
• 2020

본 논문에서는 유니티 엔진을 이용하여 쿼터 뷰로 진행하는 FPS 생존 게임으로 수 많은 적들 속에서 생존하는 것을 게임 개발의 목표로 한다. 제안 게임은 플레이어가 총을 가지고 적을 자유롭게 제압할 수 있도록 개발한다. 또한 다양한 종류의 게임과 공략을 접해본 플레이어들에게는 큰 장점으로 작용 할 수 있다.