• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2021

In this work, we design and implement a prototype of the mobile UX that works with blockchain-based smart contract systems so that artists and buyers who trade artworks through social media can find reliable trading partners and make secure transactions with each other. The developed prototype has the following characteristics. Utilizing prototypes, we cost-effectively validate the design of mobile UX(User Experience). First, we implement familiar UXs that social media users can use without additional explanation. Second, it is possible to check the reputation of the counterpart and encourage users to make fair deals that can increase their own reputation. Third, it implement the UX for common use by users around the world. Fourth, we design and implement to operate independently of the social media system.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: Bilateral microphones with contralateral routing of signal (BiCROS) hearing aid is an option for hearing rehabilitation in individuals with asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL). The clinical factors influencing the trial and purchase of BiCROS were investigated. Subjects and Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 78 patients with ASNHL who were recommended to use BiCROS and analyzed the demographic and audiological factors influencing the trial and purchase of BiCROS. Results: Among the 78 patients, 52 (66.7%) availed of the free BiCROS trial and 21 (26.9%) purchased BiCROS. The mean pure tone audiometry (PTA) air conduction (AC) threshold of the better- and worse-hearing ears were 44.2±12.8 dB and 90.7±22.5 dB HL, respectively. The decision for trial or purchase of BiCROS was not influenced by age, sex, duration of hearing loss of the worse-hearing ear, or PTA AC threshold or speech discrimination score of both ears. The first and third quartiles of the PTA AC thresholds for the better-hearing ear of BiCROS buyers were 38.75 dB and 53.75 dB HL, respectively. The counterpart values for the worse-hearing ear were 72.50 dB and 118.75 dB HL, respectively. Conclusions: The clinical factors analyzed in this study were found to be irrelevant to the trial and purchase of BiCROS in patients with ASNHL. Nevertheless, the distribution range of the auditory thresholds of the subjects using BiCROS can be a useful basis for the counseling of patients with ASNHL and selection of candidates for BiCROS use.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.111-119
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• 2024

The purpose of study is to analyze the effect of population inflow on apartment price growth. For this purpose, proxy for population structure is employed: (i) net population inflow based on 'resident registration criteria', (ii) buyer's transaction. The major findings are as followed. First, net population inflow of total and 50 over gives no significant effects on the apartment price growth in Seoul and Jeju. However, there are significant and positive effects of 50s and 60s in Seoul, and 60s in Jeju on the apartment price growth, respectively. Second, buyer's transactions of 'total and 50 over' give positive effect on apartment price growth only in Seoul. However, 60s and 50s of buyers' transaction give positive effect on the apartment price growth both in Seoul and Jeju. This study implies that more detailed population inflow like age group provide more meaningful information to the study on apartment price growth.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.71-80
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• 2016

Purpose - In case of automobile parts, there has been a lot of progress in the study on supplier development plans and SCM in industrial progress study as well as on the relationship between ERP and SCM. But supplier development program providers have researched on SCM performance in accordance with the interests of the supplier development program most, thus, buyers were knowledgeable about the earlier program performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prove correlation factor, supplier factor, purchaser factor affecting SCM performance and ERP activating diffusion through the process of supplier development. Supplier development maturity formation model is considered important variables as mediators related to the procedure. Finally, the performance formation model of the supplier development maturity through supplier development factor would be presented as the outcome of this study. Research design, data, and methodology - Data gathering was as follows: questionnaires were delivered to 87 companies that have business connection with H Company. The empirical research to test our hypothesis was grounded on statistical analysis (adapting SPSS 19.0 & AMOS 19.0). The hypothesis is that the supplier development factor variables consist of correlation factor, supplier factor, purchaser factor, and have non-negative effects on the next variables: mediators such as supplier development maturity; and the supplier development maturity variables have a positive effect on the next variables: ERP activating diffusion, ERP activating diffusion has a non-negative effect on supply chain performance. We experimented the hypothesized model using path analysis with latent variables. Results - First, it was known that cooperation

, reliability

, comprehension on the purpose of SDP

, adaptation of change

, knowledge transfer program

, have significant positive effects on supplier development maturity. Second, supplier development maturity has positive effects significantly on ERP activating diffusion

. Finally, the causal relationships from ERP activating diffusion to SCM performance were significantly accepted. Its significance, as through the hypotheses, presented a structural model for the elaboration, suppliers develop maturity, and ultimately SCM performance that affect ERP leveraging spread beyond the concept of maturity of information system. Therefore, it was a mainstay of research on the existing ERP has they believed. Conclusion - First, with the fast changes in business circumstances, company should get the right information to implement SCM appropriately. For successful SCM, firms should understand the supplier development maturity formation and ERP activating diffusion. Second, supplier development factor has significant effects on supplier development maturity. Third, mediator such as supplier development maturity significantly affects ERP activating diffusion. Finally, ERP activating diffusion has significant impacts on SCM performance. This study makes a meaningful contribution to further appreciation on how supplier development maturity formation affects SCM performance. This study shows implications. First, there would not have been dealt with introducing the concept of supplier development maturity. Second, through empirical analysis and provider factors, the providers will develop the maturity that affect interactive factors between purchaser and supplier.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2017

Local festival in Korea has developed quantitatively as well qualitatively. Driving force of local festival's development is local governments' active supports. Many Local government support local festival opening actively to accomplish economic activation. Activation of local festivals is good chance to local start-up companies. Local start-up companies don't have well known brand, and wide distribution network. But they can sell their products to visitors in local festival. And if fortune smiles upon them, they can get big buyers in local festivals. If so, what factors can contribute to a increase sales of local start-up companies? Different from existing research that focus on tour industrial outcome, we will focus on effect of festival service quality on increase sales. The survey is using structured questionnaire, we surveyed visitors who visit local start-up companies' booth in festival site. According to survey result, first, each dimensions of festival service quality do not effect on purchase intention directly except empathy dimension. Second, each dimensions of festival service quality effect on purchase intention by a medium of local image indirectly except assurance dimension. And purchase intention have a great effect on purchase action. Through the results, we can confirm festival service quality effect on purchase intention by a medium of local image indirectly. we suggest that improving festival service quality can effect on sales increase of local start-up companies, and for the purpose of sales increase, local government must improve local image at first.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.101-108
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• 2015

Purpose - The convenience store business sector in South Korea has contributed to economic growth and job creation, and the growth potential of this market segment remains very high. In addition, service value is a more important factor than price in determining purchase intention. Research in the convenience store market is relatively very low compared to other retail sectors. In particular, research on service quality for the convenience of retailers who examine and analyze customer behavior and service quality factors used in the convenience store side of the situation is very inadequate. We have investigated the relationship of store service quality, service satisfaction, and store loyalty. In addition, we have examined the way service value moderates the relationship among these variables. Research design, data, and methodology - The questionnaire was developed using modified and supplementary questions based on the KD-SQS and RSQS models. The study suggested a theoretical model composed of 15 hypotheses on the relations between theoretic variables, and surveys conducted with consumers in discount stores in the Seoul and Gyunggi Metropolitan area in order to verify the hypotheses. We used the SPSS/PC statistical packages to analyze the results. The number of surveys used was 227. Moreover, a structural equating model was also used to analyze the reliability and validity of the composing elements and to verify the suggested hypotheses. Results - The overall results of this study are as follows. First, all service quality elements have a significant effect on service satisfaction. Second, all service quality elements have a significant effect on store loyalty. Third, service satisfaction has a significant effect on store loyalty. Finally, when the participants were divided into high and low service value the results of the multiple regression analyses showed that only the relationship between policy of service quality and satisfaction, and human interaction and policy of service quality and loyalty were significant. The implications are discussed based on the findings of the study. Conclusions - First, through direct hypotheses testing, we confirmed that the convenience service quality positively impacts the service satisfaction and loyalty of buyers. In particular, the reliability, origin benefit, and promotion were found to have more influence on satisfaction and loyalty of consumers of a convenience store. Further, for the service quality of the convenience for the consumer loyalty, greater human interaction was a high-value and statistically significantly higher than the degree of improvement in consumer loyalty. This underscores the importance of education and human services management of employees working in a convenience store. In particular, frequent changes in personnel generate results that negatively impact loyalty with customers. These results may lead to a serious problem in the economics of the store. Therefore, it should enhance the value of services through the establishment of training and compensation for employees. In addition, a certain educational level is required as well as a basis for compensation and retention.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.61-71
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• 2015

Purpose - Before the year 2000, the housing prices in Korea were increasing every decade. After 2000, for the first time, Korea experienced a decrease in housing prices, and the repetitive cycle of price fluctuation started. Such a "boom and bust cycle" is a worldwide phenomenon. The current study proposes a mathematical model to explain price fluctuation cycles based on the theory of consumer psychology. Specifically, the model incorporates the effects of buyer expectations of future prices on actual price changes. Based on the model, this study investigates various independent variables affecting the amplitude of price fluctuations in housing markets. Research design, data, and methodology - The study provides theoretical analyses based on a mathematical model. The proposed model uses the following assumptions of the pricing mechanism in housing markets. First, the price of a house at a certain time is affected not only by its current price but also by its expected future price. Second, house investors or buyers cannot predict the exact future price but make a subjective prediction based on observed price changes up to the present. Third, the price is determined by demand changes made in previous time periods. The current study tries to explain the boom-bust cycle in housing markets with a mathematical model and several numerical examples. The model illustrates the effects of consumer price elasticity, consumer sensitivity to price changes, and the sensitivity of prices to demand changes on price fluctuation. Results - The analytical results imply that even without external effects, the boom-bust cycle can occur endogenously due to buyer psychological factors. The model supports the expectation of future price direction as the most important variable causing price fluctuation in housing market. Consumer tendency for making choices based on both the current and expected future price causes repetitive boom-bust cycles in housing markets. Such consumers who respond more sensitively to price changes are shown to make the market more volatile. Consumer price elasticity is shown to be irrelevant to price fluctuations. Conclusions - The mechanism of price fluctuation in the proposed model can be summarized as follows. If a certain external shock causes an initial price increase, consumers perceive it as an ongoing increasing price trend. If the demand increases due to the higher expected price, the price goes up further. However, too high a price cannot be sustained for long, thus the increasing price trend ceases at some point. Once the market loses the momentum of a price increase, the price starts to drop. A price decrease signals a further decrease in a future price, thus the demand decreases further. When the price is perceived as low enough, the direction of the price change is reversed again. Policy makers should be cognizant that the current increase in housing prices due to increased liquidity can pose a serious threat of a sudden price decrease in housing markets.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.89-99
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• 2012

Purpose - Mobile devices, especially mobile terminals capable of telecommunication and wireless connectivity, are leading the advancements in consumer electronics. Digital convergence drives the functions of various devices, such as cellular phones, MP3 players, personal digital assistants, and gaming, into a single device. This trend would continue and applications such as digital audio and video streaming (including personalized content delivery mechanisms) would soon be on a handheld device. As customers want mobile convergence devices, manufacturers are driving new initiatives in the emerging mobile device market. Given the roles played by device design and service content in user satisfaction of a mobile convergence device, this study focuses on identifying and measuring the constructs for the process by which user satisfaction is achieved. This study synthesizes the expectation-disconfirmation paradigm with empirical theories in user satisfaction. Device and service levels are separated, and nine key constructs for user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices are proposed. Insight into this process could help web-based businesses to improve user satisfaction, thus enhancing the effectiveness of e-commerce for sellers and buyers. Research design, data, methodology - This study draws on three users of mobile convergence devices as examples. To test there search model and hypotheses, survey questionnaires were sent to 607 mobile device users. Mobile device users were initially identified from several members, and subjects were randomly drawn. Data from 577 survey responses were finally analyzed. The unit of measurement and analysis in this research study is at a personal level. Results - The measurements for the constructs were developed and tested in a two-phase study. In the first phase, the device and service dimensions were identified, and instruments for measuring them were developed and tested. In the second phase, using the salient dimensions of the device and service as the formulating first-order factors, instruments were developed and empirically tested to measure satisfaction of the device and service. In measuring satisfaction of mobile convergence devices, the critical tasks are to identify the key constructs of such user satisfaction and to develop validated instruments to measure them. Hence, the results of this study have immediate implications for businesses and for research in user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices. Conclusions - This study provides reliable instruments for operationalizing key constructs in the analysis of user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices within the expectation-disconfirmation paradigm. Hence, convergence device makers will be able to examine whether their websites meet their customers' expectations by examining the device aspect of the mobile convergence device customers, and the service aspect expectations and disconfirmation. Moreover, the introduction of expectation and disconfirmation constructs brings the marketing aspect of convergence devices into focus for such retailers, an aspect crucial to the effective design of websites for online businesses. In addition,this study provides the metrics required to initiate future studies on user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.29-41
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• 2012

This paper undertakes a conceptual review of transaction cost to broaden the understanding of the transaction cost analysis (TCA) approach. More than 40 years have passed since Coase's fundamental insight that transaction, coordination, and contracting costs must be considered explicitly in explaining the extent of vertical integration. Coase (1937) forced economists to identify previously neglected constraints on the trading process to foster efficient intrafirm, rather than interfirm, transactions. The transaction cost approach to economic organization study regards transactions as the basic units of analysis and holds that understanding transaction cost economy is central to organizational study. The approach applies to determining efficient boundaries, as between firms and markets, and to internal transaction organization, including employment relations design. TCA, developed principally by Oliver Williamson (1975,1979,1981a) blends institutional economics, organizational theory, and contract law. Further progress in transaction costs research awaits the identification of critical dimensions in which transaction costs differ and an examination of the economizing properties of alternative institutional modes for organizing transactions. The crucial investment distinction is: To what degree are transaction-specific (non-marketable) expenses incurred? Unspecialized items pose few hazards, since buyers can turn toalternative sources, and suppliers can sell output intended for one order to other buyers. Non-marketability problems arise when specific parties' identities have important cost-bearing consequences. Transactions of this kind are labeled idiosyncratic. The summarized results of the review are as follows. First, firms' distribution decisions often prompt examination of the make-or-buy question: Should a marketing activity be performed within the organization by company employees or contracted to an external agent? Second, manufacturers introducing an industrial product to a foreign market face a difficult decision. Should the product be marketed primarily by captive agents (the company sales force and distribution division) or independent intermediaries (outside sales agents and distribution)? Third, the authors develop a theoretical extension to the basic transaction cost model by combining insights from various theories with the TCA approach. Fourth, other such extensions are likely required for the general model to be applied to different channel situations. It is naive to assume the basic model appliesacross markedly different channel contexts without modifications and extensions. Although this study contributes to scholastic research, it is limited by several factors. First, the theoretical perspective of TCA has attracted considerable recent interest in the area of marketing channels. The analysis aims to match the properties of efficient governance structures with the attributes of the transaction. Second, empirical evidence about TCA's basic propositions is sketchy. Apart from Anderson's (1985) study of the vertical integration of the selling function and John's (1984) study of opportunism by franchised dealers, virtually no marketing studies involving the constructs implicated in the analysis have been reported. We hope, therefore, that further research will clarify distinctions between the different aspects of specific assets. Another important line of future research is the integration of efficiency-oriented TCA with organizational approaches that emphasize specific assets' conceptual definition and industry structure. Finally, research of transaction costs, uncertainty, opportunism, and switching costs is critical to future study.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to develop curricula for the department of marine products marketing in fisheries high schools. The specific objectives were as follows; 1) To investigate the demand of students, teachers in fisheries high schools, and workers in marine products marketing for the educational program. 2) To analyze the jobs of the marine products marketing fields. 3) To develop curricula for the department of marine products marketing on the basis of the theoretical background and the result of the objective 1) and 2). In order to achieve these objectives, domestic and foreign literatures, research reports, and theses were referred to in order to know the academic classification of fisheries economics and curricula of junior colleges and universities were collected and analyzed. To achieve the first objective, the degree of the students' knowledge of marine products marketing through fisheries management textbook was investigated. And the questionnaire survey of the demand was conducted on the subject of professors at the departments of fisheries management, teachers in the charge of the related courses and those who work for marine products marketing-related firms. The questionnaire was composed of 22 items about the knowledge of marine products marketing and 27 items about the job capacity. To achieve the second objective, the occupations were surveyed on the subjects of the works who work for marine products marketing. They were sampled randomly among the marine products buyers, wholesalers, auctioneers and salespersons. The results of this research were as follows; Taking grades and credits at each subject were made out on the consultation of the experts in marine products marketing. The curriculum of the professional subjects related to marine products marketing in fisheries high schools is suggested as follows; General Fisheries(10th grade, 6 credits, curricular discretionary class), General Oceanography(10th grade, 4 credits, curricular discretionary class), Fisheries Marine Transportation Information(11th grade, 8-12 credits), Marine Products Marketing(11th grade, 8-12 credits), Fishery Sale and Management(11th grade, 8-12 credits), General Fisheries Management(11th grade, 6-8 credits), Accounting Principle(11th grade, 4-6 credits), Marine Products Processing(12th grade, 4-8 credits), Commercial Law(12th grade, 4-6 credits), Management Practice(12th grade, 4-6 credits), Computer Practical Business(12th grade, 4-6 credits), Marketing(12th grade, 4-8 credits), General Marketing Management(12th grade, 6-8 credits), Marketing Information Practical Business(12th grade, 4-6 credits) Marketing Management I(12th grade, 4-6 credits), Marketing Management II(12th grade, 4-6 credits). If this curriculum is adopted, it will meet the demands of the educational aims and the industrial society.