• 제목/요약/키워드: Fire-through

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현행 화재조사 및 수사체계의 문제점과 개선방안 (Problem and Improvement Plan of Existing Fire Examination and Investigation System)

  • 김형두
    • 한국화재소방학회논문지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.37-50
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    • 2007
  • 소방기관의 기본업무는 화재를 예방 경계하거나 진압하고 화재, 재난 재해 그 밖의 위급한 상황에서의 구조 구급활동 등을 통하여 국민의 생명 신체 및 재산을 보호함으로써 공공의 안녕질서 유지와 복리증진을 하는 것이다. 이러한 소방업무 중 구조 구급분야는 국민으로부터 적극적인 지지를 받고 있지만 국민의 신뢰를 받지 못하고 있는 한 분야가 화재조사와 수사 관련업무라고 볼 수 있다. 화재조사는 소방행정 중에서도 그 비중이 매우 높고 중요한 분야 임에도 이에 대한 인식과 관심의 부족으로 소홀하게 인식되어 왔다. 화재조사에 대한 교육연구 및 전담기능도 부족하여 과학적인 화재조사가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 우리나라의 화재조사와 수사체계는 아직 개선해야 할 부분이 많이 있다. 특히 화재조사와 수사의 정확도를 높이기 위해서는 화재조사와 수사 전문인력의 확보를 통해 전담부서를 설치하는 것이 시급하다. 물적으로는 과학적 화재조사와 수사를 할 수 있는 장비들을 충분히 구비하여야 한다. 또한 화재조사와 수사에 있어 미비한 법제도를 개선하고, 화재조사 소방공무원에게도 발전적으로 수사권을 부여하여 화재조사와 수사의 효율성을 증대하여야 한다. 이를 통해 유기적으로 화재예방에 도움이 될 수 있도록 하여야 한다.

통계적 고찰과 수목분포에 따른 열량분석을 통한 산림화재 위험성 평가에 관한 연구 (A study on the assessment of wildland fire hazard through statistic examination and calorie analysis according to the geographical distribution of vegetation)

  • 김광일;김동현
    • 한국화재소방학회논문지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.27-32
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    • 2000
  • 산림에 대한 화재 위험성 평가는 산불의 예방, 진화 및 관리에 있어서 우선적으로 고려되어야 할 부분이다. 단일 화재로서는 축내 최대 규모인 1997년 4월에 발생한 강원도 고성산불과 2000년 4월에 발생한 강원도 영동지방 산불은 이러한 화재위험성 평가의 필요성을 절실히 요구하고 있다. 현재 국내에서의 사용하고 있는 위험도의 표현은 기상인자에 의해 연료가 화재에 노출될 수 있는 위험을 나타낸 것으로 습도측정봉 무게 환산식을 통해 산불 발생 위험지수 산정하여 산불경보시스템을 사용하며 나타내고 있다. 앞으로, 지역별 종합적인 산림화재 위험성 평가를 위해서는 주요 인자들의 위험성을 측정하고 통계적 고찰을 통한 위험성 평가를 표현할 필요성이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 먼저 통계적 고찰을 통해 발생 빈도와 피해의 심각성을 분석하여 위험성을 평가하였고 수목의 열량적 가치를 시차주사열량계 실험을 통해 분석하여 수목분포도에 따를 열적 상대 위험성을 평가하였다

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Evaluation of the Fire Resistance Performance of Interior Anchor Type CFT Columns through Loaded Heating Test

  • Kim, Sunhee;Yom, Kyongsoo;Choi, Sungmo
    • 국제초고층학회논문집
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.39-48
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    • 2013
  • The fire resistance performance of generic CFT columns has been verified through various tests and analyses and the columns are widely used for fire resistance designs abroad. In this study, 3 groups of specimens (Non-fire protection, reinforcement with steel fiber and fire resistance paint) are suggested in order to evaluate the fire resistance performance of interior anchor type concrete-filled steel tubular columns having efficient cross-sections through loaded heating tests. Axial deformation-time relationship and in-plane temperatures are compared to evaluate the fire resistance performance of the specimens associated with variables. Suggested from the fact that the interior anchors exposed to fire exert influence on fire resistance performance due to thermal expansion, the reinforcements using steel fiber and fire resistance paint are verified to mitigate contraction and improve fire resistance performance. The result obtained from the tests of interior anchor type concrete-filled tubular columns is expected to be used for effective fire resistance design in association with previously conducted studies.

사회복지시설의 화재안전관리에 관한 연구 (A Study on Fire Safety Management of Social Welfare Facilities)

  • 최규출
    • 한국화재소방학회논문지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2013
  • 고령화 사회의 도래와 함께 폭발적으로 증가하는 사회복지시설에서의 화재안전은 매우 중요한 사회문제로 대두되고 있다. 근래에 발생했던 노인요양원의 화재를 계기로 사회복지시설에 대한 소방관련법과 기준을 분석하고, 사회복지시설 현장을 방문하여 현장실태조사 및 소방기술인, 교수, 시설운영자, 이용자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과를 분석하여 화재안전관리방안으로 법 개정을 통한 맞춤형 소방시설설치, 소방시설유지관리강화, 소방안전관리 및 관련시설 평가를 통한 소방안전관리방안을 제시하였다.

화재 상황 인식 모델을 적용한 종합 상황 판단 시스템 (Synthetic Circumstantial Judgement System Applied Recognition of Fire Levels Model)

  • 송재원;이세희;안태기;신정렬
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.1275-1281
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    • 2011
  • This paper presents synthetic circumstantial judgement system that detects and predicts a fire in subway station. Unlike conventional fire surveillance systems that judge the fire or not through smoke, CO, temperature or variation of temperature, a proposed system discovers a fire more easily or gives the alarm high possibility of fire to operator through recognition of fire levels based on Fuzzy Inference System using by FCM and information of objects from video data.

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A Study on the Fire Safety of High-rise Apartments Based on Fire Door Switch and Automatic Fire Extinguishing System

  • Zhang, ZeChen;Kong, Ha-Sung
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.424-430
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to analyse the characteristics and spreading laws of parameters such as fire smoke, concentration of CO, visibility, and temperature at fire scene in high-rise residential buildings under the different conditions of fire doors and automatic fire extinguishing systems. Using Pyrosim to simulate diverse fire scenes in a high-rise apartment with corridors, to analyze the changes in those parameters. The results show that when a fire occurs, closing the fire-fighting corridor will increase the smoke temperature and concentration of CO in the stairwell, and reduce the height and visibility of the smoke layer; the automatic fire extinguishing system effectively suppresses the increase in the temperature of the fire smoke and the sedimentation of the smoke layer. Reasonable setting and operation of the automatic fire extinguishing system could effectively inhibit the spread of fire. Although closing fire corridor can slow down the direct upward spread of smoke through the corridor, it will force the fire smoke into the stairwell, which will seriously affect evacuation through the stairs. Therefore, in order to reduce risks, it is forbidden to close the fire doors of the firefighting corridor and stacking combustible materials in the corridor, Also, intensifying inspections and ensuring the normal operation of the automatic fire extinguishing system are indispensable. Based on the research results, the significance of installing fire-fighting facilities in the construction of high-rise apartments was discussed and proved.

고령자시설 화재안전을 위한 화재원인조사 및 안전대책 방안에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Analysis of Cause Investigation of Fire and Safety Countermeasures of Elderly Facilities)

  • 진승현;이병흔;구태윤;권영진
    • 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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    • pp.148-149
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    • 2017
  • Recently, South Korea is reaching aged society through ageing society. Accordingly, facility related to aged is increased consistently because of effort to improve the welfare of the elderly through elderly long term care insurance in 2008. however, the number of fires in the elderly facilities is increasing rapidly too. It is becoming bigger and higher and the characteristics of person who is unable to afford are mostly having difficult evacuation. so fire safety guildelines are urgently needed but korea research is insufficient. In this study, we propose a fire scenario through investigation of fire causes for fire safety guideline development of elderly facility, and describe to the fire safety countermeasure.

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교육시설의 사용자 중심 화재안전수준 평가모형 개발 (Development of User-centered Fire Safety Evaluation Model for School Buildings)

  • 박성철;김진욱
    • 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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    • pp.238-239
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    • 2021
  • This study presented the development of a user centered school facility fire safety evaluation model that would support fire safety evaluation, which is globally recognized as being important in terms of school safety, to be more efficiently implemented in the school field mainly by students. The study consisted of five steps. First, actual condition survey tools were developed based on the major fire safety evaluation items derived through literature review. Second, the characteristics of domestic school facilities in terms of fire safety were developed using the survey tools. Third, an evaluation model at a level utilizable by students was developed based on the foregoing characteristics. Fourth, the applicability of the model was verified through a trial application of the model to elementary school students. Finally, legal and institutional improvement plans and fire safety education materials were presented through a policy proposal.

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A Study on the fire-resistance of concrete-filled steel square tube columns without fire protection under constant central axial loads

  • Park, Su-Hee;Choi, Sung-Mo;Chung, Kyung-Soo
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제8권6호
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    • pp.491-510
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    • 2008
  • This paper presents a plan and guidelines that were drawn for Korean based research carried out on the fire-resistance of CFT columns. This research was carried out by reviewing the Korean regulations related to the fire-resistance of CFT columns and examining studies which had been made in Korea as well as overseas. The first phase of the study plan was to compare the fire-resistance of square CFT columns without fire protection (obtained through fire-resistance tests and numerical analyses) with estimated values (obtained through fire-resistance design formulas proposed in Korea and overseas). This comparison provided conclusions as outlined below. Fire-resistance tests conducted in this study proved that, when the actual design load is taken into consideration, square CFT columns without fire protection are able to resist a fire for more than one hour. A comparison was made of test and analysis results with the fire-resistance time based on the AIJ code, the AISC design formula and the estimation formula suggested for Korea. The results of this comparison showed that the test and analysis results for specimens SAH1, SAH2-1, SAH2-2 and SAH3 were almost identical with the AIJ code, the AISC design formula and estimation formula. For specimens SAH4 and SAH5, the estimation formula was more conservative than the AIJ code and the AISC design formula. It was necessary to identify the factors that have an influence on the fire-resistance of CFT columns without fire protection and to draw fire-resistance design formulas for these columns. To achieve this, it is proposed that numerical analyses and tests be conducted in order to evaluate the fire-resistance of circular CFT columns, the influence of eccentricity existing as an additional factor and the influence of the slenderness ratio of the columns. It is also suggested that the overall behavior of CFT structures without fire protection within a fire be evaluated through analysis simulation.