• Title/Summary/Keyword: Fire setting

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Development and Comparison of Data Mining-based Prediction Models of Building Fire Probability

  • Hong, Sung-gwan;Jeong, Seung Ryul
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.101-112
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    • 2018
  • A lot of manpower and budgets are being used to prevent fires, and only a small portion of the data generated during this process is used for disaster prevention activities. This study develops a prediction model of fire occurrence probability based on data mining in order to more actively use these data for disaster prevention activities. For this purpose, variables for predicting fire occurrence probability of various buildings were selected and data of construction administrative system, national fire information system, and Korea Fire Insurance Association were collected and integrated data set was constructed. After appropriate data cleansing and preprocessing, various data mining methodologies such as artificial neural network, decision trees, SVM, and Naive Bayesian were used to develop a prediction model of the fire occurrence probability of buildings. The most accurate model among the derived models is Linear SVM model which shows 68.42% as experimental data and 63.54% as verification data and it is the best model to predict fire occurrence probability of buildings. As this study develops the prediction model which uses only the set values of the specific ranges, future studies may explore more opportunites to use various setting values not shown in this study.

A Study on Electric Fire Risk and Safety Measures in Traditional Markets through the Significant Fire Events (주요 사례를 통한 재래시장의 전기화재 위험성 및 안전대책에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Seung-Bok;Lee, Chang-Woo;Choi, Don-Mook
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.122-127
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    • 2010
  • There are 1,550 small or large traditional markets in the whole country. They have many dangerous elements of fire, because of using various electrical products in poor and small space. Recently, government has supported the modernization of traditional market. But, only 50% of them has modernized. There has always been high level of fire risks because of the both modernized and nonmodernized facility are not fit for "Technical Standards on Electrical Facilities". Accordingly, we examined electrical facility setting and use about modernized and non modernized traditional markets which has ever been fired.

A Study on Analysis of ELB Characteristics (누전차단기의 특성해석에 관한 연구)

  • 김은배
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 1988
  • This paper deals with the optimal use of the ELB (Electric Leakage circuit Breaks) for the protection of low voltage distribution system. Since the ELB is recently used together for grounding fault while only the ground resistance was used in the past, the analysis of ELB characteristics is indispensible. By the quantitative analysis and the setting of limit the ground resistance and the ELB is derived and then the optimal use of the ELB is expected to contribute to the system protection.

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Fire Patterns According to the Blood Hb-CO Concentration of Charred Bodies (소사체의 혈중 헤모글로빈-일산화탄소 농도에 따른 연소형태 연구)

  • Choi, Seung-Bok;Oh, Bu-Yeol;Choi, Don-Mook
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.40-48
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    • 2012
  • Fire patterns have been used to determine the origin and cause of fires in every setting imaginable. However, it is very difficult to identify fire patterns and causes from the fire-damaged remains of a devastated structure. If someone was killed by the fire, it is possible to identify fire patterns by analyzing the Hb-CO concentration in charred bodies of deceased as well as the pace of the fire. For example, a low level of Hb-CO concentration in the charred bodies indicate a rapid fire with accelerants and the death was caused by severe heat and thick toxic fumes. However, a high level of Hb-CO concentration in the charred bodies demonstrates that the fire was slow and/or there was a flameless form of combustion. Thus, it is possible to identify fire patterns through analyzing the level of Hb-CO concentration on the dead from the fire. In this study, the Hb-CO concentration in the charred bodies was from 3 % at the case of gas burning oneself to death to 93 % at the death caused by smoldering fire.

A Study on Setting Smoke Exhaust Rate According to the Transverse Ventilation with Oversized Exhaust Ports in Road Tunnel by the Variation of Fire Intensity (화재강도변화에 따른 횡류식 대배기구 배연량 설정에 관한 연구)

  • Rie, Dong-Ho;Kim, Ha-Young
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.38-43
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    • 2008
  • Recently, the application of transverse ventilation system in accordance with oversized exhaust ports has been increased in bidirectional road tunnel in order to improving smoke exhaust ability. In this study, numerical simulations were carried out by using FDS (ver. 4.0) which includes variations of exhaust flow rates and heat release rate of fire to obtain the optimal smoke exhaust rate in case of fire in the transversely ventilation system. As a result, smoke exhaust amount tends to increase when the inner velocity is existing in the tunnel. In case of internal longitudinal air velocity 2.5m/s face to the fire, smoke moving distance should be restricted within 250m when the smoke exhaust rate which exceeds $244.8m^3/s$.

Preventing disaster system of the subaqueous tunnel under the Han river in the Bundang railway (분당선 한강 하저터널의 방재시스템)

  • Kim Yong-Il;Hwang Nak-Yeon;Yoon Young-Hoon;Jie Hong-Keun;Jang Sung-Wook;Kim Dong-Hyun
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2004.10a
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    • pp.308-327
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    • 2004
  • As use of tunnels and subways increase there also are accidents proportionate to it. Daegu Subway Station fire, Hongjimoon tunnel fire led people to be conscious of disaster protection and as a result, there is a trend to adopt standards for fire protection. Accordingly, this thesis is focused on investigating various fire and water protection related issues for subaqueous tunnel under Ran river. The thesis developed evacuation and disaster prevention plan as fire level increases and have identified the suitability of disaster prevention through evacuation and fire simulation, countermeasure of a water leakage during construction and operation considering the subaqueous tunnel. And we selected EPB shield TBM equipment considering the ground condition and effect of boring hole, and accomplished reasonable water protection design through setting goals using event-tree method, as well as examining model test of boring hole and flooding in heavy rain. Also included structured total system consist of water leakage sensing system, water protection gate, pumping system and fire protection system to respond systematically in emergency.

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Analysis of Inner Temperature in High Strength Concrete under Standard Temperature-time Curve (표준화재곡선에 의한 고강도 콘크리트 부재의 내부온도 예측)

  • Song, Hun;Lee, Sea-Hyun;Mun, Kyung-Ju;Do, Jeong-Yun;Soh, Yang-Seob
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2005.05b
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    • pp.469-472
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    • 2005
  • With all ensuring the fire resistance structure as a method of setting the required cover thickness to fire, the RC is significantly affected from the standpoint of its structural stability that the compressive strength and elastic modulus is reduced by fire. Normally, the degradation of concrete member exposed to fire is largely dependent on the fire scale and fire condition. There is therefore a need to precisely predict the deterioration and fire damage of the exposed member. Thus, this work estimated the temperature distribution inside a member taking into consideration of the thermal properties by means of finite element method(FEM). The estimation results in a little higher prediction value than the experimental value in surface layer and is almost coincident with the experiment as the heating depth increase. From this work it can be known that the simulation application of FEM using the thermal properties of concrete member in high temperature gives rise to the confident prediction in the prediction of temperature distribution.

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Analysis of Temperature Rise and Operation Time of Differential Spot Type Detector in Case of Mattress Fire in Multi-family House (다가구 주택의 매트리스 화재 시 차동식 스포트형 감지기의 온도상승 및 동작시간 분석)

  • Kim, Seo-Young;Kong, Ha-Sung
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 2021
  • This study developed a scenario to understand the reaction rate and operational time according to RTI value of rate of rise detector in each type in case of fire mattress. In the results of analyzing the reaction rate and operational time of detector in each scenario, in case when installing a single detector, the elevated temperature per minute was raised to 8℃/min ~ 9℃/min. In case when installing two detectors, it was raised to 9℃/min ~ 10℃/min. In case when installing three detectors, it was raised to 10℃/min. The horizontal distance between detector and mattress was 1.8m~2.5m. Whenever the number of detectors was increased, the horizontal distance was decreased. The operational time of detector was within maximum 540 seconds and minimum 420 seconds. As the research tasks in the future, there should be the researches on the effects of reaction rate of detector on the evacuation in case of fire through the result value of RSET by setting up the latency until the detector operates, and the researches on the safety by understanding if the operational time of detector is suitable for the evaluation standard of performance-centered design.

Similarity of energy balance in mechanically ventilated compartment fires: An insight into the conditions for reduced-scale fire experiments

  • Suto, Hitoshi;Matsuyama, Ken;Hattori, Yasuo
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.54 no.8
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    • pp.2898-2914
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    • 2022
  • When evaluating energy balance and temperature in reduced-scale fire experiments, which are conducted as an alternative to full-scale fire experiments, it is important to consider the similarity in the scale among these experiments. In this paper, a method considering the similarity of energy balance is proposed for setting the conditions for reduced-scale experiments of mechanically ventilated compartment fires. A small-scale fire experiment consisting of various cases with different compartment geometries (aspect ratios between 0.2 and 4.7) and heights of vents and fire sources was conducted under mechanical ventilation, and the energy balance in the quasi-steady state was evaluated. The results indicate the following: (1) although the compartment geometry varies the energy balance in a mechanically ventilated compartment, the variation in the energy balance can be evaluated irrespective of the compartment size and geometry by considering scaling factor F (∝heffAwRT, where heff is the effective heat transfer coefficient, Aw is the total wall area, and RT is the ratio of the spatial mean gas temperature to the exhaust temperature); (2) the value of RT, which is a part of F, reflects the effects of the compartment geometry and corresponds to the distributions of the gas temperature and wall heat loss.

Explosive Spalling of Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (구조용 경량골재 콘크리트의 폭렬특성)

  • Song, Hun;Lee, Jong-Chan;Lee, Sea-Hyun;Kim, Woo-Jae
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2006.05b
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    • pp.477-480
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    • 2006
  • Normally, with all ensuring the fire resistance structure as a method of setting the required cover thickness to fire, the RC is significantly affected from the standpoint of its structural stability that the compressive strength and elastic modulus is reduced by fire. Especially, high strength concrete and lightweight aggregate concrete is occurred serious fire performance deterioration by explosive spalling. Thus, this study is concerned with explosive spalling of lightweight concrete using structural lightweight aggregate. From the experimental test result, lightweight aggregate concrete is happened explosive spalling. The decrease of cross section caused by explosive spalling made sharp increasing gradient of inner temperature.

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