• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 2020

화재 및 재난에서 신속·정확한 경보는 피해규모의 최소화와 인명 피난의 성공과 직결된다. 그러나 자동화재탐지설비의 비화재보로 인해 119서비스의 오인출동의 수가 증가하고 있다. 이는 건물의 관계인의 안전 불감증과 소방의 인력낭비를 초래한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국외(미국, 영국) 및 국내의 비화재보에 대한 통계DB 및 문헌을 확인하고, 비화재보의 관리체계에 대해서 비교·분석하여 비화재보에 대한 통계 및 관리체계의 문제점을 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.237-246
• /
• 2024

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of fire accidents in university libraries has posed significant threats to the safety of students' lives and property, alongside negative social impacts. Accurately analyzing the factors affecting evacuation during library fires and proposing optimized measures for safe evacuation is thus crucial. This paper utilizes a specific university library as a case study, simulating fire evacuation scenarios using the Pathfinder software, to assess and validate evacuation strategies and propose relevant optimizations. Pathfinder, developed by Thunderhead Engineering in the United States, is an intuitive and straightforward personnel emergency evacuation assessment system, offering advanced visualization interfaces and 3D animation effects. This study aims to construct evacuation models and perform simulation analysis for the selected university library using Pathfinder. The library's structural layout, people flow characteristics, and the nature of fire and smoke spread are considered in the analysis. Additionally, evacuation scenarios involving different fire outbreak locations and the status of emergency exits are examined. The findings underscore the importance of effective evacuation in fire situations, highlighting how environmental conditions, individual characteristics, and behavioral patterns significantly influence evacuation efficiency. Through these investigations, the study enhances understanding and optimization of evacuation strategies in fire scenarios, thereby improving safety and efficiency. The research not only provides concrete and practical guidelines for building design, management, and emergency response planning in libraries but also offers valuable insights for the design and management of effective evacuation systems in buildings, crucial for ensuring occupant safety and minimizing loss of life in potential hazard situations

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.209-217
• /
• 2024

Recent years have seen a notable increase in fire incidents in university cafeterias, yet the social attention to these occurrences remains limited. Despite quick responses to these incidents preventing loss of life, the need for large-scale evacuation in such high foot traffic areas can cause significant disruptions, economic losses, and panic among students. The potential for stampedes and unpredictable damage during inadequate evacuations underscores the importance of fire safety and evacuation research in these settings. Previous studies have explored evacuation models in various university environments, emphasizing the influence of environmental conditions, personal characteristics, and behavioral patterns on evacuation efficiency. However, research specifically focusing on university cafeterias is scarce. This paper addresses this gap by employing Pathfinder software to analyze fire spread and evacuation safety in a university cafeteria. Pathfinder, an advanced emergency evacuation assessment system, offers realistic 3D simulations, crucial for intuitive and scientific evacuation analysis. The studied cafeteria, encompassing three floors and various functional areas, often exceeds a capacity of 1500 people, primarily students, during peak times. The study includes constructing a model of the cafeteria in Pathfinder and analyzing evacuation scenarios under different fire outbreak conditions on each floor. The paper sets standard safe evacuation criteria (ASET > RSET) and formulates three distinct evacuation scenarios, considering different fire outbreak locations and initial evacuation times on each floor. The simulation results reveal the impact of the fire's location and the evacuation preparation time on the overall evacuation process, highlighting that fires on higher floors or longer evacuation preparation times tend to reduce overall evacuation time.In conclusion, the study emphasizes a multifaceted approach to improve evacuation safety and efficiency in educational settings. Recommendations include expanding staircase widths, optimizing evacuation routes, conducting regular drills, strengthening command during evacuations, and upgrading emergency facilities. The use of information and communication technology for managing emergencies is also suggested. These measures collectively form a comprehensive framework for ensuring safety in educational institutions during fire emergencies.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed ignition probability about Lithium-polymer batteries of what variously were being produced wearable devices recently. The study analyzed ignition probability by PCM(Protection Circuit Module) operating state and overcharged, over-discharged, exposed to high temperatures of Lithium polymer batteries, analyzing wearable devices on the market. Then it classified experimental results to implement analysis comparison about weight, X-ray imaging, battery decomposition. With these experiments, the study analyzed combustion-possibility and fire patterns. These statistics will be used to measure and verify the cause of a fire when identify wearable devices using Lithium-polymer batteries.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.74-79
• /
• 2013

As the feature of fire, it is hard for deep-seated fire to spread to the deeper site, and it also has danger for being re-ignited cause of recontacting with oxygen after being put off. Now it is ruled in the certification criteria of wetting agent used for extinguishing deep-seated fire that the criteria for surface tension is below 33[mN/m] in Korea. For figuring out how much water for fire-fighiting can permeate into combustibles, in this research, the permeating performance is analyzed by measuring the speed of permeating and transmission quantity released after that, by pouring solution whose surface tension is changed by adjusting concentration of surfactant BDG(Butyl Di Glycol) in column From this result, it is can be determined that transmission quantity becomes less and wet area goes wider as surface tension is lower, and it is also able to be analyzed as quantity of absorbed liquid and wet area is increased because fluid permeates into the core.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2013

건축의 환경이 변하면 그에 따른 설계기준도 변하여야 한다. 방화문의 시험기준이 2005년 7월 27일 차연성 시험이 적용되면서 문틈이 기밀한 구조로 바뀌었다. 그러나 국가화재안전기준은 영국의 자료를 인용한 과거의 문틈규정을 적용함으로서 현실과 설계 규정의 차이가 오차나 안전율 이상으로 과도하다. 설계와 현실의 차이로 인하여 발생하는 결과 및 현상을 분석하고 개정되어야 할 국가화재안전기준의 누설틈새면적 계산법을 제시하고 연돌효과로 인한 방연풍속의 차이를 분석하였으며 생활패턴 및 피난패턴을 반영한 공동주택의 방연풍속 측정법에 대해 고찰하고 합리적인 측정법을 제시하였다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2014

최근 발생한 아모레퍼시픽 창고화재는 국내 랙크식 창고의 자동식소화설비 및 감지기 설치기준의 보완 및 개선의 필요성을 제시하고 있다. 물류창고는 보관물품에 따라 화재 확산율 및 열 방출비율이 다르며 저장높이, 랙크 배치, 통로폭, 물품의 양 등에 따라서 화재위험성이 결정된다. 고천정화에 따른 화재하중의 증가로 인하여 자동식 스프링클러설비가 작동하여도 가연물에 직접적인 침투효과에 한계가 있으며 화재감지기의 작동시간이 지연되어 초기소화에 실패할 확률이 높아진다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 화재사례 및 국내외 관련규정비교 그리고 현장조사 등을 수행하여 랙크식 창고의 초기소화 및 제어성능을 확보하기 위한 수용물품의 위험도 분류 및 스프링클러 설치기준 개선방향과 화재피해를 최소화하기 위한 제도적 도입을 제안한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.310-317
• /
• 2024

In this study, Aimed to develop technology to ensure the safety of firefighters responding to hydrogen incidents and to review the performance of protective super absorbent polymer (SAP) that could help maintain the thermal protection performance of equipment with protective properties. Tests were conducted, including bench-scale and full-scale thermal exposure tests, to review the protective performance of SAP using firefighting garments commonly used by firefighters. The results showed that without SAP application, 2nd degree burn areas were measured at 9.4%, and 3rd degree burn areas at 7.7%. In contrast, when SAP was applied, the percentage of 2nd degree burn areas decreased to 7% on the lower body, and there was no temperature rise causing 3rd degree burns. Therefore, it is expected that by applying SAP to the outer surface of firefighter garments, even under temporarily high temperature conditions such as hydrogen jet flames, thermal damage to firefighters could be protected for a certain period.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2006

양수발전소는 여러 발전소에서 생산되는 전력에너지를 심야시간에 남을 경우 잉여분의 전기를 이용하여 저지대의 물을 양수하여 고지대로 이동하여 필요시 물의 낙차 압력을 이용하여 전기를 재생산하는 발전 설비이다. 전국의 양수발전소는 "전원개발에 의한 특례법 제6조"로 인한 건축물대장에 미 등재로 인하여 건축물이 아닌 구조물로 분류되어 인가와 완공까지 소방행정의 참여가 배제되어 소방시설허가가 필요치 않게 되어 왔다. 따라서 향후 전국에 운영 및 시설 중에 있는 양수발전소에 유사한 화재로 인하여 똑같은 피해가 반복되지 않도록 하기 위하여 "전원 개발에 의한 특례법 제6조"의 적용에 따른 문제점과 시설의 보완 그리고 안전관리의 문제점을 개선하여 유사 피해를 최대한 막고자 한다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2020

많은 내화 및 방화 등 화재관련 법규와 기준들 중 방화문은 화재 발생 시 화재 및 연기의 확산을 막아 인명의 피해를 최소화하는 역할을 하는 중요한 시설물이다. 이에 따라 해당 법규 및 관련 시행규칙 및 고시를 통해 소요되는 성능에 대한 기준을 지속적으로 상향시켰고 필히 해당 성능을 확보하도록 한다. 하지만 관련 법규와 제도의 맹점으로 인해 방화문 시험결과 합격품조차 방화성능에 리스크가 있는 것을 확인하였다. 이에 본 연구는 내화관련 성능의 기준을 분석하고, 단순 방화성능 외에 추가적으로 다른 법에서 요구하는 성능을 확인하여 기준을 정리하고, 요구하는 복합적인 성능을 명확히 규정하고자 하였다.