• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.400-412
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• 2017

What is particularly noteworthy from Korean and foreign railway tunnel disaster prevention standards is that for the sake of rapid evacuation, more stringent standards for provision of evacuation passages, which require high cost, are being applied. Korean standards stipulate that passage installation should be determined in accordance with the level of risk through a QRA analysis of each tunnel with 1km or longer length. As, however, detailed application criteria as fire occurrence probability, fire occurrence scenario, size of fires and evaluation criteria for level of social risk are not available, additional costs may be incurred due to excessive design. Thus, standards of an appropriate level need to be established. With this backdrop, this study selects detailed application conditions of a reasonable and appropriate level through a study and analysis of relevant documents and analyzes the maximum length of tunnels to which the application of evacuation passages, or the application major evacuation promotion facilities, can be relaxed, together with a QRA analysis of model tunnels (for high speed rail) with different tunnel lengths. In addition, the QRA results on tunnels, including those on the Honam high-speed rail, and analysis results for the model tunnels, are compiled, ; the ultimate results are compared with Korean and other countries' standards related to evacuation promotion facilities, As a result, The appropriateness of application standards are reviewed. These results are expected to be utilized as basic material for establishing a reasonable disaster prevention plan that will consider safety and economies.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.568-576
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• 2015

In this study, scenarios based on the leakage of highly compressed air and fire occurrence turned out to be high risks in an operation stage of CAES facility were constructed and estimated. By combining Bernoulli equation with momentum equation, an expression to calculate an impact force of a jet flow of compressed air was derived. An impact force was found to be proportional to the square of diameter of fracture and the pressure of compressed air. Four types of fire scenarios were composed to evaluate an effects that seasonal change and location of fire source have on the spread behavior of smoke. Smoke from the fire ignited in the vicinity of CAES opening descended more quickly below the limit line of breathing than one from the fire occurred 10 m away from CAES opening, which is expected to occur due to a propagation of wave front of smoke. It was shown that a rate of smoke spread of the winter fire is faster than one of the summer fire and smoke from the winter fire spreads farther than one of the summer fire, which are dependent on the direction of air flow into access opening. Evacuation simulation indicated that the required safe evacuation time(RSET) of the summer and winter fires are 262, 670 s each.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2004

In Korea the number of forest fire occurrence and its damaged area have increased drastically and the plans for afforestation such as sound erosion control restoration and forestation have performed to restore for forest fire damaged area. In this study fire resistant forest was developed by selecting fire resistance tree species and applying GIS analysis, considering the characteristic of forest fire and location environment in forest fire damaged area along the east coast. Moreover, it showed the possibility of how spatial information technology such as virtual GIS could be applied during restoring forest fire damaged area and approaching landscape ecology researches. Especially the fire resistant forest was established by using GIS analysis against large scaled forest fires then the best forest arrangement was performed through this fire resistant forest species and 3D modeling in study area. In addition, the forest landscape was established through site index on passing years and then 3D topography and tracking simulation, which is very similar to real world, were constructed by using virtual GIS.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.673-688
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• 2023

Purpose: Fires that occur during construction are infrequent, but cause great damage. Recently, with the growth of the logistics and distribution industry, the number of construction sites for new logistics warehouses is increasing, so it was selected as a research subject and research was conducted to reduce accidents at construction sites through the development of a fire risk assessment tool to quantitatively approach fire prevention. Method: A comprehensive fire risk assessment tool was accumulated by classifying the work in progress, classifying combustibles and ignition sources by grade, excluding air (oxygen), which is difficult to control, and additionally substituting evacuation safety. Result: Using the developed and proposed fire risk evaluation tool, excavation work with low fire risk, facility construction with medium fire risk, and finishing work with high fire risk were sampled to derive the result (CGI). Conclusion: In this study, it was possible to establish specific preventive measures and evaluate evacuation safety by controlling physical conditions (combustibles) and energy conditions (ignition sources) according to the risk assessment by developing a tool that can evaluate the risk of 14fire occurrence at construction sites. It is expected that in the future, through the application of the fire risk evaluation tool at construction sites, it will be provided as a criterion for establishing a process plan that can reduce risk and evaluating the adaptability of firefighting equipment.14

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 2023

Welding and cutting, which are representative tasks in handling firearms at industrial sites, are the basis for production and maintenance processes across all industries. They are also essential in the root industry. Specifically, they are widely used in the manufacturing industry, including equipment industries such as shipbuilding, automobiles, and chemicals, and subsequent maintenance work and general facility repair. However, such hot work carries a high fire risk owing to sparks scattering and inadequate management, resulting in a high occurrence of accidents. In response, the government and relevant organizations have recently revised the Occupational Safety and Health Act to prevent accidents during hot work. These revisions impose more stringent regulations than before, which are expected to help prevent actual fire accidents. However, whether the fire observer system, which is the core element of the revision, would be practically applied and maintained is unclear. Therefore, this study compared the fire observer system in the revised Occupational Safety and Health Act with those in the laws and systems of developed countries, conducted interviews with safety and health experts to assess the suitability of the new system for fire observer operations, and improvement plans were derived accordingly. Therefore, the laws and systems of developed countries grant more authority to fire observers compared with those of Korea. Moreover, professional training in handling emergency is required. Interviews with safety and health experts revealed that regardless of company size, the same operating standards were applied, and standards for deploying fire observers in various locations were unclear. Furthermore, there was a lack of professional education and training, and the role and authority of fire observers were limited. These findings revealed a problem in this sector. The results of this study are expected to serve as basic data for establishing a practical system for placing fire observers and supplementing laws, guidelines, and systems for preventing fire accidents.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.106-108
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• 2002

Severe spotted lesions were observed on tulip plants grown in Asan, Yongin, and Icheon areas in Korea during a disease survey in 2000 and 2001. Diseased plants with severe symptoms were blighted and rotted at the late stage of disease development. A total of 15 isolates was obtained from the infected plant parts of tulip. All the isolates were identified as Botrytis tulipae based on their morphological and cultural characteristics. Three isolates of B. tulipae were tested for their pathogenicity to tulip by artificial inoculation. Spotted lesions similar to those observed in the fields were induced on tulip leaves. This is the first report of tulip fore disease caused by B. tulipae in Korea.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 1998

Arson is one of the serious crime. It shows high increasing rate compared with the past, and the causes of arson are getting diversified and specialized in this modern society. In this thesis, the actual state and tendency of arson during latest 5 years have been analyzed on the basis of 'crime analysis' which is material of the National Police Agency. Based on the above analyzed material, measures for arson in foreign countries are examined and necessary matters to counter arson in Korea are inferred.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.107-119
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• 2003

Serious damages occurred in Yeongdong area of Gangwondo by typoon Rusa in August, 2002. Therefore, this study intends to investigate and analyse the characteristics of landslide having occurred in Gangneung area. 11 sites including many features of landslide were selected and scales, soil properties and a state of vegatation of slopes were investigated. It can be concluded that rainfall intensity, the velocity of the wind, geomorphology, vegatation and forest fire etc. are considered as main factors affecting occurrence of landslides in this area.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.66-71
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• 2009

In this study, I evaluated toxicity that analyze performance of flame-retardant about flame-retardant painting wood and combustion gas that is based on the toxicity index. Processing condition of flame retardant solution and treatment method of samples didn't affect greatly to performance of flame retardant. Occurrence of combustion gas showed a almost similar result from the sample which spraying flame retardant solution and toxicity corresponds to high level, Hazard Class III, and the flame retardant solution saturation sample which makes put out Hazard Class II which is a low toxicity relatively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.113-114
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• 2014

Though polymer cement mortar is widely used to repair or reinforce concrete as it has superior adhesion, dense internal structure, chemical resistance, and workability in comparison to those of general cement mortar, studies on its behaviors in high temperature environment such as fire is urgently required. Accordingly, in this experiment, the degrees of reduction in the compressive strength at different temperatures was grasped applying ISO834 Heating Curve, and the effect of polymer content and type on compressive strength could be determined. As a result of this experiment, it is found that polymer type and content have a big effect on reduction of compressive strength in high temperature range, and not only the dynamic characteristics but also the combustion characteristics in high temperature range are required to be studied considering occurrence of a fire in the future.