• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.424-430
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• 2021

Fire localization is a key mission that must be preceded for an autonomous fire suppression system. Although studies using a variety of sensors for the localization are actively being conducted, the fire localization is still unfinished due to the high cost and low performance. This paper presents the modeling and simulation of the fire localization estimation using Bayesian estimation to determine the probabilistic location of the fire. To minimize the risk of fire accidents as well as the time and cost of preparing and executing live fire tests, a 40m × 40m-virtual space is created, where two ultraviolet sensors are simulated to rotate horizontally to collect ultraviolet signals. In addition, Bayesian estimation is executed to compute the probability of the fire location by considering both sensor errors and uncertainty under fire environments. For the validation of the proposed method, sixteen fires were simulated in different locations and evaluated by calculating the difference in distance between simulated and estimated fire locations. As a result, the proposed method demonstrates reliable outputs, showing that the error distribution tendency widens as the radial distance between the sensor and the fire increases.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.2356-2363
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• 2015

Localization of lightning strike point (LSP) in the forest is modeled to mitigate the forest fire damage. Though forest fire ignited by lightning rarely happens, its damage on the forest is grievousness. Therefore, predicting accurate location of LSP becomes crucial in order to control the forest fire. In this paper, we proposed a new hybrid localization algorithm by combining the received signal strength (RSS) and the received signal strength ratio (RSSR) to improve the accuracy by mitigating the environmental effect of lightning strike location in the forest. The proposed hybrid algorithm employs antenna theory (AT) model of cloud-to-ground (CG) return stroke lightning channel to forecast the location of the lightning strike. The obtained results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm achieves better location accuracy compared to the existing RSS method for predicting the lightning strike location considering additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) environment.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.901-920
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• 2015

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely used in geographically isolated applications like military border area monitoring, battle field surveillance, forest fire detection systems, etc. Uninterrupted power supply is not possible in isolated locations and hence sensor nodes live on their own battery power. Localization of sensor nodes in isolated locations is important to identify the location of event for further actions. Existing localization algorithms consume more energy at sensor nodes for computation and communication thereby reduce the lifetime of entire WSNs. Existing approaches also suffer with less localization coverage and localization accuracy. The objective of the proposed work is to increase the lifetime of WSNs while increasing the localization coverage and localization accuracy. A novel intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle anchor node (IUAN) is proposed to reduce the communication cost at sensor nodes during localization. Further, the localization computation cost is reduced at each sensor node by the proposed intelligent arc selection (IAS) algorithm. IUANs construct the location-distance messages (LDMs) for sensor nodes deployed in isolated locations and reach the Control Station (CS). Further, the CS aggregates the LDMs from different IUANs and computes the position of sensor nodes using IAS algorithm. The life time of WSN is analyzed in this paper to prove the efficiency of the proposed localization approach. The proposed localization approach considerably extends the lifetime of WSNs, localization coverage and localization accuracy in isolated environments.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.768-775
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• 2009

In this paper, the sound source localization system in real time which uses the time delay of arrival signal is proposed. This system uses minimum microphones and surveillance camera for estimation of the sound source localization and sound direction. To apply this system to the military field, four models(model1~model4) are derived. Model 1 can be used to evaluate the sound source localization at the long distance. Model2 and model3 can be applied to estimate the sound direction. Model4 is useful for the special purpose and potable device. It is possible for this system to be used for the military guard and surveillance. As a result of experiments, It is shown that this system can estimate the sound source localization and the sound direction using minimum microphones.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.159-160
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• 2019

선박에서 신변이상자를 신속히 발견하는 것은 안전사고로 인한 피해를 최소화하는 데 매우 중요하다. 일반적으로 실내 위치 추적 시스템을 도입하려면 선박에 새로운 인프라를 구축해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 화재경보망을 활용하여 일반적으로 스마트 기기를 지니고 있는 사람이 위험상황에 처했을 때 즉각 스마트 기기를 인식하고 위치를 파악할 수 있는 실내 위치 파악 시스템을 제안한다. 기존의 화재 감지기 및 화재 경보 시스템 제어기 등의 네트워크를 활용하기 때문에 새로운 네트워크 인프라를 구축하는 부담을 줄였다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2023

In this study, in order to establish a strategy for developing an fire following earthquake risk assessment method that can utilize domestic public databases(building datas, etc.), the method of calculating the ignition and fire-spread among the fire following earthquake risk assessment methodologies proposed by past researchers is investigated After investigating and analyzing the methodology used in the HAZUS-MH earthquake model in the United States and the fire following earthquake risk assessment methodology in Japan, based on this, a database such as a domestic building data utilized to an fire following earthquake risk assessment method suitable for domestic circumstances (planned) was suggested.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.580-585
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• 2005

A QRT(Quad-Rotor Type) hovering robot system is developed for quick detection and observation of the circumstances under calamity environment such as indoor fire spots. The UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) is equipped with four propellers driven by each electric motor, an embedded controller using a DSP, INS(Inertial Navigation System) using 3-axis rate gyros, a CCD camera with wireless communication transmitter for observation, and an ultrasonic range sensor for height control. The developed hovering robot shows stable flying performances under the adoption of RIC(Robust Internal-loop Compensator) based disturbance compensation and the vision based localization method. The UAV can also avoid obstacles using eight IR and four ultrasonic range sensors. The VTOL(Vertical Take-Off and Landing) flying object flies into indoor fire spots and sends the images captured by the CCD camera to the operator. This kind of small-sized UAV can be widely used in various calamity observation fields without danger of human beings under harmful environment.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2007

Under the situation of a fire, it is difficult for a rescue robot to use sensors such as vision sensor, ultrasonic sensor or laser distance sensor because of diffusion, refraction or block of light and sound by dense smoke. But, braille blocks that are installed for the visaully impaired at public places such as subway stations can be used as a map for autonomous mobile robot's localization and navigation. In this paper, we developed a laser sensor stan device which can detect braille blcoks in spite of dense smoke and integrated the device to the robot developed to carry out rescue mission in various hazardous disaster areas at KIST. We implemented MCL algorithm for robot's attitude estimation according to the scanned data and transformed a braille block map to a topological map and designed a nonlinear path tracking controller for autonomous navigation. From various simulations and experiments, we could verify that the developed laser sensor device and the proposed localization method are effective to autonomous tracking of braille blocks and the autonomous navigation robot system can be used for rescue under fire.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2017

The position of autonomous driving vehicle is basically acquired through the global positioning system (GPS). However, GPS signals cannot be received in tunnels. Due to this limitation, localization of autonomous driving vehicles can be made through sensors mounted on them. In particular, a 3D Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) system is used for longitudinal position error correction. Few feature points and structures that can be used for localization of vehicles are available in tunnels. Since lanes in the road are normally marked by solid line, it cannot be used to recognize a longitudinal position. In addition, only a small number of structures that are separated from the tunnel walls such as sign boards or jet fans are available. Thus, it is necessary to extract usable information from tunnels to recognize a longitudinal position. In this paper, fire hydrants and evacuation guide lights attached at both sides of tunnel walls were used to recognize a longitudinal position. These structures have highly distinctive reflectivity from the surrounding walls, which can be distinguished using LIDAR reflectivity data. Furthermore, reflectivity information of tunnel walls was fused with the road surface reflectivity map to generate a synthetic reflectivity map. When the synthetic reflectivity map was used, localization of vehicles was able through correlation matching with the local maps generated from the current LIDAR data. The experiments were conducted at an expressway including Maseong Tunnel (approximately 1.5 km long). The experiment results showed that the root mean square (RMS) position errors in lateral and longitudinal directions were 0.19 m and 0.35 m, respectively, exhibiting precise localization accuracy.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.468-474
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• 2020

덕트는 FCU에서 생산된 냉난방 공기를 각 함 내 격실로 수송하기 위한 통로로 이용되는 통풍관을 의마한다. 덕트는 일반적으로 금속재질로 제작되고 있으나, 최근 함정에서는 금속 덕트의 단점을 보완하기 위하여 전투지휘실, 조타실, 음탐기, 조종실 등 주요 격실에 대하여 소음감소효과가 뛰어나고 격실 내에 공기를 골고루 전달할 수 있는 장점을 가진 천 덕트가 대체재로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 함정용 천 덕트는 성능요구조건이 엄격하여 국내에서 생산하지 못하고 있으며 해외에서 전량 수입하고 있는 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 천 덕트는 국산화를 통해 경제적 효과를 창출하기 위하여 국내 업체에서 개발한 천 덕트에 대하여 주요성능 요구조건을 검증하여 보았다. 소음감쇄성능에 대한 자체 검증이 완료된 국산화 천 덕트에 대하여 현재 건조중인 함정에 적용 가능여부를 확인하기 위해 공기투과성능과 방화성능 시험을 수행하여 구매요구사양서에 제시된 성능요구조건 충족여부를 검증하여 보았다. 시험결과 국산화 개발된 천 덕트는 공기투과성능 요구조건과 방화성능 요구조건을 모두 만족하여 건조함정에 적용하기 위한 주요 성능조건을 충족하는 것으로 확인되었다.