• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2021

최근 주유취급소 내의 건축물에 편의점, 자동차 수리점 등의 부대시설이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 부대시설에서 화재 발생 시 고정주유기에 미치는 화재의 영향을 알아보고 현행 규정의 타당성을 검증할 필요성이 있다. 본 논문에서는 부대시설에서의 화재 시 고정주유기까지의 이격거리에 따라 미치는 복사열의 영향을 알아보는 연구를 진행하였다. FDS 5.5.3을 사용하여 화재모델링을 하였고, 화원의 크기는 실규모 화재평가 장치를 이용한 사무실의 연소실험을 통한 단위면적당 열방출율을 입력하였다. 화원과 고정주유기의 이격 거리는 '위험물안전관리법 시행규칙 별표13 주유취급소의 위치·구조 및 설비의 기준'에서 명시하는 2 m 부터 이격거리를 1 m 간격으로 늘여가며 10 m까지 화원의 크기를 Case A의 경우 512.41 kW/m², Case B의 경우 250 kW/m²로 설정하여 총 13개의 시나리오를 구성하여 연구를 진행하였다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 2 m의 이격거리는 부대시설의 화재 시에 주유기의 안전성을 확보하지 못하는 것으로 나타났으며 최소 4m 이상의 이격거리에서 복사열이 피해를 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 부대시설의 화재 발생시 복사열을 차단할 수 있는 설비가 필요하며 부대시설의 용도를 제한하거나 건축물과 고정주유기의 이격거리를 다시 제고하는 방안이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국화재조사학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.91-101
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 2005 년 8월 7 일 22시 58분경 전북 00시 00면 00리 고센농장(축사내 작업장용도 건물)에서 발생한 화재현장을 대상으로 화재조사 및 감식을 하여 그 원인을 규명하고자 하였다. 조사 결과 화재는 축사(돈사)와 같이 붙어있는 작업장용도의 공간에서 발생하였으며, 그곳엔 무쏘차량과 5톤 트럭, 페이로더를 주차시켜 놓았으며, 화재는 안쪽에 있는 무쏘차량과 5톤 트럭의 운전석부위가 소실되고, 입구 우측에 적재해 두었던 사료통 및 사일로가 탄화된 화재로 5톤 차량 옆에 주차되어있던 스키로더는 탄화되지 않은 점, 무쏘차량과 5톤 차량은 4M정도 떨어져 있었으며 각기 다른 3곳의 발화지점이 있는 점, 소유자는 3개월 전부터 금연을 하였다고 진술하였으나 현장에서 1 회용 라이터가 발견된 점, 작업장 안의 차량은 키가 꽂혀 있었고, 평소에 차량의 문을 잠그지 않았다고 진술한 점, 농장은 문이 개방되어 있고 도로에서 떨어져 있어(150M 정도) 일반인의 접근이 용이하지 않으며, 화재현장에서는 화원이 될만한 개연성을 가진 것이 식별되지 않은 점, 각각 3곳에서 단독 발화한 것이 식별된 점 등 상기 감식내용을 종합해 보면 미상의 화원에 의한 인위적인 화재(방화)로 추정된다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.67-84
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present the basic data for qualitative improvement of emergency care for emergency patient by paramedic in fire station by understanding the level of awareness and practice in prehospital and transfer step, and understanding the level of emergency care and improvement of clinical knowledge through hospital clinical training. Methods: The researchers explained the objective for 143 persons who completed hospital clinical training from June 2nd, 2006 to October 23rd, 2009 among paramedic in fire station. The questionnaire in this research consisted of 80 questions. In the reliability for the awareness of emergency patient assessment, cronbach's $\alpha$ was 0.95, and in the reliability for emergency care fulfillment, cronbach's $\alpha$ was 0.93. reliability for clinical knowledge improvement is cronbach's $\alpha=.95$, and reliability for emergency care fulfillment is cronbach's $\alpha=.82$. Collected data was analyzed through SPSS 18.0 statistics program for frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, Paired t-test, t-test, Correlation Coefficient, and internal consistency reliability was analyzed by cronbach's $\alpha$. Results: 1) The paramedic awareness and practice difference for emergency patient is statistically signification for general patient assessment(t=14.159, p=.000), trauma patient assessment(t=11.288, p=.000), internal medicine patient assessment(t=10.898, p=.000), and it shows the level of practice is lower than the level of awareness. 2) The paramedic difference between the level of awareness and practice according to whether or not they have clinical career is not signification on awareness(t=3.119, p=.125), and is high on practice(t=3.119, p=.002). 3) The correlation between paramedic awareness and the level of practice shows positive correlation(r=.61, p=.000). The higher the awareness of emergency patient assessment is, the higher the level of practice is. 4) The difference between paramedic clinical knowledge improvement and the level of emergency care practice is statistically significant(t=3.351, p=.001). 5) 89.6%(128 persons) of paramedic replied hospital clinical training experiences are helpful for field activity. 92.3%(133 persons) replied they apply well for clinical knowledge learned during hospital clinical training and emergency care skills in the field. Conclusion: Paramedic in fire station must evaluate the patient's initial assessment and activate the transfer system to the emergency department. It is necessary to develop and implement the effective education program continuously. The education program should systemize currently operated hospital clinical training. emergency disease and symptoms emergency care method, and practice mainly skill education should be progressed. In the prehospital and transfer management, high quality of medical assessment is required to the emergency medical service system. Medical direction from the doctors can feedback the paramedic continuously and continuing education must be provided to the paramedic in fire station.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제22권10호
• /
• pp.665-671
• /
• 2010

In the present study a 1D-3D numerical simulation was performed to analyze the fire safety in a rescue station of a long railroad tunnel equipped with a mechanical ventilation. The behavior of hot air was studied for the emergency operation mode of ventilation system in case of fire in the rescue station. The 1D simulation was carried out for entire tunnel region. Detailed 3D CFD simulation was performed for the rescue station area in the central region of the tunnel by using the result of the 1D simulation as the boundary condition of the 3D simulation. Various type of cross passage installation were evaluated for the prevention of smoke diffusion to suggest the optimized interval of the cross passages in the rescue tunnel.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제22권8호
• /
• pp.509-514
• /
• 2010

A numerical simulation of passenger evacuation in a subway station was performed by coupling the passenger flow analysis and the fire simulation. The algorithm of the passenger flow analysis was based on a DEM (Discrete Element Method) using the potential map of the direction vector for each passenger. This algorithm was improved in the present study as to use finer grid smaller than a passenger in order to resolve detailed geometry of the station and to resolve the behavior of passengers in the bottleneck at the ticket gate considering the collision of passengers to a wall or with other passengers. In the fire simulation, the CO distribution predicted by using CFD was used to take into account the effect of toxic gases on the passengers' mobility. The methodology proposed in the present study could be used in designing safer subway station in case of fire occurrence.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.845-856
• /
• 2017

초장대 철도터널에서는 화재 시 안전성 확보를 위해서 구난역을 설치하도록 하고 있으나, 구난역에서 제연방식 및 제연풍량에 대한 기준이나 연구결과는 없는 실정으로 제연방식과 적정풍량에 대한 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 서비스터널이나 상대터널과 연결하는 피난연결통로가 일정간격(40 m 간격)으로 설치된 구난역을 모델링하고 화재강도(15, 30 MW), 제연방식(급기만하는 경우, 강제급배기를 하는 경우, 강제배기만을 하는 경우), 제연풍량(7, 14, $40m^3/s$)을 변화시켜 화재해석을 수행하였다. 화재해석결과로 부터 구난역 승강장의 온도 및 CO농도를 분석하고 한계온도 기준 ASET을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 화재강도가 15 MW일 때에는 제연풍량이 $7m^3/s$ 이상인 경우에 강제급배기하는 방식과 강제배연을 하는 방식을 적용하면 충분히 안전한 대피환경을 확보할 수가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 화재강도가 30 MW인 경우에는 배연풍량이 $14m^3/s$ 이하에서는 900초 이상 대피환경을 유지하는 것이 불가능하며, 풍량이 $40m^3/s$일 때에는 상부덕트의 측면부에서 배기하는 경우(SA + EA2, SA + EA4)가 온도측면에서 안전성 확보에 가장 유리한 것으로 나타나고 있다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.41-55
• /
• 2016

Emergency statistics for cities and provinces are currently derived using simple results of comparative numerical data, but there is a limit to the ability to analyze and compare deviations relevant to a specific city and province. This study aims to derive various correlations through statistical analysis of emergency and rescue data for Gwangju Metropolitan City and to develop an analytical model that can be applied nationwide. With the new statistical model, further detailed analysis is possible beyond simple evaluation of rescue data, through links to other institutions and analyses using keywords from Internet portal sites and social networks. Second, a system which that can analyze data that are not shared is required. Through this system, a large amount of data can be automatically analysed in real time. Third, the results should flow back for application in various policies. A real-time monitoring and management system should be created for abnormal patterns of disease. In addition, the results should be available to tailor services for individuals, communities, or specific organizations.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2024

In this paper, as there are many cases of fires occurring due to the failure or inoperability of the thermostat of electronic products, the purpose is to test and analyze the risks and probabilities through fire cases and reproduction experiments, and suggest countermeasures. Among electronic products, water purifiers are composed of a refrigerant system with a compressor to make cold water, a heating device to make hot water, and an electric device used as an energy source. Due to the nature of the water purifier manufacturing, these devices are subject to a lot of moisture and dust. etc. exist in large quantities and use electrical energy, so there is a possibility of fire due to short circuit in the wire, electrical abnormal overheating (tracking phenomenon) in the thermostat, electronic board, starting relay, etc., and overheating of the heating device (Band Heater). there is. Therefore, in order to prevent fires from these devices, a system to remove foreign substances inside the water purifier is necessary, the use of heat-resistant (fire-resistant) wires for electrical devices is essential, and the use of non-combustible materials (semi-combustible materials) for each part is necessary to prevent fire. The risk must be eliminated through prevention and combustion expansion prevention devices.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 대피자의 최적 배연조건 확립을 위하여 CFD모델을 이용한 수치해석을 통해 지하철 승강장 내에서의 화재 시 다양한 배연조건에서의 화재 위험성을 검토하였다. 결과로 스크린도어를 설치한 경우가 설치하지 않은 경우보다 온도의 상승폭이 최대 $65.37%{\sim}74.97%$ 낮게 나타났다. 또한 급기나 압인배기시 승강장에 난류가 발생함에 따라 온도 및 연기층이 교란되어 하락됨에 따라 탈출시 위험을 유발할 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 배연용량 및 승강장 공간 설정시 배연조건에 따른 화재 특성을 고려한 설계가 필요하다.

• 한국연소학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 2012

Due to a significant leap in the science and technology, the manned space exploration that has started with suborbital flights is now being expanded into the deep space. The space superpowers such as the U.S. and Russia have been making an effort to further develop the manned space technology. Among such technologies, the fire safety technology in microgravity has recolonized as one of the most critical factors that must be considered for the manned space mission design since the realistic fire broke out onboard the Mir station in 1997. In the present study, the flame characteristics such as flame ignition, shape, spread, and extinction that are critical to understand the fire behavior under microgravity conditions are described and discussed. The absence of buoyancy in microgravity dominates the mass transport driven by diffusiophoretic and thermophorectic fluxes (that are negligible in normal gravity) and influences the overall flame characteristics-flame ignition, shape, spread, and extinction. In addition, the cabin environments of the pressurized module (PM) including the oxygen concentration, ambient pressure, and ventilation flow(which are always coupled with microgravity condition during the ISS operation) are found to be the most important aspects in characterizing the fire behavior in microgravity.