• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.159-162
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• 2008

A standard fire extinguishing tester, with which we could conduct the fire extinguishing ability rating of a water-based fire extinguishing agent such as water and loaded stream, has been developed in this work. It could help us enhancing the efficiency and reliability of the fire extinguishing test of loaded streams, and at last increasing the productivity of fire protection related firms. Furthermore, our country could take the lead in making a new standard for the fire extinguishing test of loaded streams. As a result, it is expected that loaded streams could be improved by using it. In addition the standard fire extinguishing tester could be made moderately in our industry, and supplied at home and worldwide.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.671-677
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• 2011

Steel columns used in steel buildings are inclined to lose their strength when exposed to severe fire conditions, so fire resistance is required in most countries to protect against loss of life and building collapses. In Korea, the fire resistance of columns can be obtained by the fire test defined in KS F 2257-1, 7. The fire resistance of a steel column should be evaluated in terms of the column's conditions, such as various section types (H-section, hollow-section), the column's length and boundary conditions, and whether it is fixed or hinged. However, fire testing of steel columns is usually conducted on one standard-sized H-section over 3,000 mm, and the result is used as the column's fire resistance. This is not a reasonable way to ensure that a building can withstand fire conditions. In this study, to evaluate the possibility of calculating the fire resistance of steel columns with material properties of high tensile strength of SS 400, both load-bearing fire tests and calculation of steel temperatures were carried out. The results of temperature calculation were very similar to those obtained by fire test.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.425-428
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• 2004

65% of the Korean peninsula is composed of mountainous area, 97% of which is composed of forest. Therefore, there is high possibility of mountain fire because a lot of potential inflammables such as fallen leaves are stacked on the ground. Moreover, most of the overhead transmission lines in Korea are operated on the mountain. However, there has been very little study for the effect of mountain fire on polymeric insulator for transmission line, though the study is significantly required Therefore, in this study the authors observed the deformation of the housing of the insulator under fire with respect to the ignition time, using artificial ignition testing equipment, and investigated electrical and mechanical characteristics of the insulator by dry withstand voltage test, impulse flashover test and tensile load test.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.541-550
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• 2019

An emergency generator is key equipment for fire-fighting to supply power to fire-fighting facilities, which protect property and people in cases of fire accidents. A rated load test for emergency generators must be carried out by connecting an emergency load to the generator in accordance with related regulations. However, a no-load test has been performed for emergency generators in general since serious problems can occur when the main power is cut off, including the damage of customer devices and shut down of critical loads. Therefore, this paper proposes a load test method for an emergency generator using energy storage system (ESS) without the interruption of main power. The emergency power system was also modeled based on PSCAD/EMTDC software, and a 200-kW scale ESS load test device was implemented. The simulation and test results show that the load test method is useful and practical for an emergency power supply system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.209-213
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• 2008

Recently, it increases in use of CFT(Concrete filled steel tube, below CFT) because material and method are required to be diversification and High-Performance according to increase the super-high structure. But, CFT column lose bearing capacity under fire because steel tube is exposed to outside. As a result, structure is collapsed and then it cause much damage. In case of the Europe, Japan and America, they have studied the fire-resistance performance of CFT under fire for a long time. However, it would have hardly studied it in domestic because it is much difficulty about experiment machine and cost. So it is needed base on fire-resist performance of CFT under fire. Therefore, this study dynamic specificity of stub column which made tester of stub column based on facts of strength and mixing fiber evaluated used heating and load testing machine. As a result, it is willing to propose fundamental data for quick and accurate diagnosis of deteriorated concrete structure by fire damage with experiment according to the design high strength concrete.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.327-329
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• 2012

The validity of the numerical model used in the program is established by comparing the prediction from the computer program with results from full-scale fire resistance tests. Details of fire resistance experiments carried out on reinforced concrete slab, together with results, are presented. The results obtained from experimental test indicated in that the proposed numerical model and the implemented codes are accurate and reliable.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.273-280
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• 2015

In this study, tests were carried out to find out a method to ensure the fire resistance performance of high-performance non-refractory coating CFT columns. For the high performance concrete fabrication with 100MPa, blast furnace slag(BS) and steel and nylon fibers were used. It was found that the partial replacement with BS improved the fire resistance performance of the concrete. Based on the results of lab tests, the large fire test was conducted. For this test, the CFTs with the size of ${\phi}500{\times}4,200mm$ and the reinforcement of SS 400 steel were prepared and they were subjected to a loading condition. It was found that as the level of load increased, the level of fire resistance decreased. For example, In with the loading condition of 2000kN the CFT could resist the fire for over 240 minutes, whereas, with the loading condition of 3,000kN and 4000kN applying to equivalent CFTs, the resisting time against fire were 184 minutes, and 120 minutes, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.473-480
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• 2009

The 180 minutes fire test based on the standard curve of ISO-834 were conducted on three RC column specimens with different constant axial loading ratios to evaluate the fire performance of fiber cocktail (polypropylene+steel fiber) reinforced high strength concrete column. The columns were tested under three loading levels as 40%, 50%, and 61% of the design load. No explosive spalling has been observed and the original color of specimen surface has been changed to light pinkish grey. The maximum axial displacements of three specimens were 1.5~2.2 mm. There was no reduction in load bearing capacity of each specimen exposed to fire and no effect were observed on the fire performance within 61% of the design load. The tendencies of the results with loading, such as the temperature distribution of in concrete and the changes in temperature rise due to the water vaporization in concrete, are very similar to those without loading. The final temperatures of steel rebar after 180 minutes of fire test resulted in 491.4${^{\circ}C}$ for corner rebar, 329.0${^{\circ}C}$ for center rebar, and 409.8${^{\circ}C}$ for total mean of steel rebar. The difference of mean temperature between corner and center rebar was 153.7${^{\circ}C}$ㅍ. The tendency of temperature rise in concrete and steel rebar changed after 30~50 minutes from the starting time of the fire test because the heat energy influx into corner rebar is larger than that into center rebar. The cause of decrease in temperature rise was due to the water vaporization in concrete, the lower temperature gradient of the concrete with steel and polypropylene fiber cocktails, the moisture movement toward steel rebars and the moisture clogging.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.323-334
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• 2014

In this paper, experimental program and associated numerical study were carried out to evaluate the fire resistance of unprotected concrete-filled rectangular steel tubular (CFT) columns subjected to the standard fire. The key testing parameters included the length effect, the load ratio, and the sectional dimensions of the CFT columns. Temperature distribution and axial deformation of the CFT column specimens were measured and analyzed. Rather early local buckling of steel tubes was observed in all the specimens. This caused subsequent load transfer from steel tube to concrete, and eventually triggered concrete crushing, or complete loss of the load bearing capacity of the column. This implies that the limit state of local buckling as well as overall flexural buckling should be incorporated in fire design procedure. As expected, the fire resistance time of specimen with higher load ratio consistently lessened. The prediction of fire resistance time of unprotected CFT columns based on the limiting steel temperature in current design codes or the formula proposed by previous studies is slightly conservative compared to the fire test results available. To establish the finite element analysis model that can be used to predict the thermal and structural behaviour of unprotected CFT columns in fire, the fully coupled thermal-stress analysis was also tried by using the commercial code ABAQUS. The numerical results showed a reasonable global correlation with the experimental results.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.521-537
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• 2012

In this study, an experimental study is performed to understand the effect of spalling on the structural behavior of fire damaged steel reinforced high strength concrete (SRHSC) columns, and the test results of temperature distributions and the displacements at elevated temperature are analyzed. Toward this goal, three long columns are tested to investigate the effect of various test parameters on structural behavior during the fire, and twelve short columns are tested to investigate residual strength and stiffness after the fire. The test parameters are mixture ratios of polypropylene fiber (0 and 0.1 vol.%), magnitudes of applied loads (concentric loads and eccentric loads), and the time period of exposure to fire (0, 30, 60 and 90 minutes). The experimental results show that there is significant effect of loading on the structural behaviors of columns under fire. The loaded concrete columns result more explosive spalling than the unloaded columns under fire. In particular, eccentrically loaded columns are severely spalled. The temperature distributions of the concrete are not affected by the loading state if there is no spalling. However, the loading state affects the temperature distributions when there is spalling occurred. In addition, it is found that polypropylene fiber prevents spalling of both loaded and unloaded columns under fire. From these experimental findings, an equation of predicting residual load capacity of the fire damaged column is proposed.