• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2020

Objective: The study was conducted to establish a relationship between inclusion level of Vachellia tortilis (V. tortilis) leaf meal and time spent on different behavioral activities by finishing pigs. Methods: A total of forty-eight male Large White×Landrace finishing pigs with a mean (±standard deviation) body weight of 63.8±3.28 kg aged 14 wks were assigned to individual pens in a completely randomized design. Pigs were fed on diets containing 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 g/kg dry matter of V. tortilis leaf meal ad libitum with fresh water provided throughout the trial. There were eight pigs in each experimental diet. The behavior of pigs was observed for three wks twice a wk from 0600 to 1800 h using six closed circuit television cameras. Results: Increasing levels of V. tortilis leaf meal caused a linear decrease (p<0.05) in time spent eating, lying down and the number of visit to the feeder. Time spent standing and biting objects increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing inclusion level of V. tortilis leaf meal. The was a negative linear relationship (p<0.05) between condensed tannins versus time spent eating, lying down and number of feeder visits. Condensed tannins showed a positive linear relationship (p<0.05) with time spent standing and biting objects. Neutral detergent fiber caused a linear decrease (p<0.05) in number of feeder visits, time spent eating, time spent standing. Conclusion: Inclusion level of V. tortilis leaf meal reduces time spent eating, lying down and the number of feeder visit while prolonging time spent standing and biting of objects. Condensed tannins and dietary fiber are among nutritional factors affecting behavioral activities displayed by finishing pigs.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2001

To find out the effect of burn out print finishing for better quality of fabric, examined processing which could make less damages on the fiber because the biggest problem is remained fibers damage after burn out print finishing. Fiber damage examined to the condition of finishing material NaHSO$_4$and H$_2$SO$_4$, 3~10min., 100~13$0^{\circ}C$, glycerin. The fiber damages evaluated the break strength and the surface condition by SEM. Among satin, pile fabric which remained fiber is silk, warp knitted fabric which remained fiber is polyester, the fibers damage level were warp knitted fabric$0^{\circ}C$, glycerin and for 6 minutes by NaHSO$_4$. When carbonized by 20%. 50% and 70% to express textile design, carbonizing rate was not effect on the fiber damage very much. There was almost no damages with glycerine, and almost no damages during 3~6minutes fixation time, 10$0^{\circ}C$ steaming heat fixation by NaHSO$_4$and H$_2$SO$_4$. Without glycerine, there were damage by hydrolysis on polyesters surface and the fiver was broken by fixation time.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.555-564
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• 2005

본 연구는 비육돈에 대한 황토의 주성분인 zeolite의 첨가효과를 구명하기 위하여 증체량, 사료요구율, 육질, 악취제거 및 경제성 등을 조사하였으며 생후 93일령의 비육돈 120두(4처리$\time$3반복$\time$10두)를 공시하여 출하시까지 70일간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 일당증체량은 비육돈 전기의 경우 zeolite 4% 첨가구가 1.00kg으로서 대조구의 0.8kg에 비하여 약 25%로 크게 향상되었다(P<0.05). 그러나 비육돈 후기의 일당 증체량은 대조구(0.78kg)를 포함한 모든 처리구에서 0.74-0.83kg으로서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 사료요구율은 시험 전기간 동안 대조구에서는 3.43으로서 가장 높았으며, 그 다음은 zeolite 1%구와 2%로서 각각 3.24와 3.13이었으며 zeolite 3% 첨가구는 3.00으로서 약 7.4%의 개선효과가 나타났다(P<0.05). 시험 전기간 동안의 $NH_3$ 가스 발생량은 zeolite 4% 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 약 33.9-53.9%의 개선효과가 나타났다(P<0.05). 도체중과 등지방 두께는 대조구와 zeolite 첨가구 간에 차이가 없었으며, A등급 출현율은 zeolite 4% 첨가구가 60.00%로서 대조구의 36.67%에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 경제성 분석 결과, 증체 kg당 사료비는 zeolite 4% 첨가구는 910원, 2% 첨가구는 919원, 1% 첨가구는 941원 및 대조구는 982원으로서 zeolite를 4% 첨가함으로써 개선효과가 크게 나타났다. 이상의 결과, 비육돈에 대하여 zeolite를 4% 수준으로 첨가․급여하면 사료요구율, 육질 A등급 출현율, 분내 암모니아가스 발생량 및 경제성면에서 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2004

Alkaline treatment gives Sea-Island type yam to produce microfiber and silk-like touch. But this treatment have some problems in dyeing and finishing process. To solve some problem occurred in dyeing and finishing of polyester fabric, the ultrasonic treatment technique was used recently. This study was carried out to confirm the effect of the ultrasonic treatment on alkaline weight loss finishing of polyester fiber under general alkaline treatment conditions; NaOH concentration 2, 3, 4, and 5％, treatment time 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes, treatment temperature 70, 80, 90, and 99'E, respectively. On the other hand, the three way lay out method was used to test of significant obtained data from alkaline treatment. It was found that weight loss increased with increasing the NaOH concentration, temperature, and time. Also, in case of PET/Co-PET fabrics by ultrasonic, weight loss and dissolution of microfiber were superior to PET/Co-PET fabrics without ultrasonic. Tensile strength and modulus decreased with increasing NaOH concentrations and hydrolysis time. Therefore, the effect of alkali hydrolysis by ultrasonic application was better than that of the conventional method.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2004

When the cotton/polyester fiber mixed fabrics were treated with ferrous sulfate and oxalic acid for burn out finishing, it was examined how the effects of process conditions as concentration of burn out agents, temperature, time and pressure act onto the properties of polyester ground fabrics. The results are as follows. The effect of burn out finishing by pressure was greated in 3 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The properties as white index and tensile strength of polyester ground fabrics were decreased according as processing concentration, temperature time increases. The shrinkage was increased according as processing concentration, temperature time increases. The optimum condition of burn out agents to ferrous sulfate was 30% concentration, 150$^{\circ}C$, 1 min, 3 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and to oxalic acid was 10% concentration, 110$^{\circ}C$, 1min, 3 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$. And the optimum of ferrous sulfate and oxalic acid used in combination was 10% ferrous sulfate and 7% oxalic acid, 110$^{\circ}C$, 1 min., 3 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.129-130
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• 2022

This study is conducted to identify improvements in the setting time estimation system through the Mock-up test of the finishing automation system and the setting estimation system. As a result of the study, it is necessary to adjust the spring strength of the setting time estimator and the diameter and length of the estimation needle so that the value of the hardness can be measured from 15HD to around 40HD.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2010

Super high-rise mixed use buildings require a longer period for construction. Especially finishing work takes up about 40% of the whole construction period. Thus, finishing work is becoming an important factor in determining the construction period along with earth work and frame work. As the expected returns added by the reduction of the period and cost in constructing super high-rise mixed use buildings are huge, the expectations are now increasing for the possible gains. In this respect, as the period of finishing work is easier to be shortened than that of frame work, the efforts to acquire the technical knowledge to reduce the finishing work period are now being required. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed at suggesting the basic data for designing an economic plan for finishing-work procedure by analyzing the productivity of each work type of finishing work procedure on the basis of the execution and results of a construction method as a time-flexible finishing work plan. For this, we categorized the work types of finishing work procedure into each work unit and provided a work-system for each of them. Also, with case studies, we calculated the detailed amounts of the work-loads, required materials, productivity, and productivity index of the main work types of finishing work procedure and each of their separate work units as well as analyzed the relationship between the value results to suggest a better way to improve its productivity.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.779-782
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• 2000

An internal finishing process by the application of magnetic abrasive machining has been developed as a new technology to obtain a fine inner surface of pipe. In this paper, the finishing process of a non-ferromagnetic pipe by a static magnetic field method is introduced and its finishing characteristics is discussed with effective factors by various experiments. From these experimental results, it is found that the proper suppling quantity of magnetic abrasives per diameter of pipe is important, and the inner surface roughness of pipe is not changed much after certain critical finishing time. As a result of this investigation the 3.2$\mu$m Rmax in inner surface roughness of stainless steel pipe is improved to 0.7$\mu$m Rmax after 6 minutes finishing.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.60-73
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• 2023

The need for adopting automation technologies to improve inefficiencies in interior finishing modeling work is increasing during the Building Information Modeling (BIM) design stage. As a result, the use of visual programming languages (VPL) for practical applications is growing. However, undefined or incorrect space designations in BIM models can hinder the development of automated finishing modeling processes, resulting in erroneous corrections and rework. To address this challenge, this study first developed a rule-based automated interior finishing detailing module for floors, walls, and ceilings. In addition, an automated space integrity checking module with 86.69% ACC using the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model was developed. These modules were integrated into a design automation module for interior finishing, which was then verified for practical utility. The results showed that the automation module reduced the time required for modeling and integrity checking by 97.6% compared to manual work, confirming its utility in assisting BIM model development for interior finishing works.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2014

Building has been deteriorated gradually owing to geographic, physical complex and other factors. School living condition has a key role to improve the learning ability, life attitude and qualifications to adopt to social life. Therefore, it is important for school environment to keep the living condition. Repair time and scope of school facilities are required to maintain the function and performance to plan the long term repair. But there are little information about the school maintenance such as repair time and function. In this paper, it aimed at providing the service life to suggest the repair time and scope in the roof-proofing and floor finishing which used the three estimation method in probabilistic approach. The service life has a key role to decide the repair time and to make the plan for the repair maintenance. Results of this study are as follows ; First, the 1st repair time were taken through three methods in probabilistic and deterministic functions to eliminate the estimation bias. Second, the service life is suggested 36 years of an elementary school, 34 years of a middle school and 41 years of a high school. Third, the service life of a floor finishing is 43 years of an elementary, 39 years of a middle school and 41 years of a high school. The above study could not include the detailed information about the materials and repair works. Therefore it needs a further study to reflect the detailed information and to make a repair strategy.