• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.819-826
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• 2021

This study aims to determine the impact of product consumption strategy and financial autonomy on the competitiveness of technology firms in Vietnam. This study employs panel data of 27 technology firms collected from listed financial statements of the business for the period (2010-2019). The study also uses some indicators reflecting the macroeconomic situation of the economy collected from the World Bank. Instead of Exploratory Factor Analysis which has been used before, the study uses the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) estimation as the main method. The FGLS corrects the variance changes and autocorrelation on the dataset of these Vietnamese technology firms. The results reveal that the strategy of product consumption and financial autonomy positively affect the competitiveness of technology firms. These are also two core factors of the technology industry, which have a strong impact on the increase in the competitiveness of firms. The findings of this study suggest that technology firms do not need to invest in many long-term assets, but mainly in short-term assets in order to quickly respond to the strategies for consuming new technology products of the business. In addition, the increase in Gross Domestic Product per capita also positively affects the increase in the competitiveness of technology firms.

• 분석과 대안
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.5-37
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• 2020

In the 2000s, financial exclusion of low-income people emerged as a major social problem in South Korea. Microcredit business was first introduced by NGOs to help the poor overcome poverty while the Korean government soon chose to initiate microcredit policies to assist financially marginalized low-income people as a key policy measure to alleviate social inequality and revitalize economy. Unlike the initial expectation that state intervention in microcredit industry would be more effective, the outcome has been much less impressive. This paper aims to examine the poor performance of state-led microcredit in South Korea during the period of Lee Myung-bak administration by employing the concepts of state autonomy and capacity. It finds that the state autonomy, a key characteristic of a developmental state, was high in the sense that the funds had been raised in the face of strong resistance from private financial institutions. Lack of state capacity such as low technocratic expertise and politicization of microcredit policy, however, turned out to be a major stumbling block to the state-led microcredit in South Korea. This study shows that although the Korean government still has strong willingness to intervene in the financial market even in the face of interest groups' opposition, the eventual success of state action largely depends on its capacity to effectively implement financial policies.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.465-474
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• 2020

This study investigates how financial resources and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) may influence the performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Twenty-seven interviews were conducted and evaluated using the method of GABEK® (A GAnzheitliche BEwältigung von Komplexität - holistic processing of complexity). The research demonstrated that access to financial resources has significantly mediated EO's effect on the SMEs' performance. The study found that financial autonomy, enhanced through both personal financing and availability of external finance sources, plays a central role in supporting the EO dimension of autonomy and enhancing the SMEs' performance. In particular, the other EO dimension of risk-taking is stymied by lack of funds with which to take commercial and market opportunities. However, when an innovation strategy is pursued and adopted, access to finance can be facilitated, either through financial institutions or through other governmental funding programs attracting high potential innovators. Furthermore, financial barriers, difficulties accessing bank financing, and legal issues have a detrimental impact on SMEs' growth. The study has implications for policy-makers in the UAE, specifically in terms of sending a signal for lending institutions to consider strategies that provide access to affordable financial services to satisfy SMEs' needs.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2022

The efficiency of the regional fiscal policy implementation is based on the achievement of target criteria in the formation and distribution of own financial resources of local budgets, reducing their deficit and reducing dependence on transfers. It is also relevant to compare the development of financial autonomy of regions in the course of decentralisation of fiscal relations. The study consists in the cluster analysis of the effectiveness of fiscal policy implementation in the context of 24 regions and the capital city of Kyiv (except for temporarily occupied territories) under conditions of fiscal decentralisation. Clustering of the regions of Ukraine by 18 indicators of fiscal policy implementation efficiency was carried out using Ward's minimum variance method and k-means clustering algorithm. As a result, the regions of Ukraine are grouped into 5 homogeneous clusters. For each cluster measures were developed to increase own revenues and minimize dependence on official transfers to increase the level of financial autonomy of the regions. It has been proved that clustering algorithms are an effective tool in assessing the effectiveness of fiscal policy implementation at the regional level and stimulating further expansion of financial decentralisation of regions.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Improving the quality of school education is one of the key policy concerns in Korea. This paper examines whether providing schools with adequate autonomy and incentives can meet the policy goals by looking at a recent policy reform in Korea. In 2009, the Korean government granted autonomy to certain private high schools on the condition that no financial subsidies would be provided to the schools. Because the autonomous private high schools cannot receive a subsidy, they have a strong incentive to meet parental demands because schools failing to meet these demands will lose students and will have to close. Applying the value-added model to longitudinal data at the student level, I find that students entering these autonomous schools show faster growth in their academic achievement than their peers in traditional non-autonomous schools. These results suggest that providing schools with autonomy and incentives can be a useful policy tool for improving school education.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.112-123
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• 2014

본 논문은 천안시 공무원들의 인식조사를 통해 지방자치단체의 재정건전성 확보방안을 마련하는데 목적이 있다. 선행연구를 분석해본 결과, 지방정부의 재정건전성은 자치단체를 둘러싸고 있는 사회, 경제, 인구, 정치 등 다양한 요인들에 의해 복합적으로 영향을 받고 있음을 발견하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 자치단체의 재정실태관련 지표, 재정건전성 관련 지표, 재정건전성을 높이기 위한 지표를 도출했다. 천안시의 재정 건전성을 확보하기 위해서는 재정운영의 효율성을 높여야 한다. 재정운영 효율성을 높이기 위해서는 지역주민의 재정감시 및 통제 장치 마련, 투자심사분석제도 활성화 등이 필요하다. 또한 효율적인 채무관리를 위해서는 자치단체의 자율적인 통제기능이 강화되어야 한다. 지방 재정의 확충을 위해 국고보조사업의 지방비 부담을 인하해야하며, 사용료 요율의 현실화가 필요하다. 지방재정운영의 발전은 중앙정부, 지방정부, 지역주민의 연계망 속에서 자율과 통제의 조화 통해 이루어져야 한다. 또한 계획수립-자원배분-평가-환류시스템을 체계적으로 구축하여 재원이 실질적으로 주민복지향상 및 지역개발투자에 배분될 수 있도록 해야 한다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.69-90
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• 2002

This paper investigates the determinants of the firm's decision to carry out innovative activities in terms of the resource-based view(RBV) in strategic management. Two types of resources are distinguished: tangible(financial autonomy, firm size, capital intensity) and intangible(human resource, entrepreneurship, and commercial resource). R&D intensity and patent statistics are used as proxies for innovative activity. Specific hypotheses about their effect on the probability of a firm carrying out innovative activities are derived and tested on a sample of 337 listed firms in Korean manufacturing industry for the year 1999, using the logistic regression model. Empirical findings suggest that firm size and human resource are the main determinants of firm's internal innovative activities. The results show that the hypotheses concerning financial autonomy, debt ratio, capital intensity, entrepreneurship, and commercial resource are rejected.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.157-172
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• 2024

Purpose: Ensuring prompt and consistent 119 emergency services for all citizens is crucial and requires every region to adhere to prescribed deployment standards Methods: This study assessed the compliance with 119 emergency resource deployment standards in 229 districts (si-gun-gu) by analyzing data from 18 fire headquarters as of December 31, 2022. Results: At the Sigun-gu level, 16 areas (7%) did not meet the fire station standards. Among the 229 si-gun-gu, 25 (10.9%) failed operational ambulance standards, and 114 (49.8%) did not meet the 119 first responder standards. Areas lacking fire station standards had lower financial self-sufficiency and higher elderly and single-person elderly household proportions (p<.05). Areas not meeting ambulance standards had lower proportions of these populations, but higher financial self-sufficiency. In addition, areas that did not meet the 119 first-responder standards had greater financial autonomy (p<.05). Areas meeting only basic fire station standards had higher proportions of elderly and single-person households and lower financial self-sufficiency. Areas meeting only ambulance standards had lower financial autonomy, whereas those meeting only emergency medical technician standards had lower financial self-sufficiency and a higher elderly proportions (p<.05). Conclusion: Si-gun-gu, with a large elderly population and poor finances, often fails to meet fire station standards and meets only the basic criteria. Continuous monitoring and targeted management are crucial for reducing disparities in 119 resource allocation and improving the overall deployment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.275-286
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• 2020

The study explores factors that affect the performance of responsibility accounting at public universities in Vietnam. The study conducted a survey of 130, out of 154 public universities in Vietnam and uses regression analysis methods. The results identify eight groups of factors affecting the performance of responsibility accounting at these establishments of higher education: Division of the organization into responsibility centers, Estimation and Reality, Cost and income allocation, University autonomy, Management decentralization, Estimation, Reward, and Report. Costs and income allocation for responsibility centers, university autonomy, and the division of universities into responsibility centers are shown to significantly affect the performance of public universities in Vietnam. The results show that the performance of responsibility accounting at public universities in Vietnam is influenced by decentralization of management, division of the organization into responsibility centers, reward, cost and income allocation, estimation, evaluation of the results achieved between the estimation compared with reality, release of reports and university autonomy. Among the factors, cost and income allocation, university autonomy, division of the organization into responsibility centers, reward and evaluation of results achieved between estimation and reality have strong impacts. The study findings also indicate that the school council does not affect responsibility accounting at these universities.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2014

지방분권은 국가와 지방자치단체의 권한과 책임을 합리적으로 배분하는 것으로 본 논문은 한국형 분권국가 추진을 위해 우선, 분권화와 관련된 선행연구를 고찰하였다. 다음으로 학자나 전문가를 대상으로 지방분권 정도의 평가와 분권방향 등을 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 지방분권을 위한 과제를 도출하였다. 지방분권 과제는, 첫째, 조직구성의 자율성 확대이다. 지방자치단체의 조직구성은 지방의 직무의 내용에 따라 정해지는 것이 바람직하다. 둘째, 인사운영(정원운영)의 자율권 확보이다. 지방자치단체의 정원과 인력관리는 중앙이 획일적으로 통제하기보다는 지방이 주체적으로 처리하는 것이다. 또한 이에 대한 견제와 감독은 당해 지방의회와 시민단체, 지역 주민에게 맡기는 것이 필요하다. 셋째, 재정분권 확대이다. 재정분권 확대는 우선, 자치재정권의 확충으로 법률이 정하는 범위 내에서 조례에 의해 자율적으로 세율을 결정할 수 있어야 한다. 다음으로 국세의 지방세 전환을 통한 재정분권 확대 등이 필요하다. 또한 재정분권의 확대를 위해 지방소득세와 지방소비세의 확대가 필요하다. 지방분권은 어느 한 분야의 분권으로 이루어지는 것이 아니고 조직, 인사, 재정 등 다양한 분야의 기능을 이양하는 등 많은 노력이 필요하다.