• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제29권2E호
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• pp.86-99
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• 2010

This paper analyzes the performance of various single channel speech enhancement algorithms when they are applied to automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems as a preprocessor. The functional modules of speech enhancement systems are first divided into four major modules such as a gain estimator, a noise power spectrum estimator, a priori signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimator, and a speech absence probability (SAP) estimator. We investigate the relationship between speech recognition accuracy and the roles of each module. Simulation results show that the Wiener filter outperforms other gain functions such as minimum mean square error-short time spectral amplitude (MMSE-STSA) and minimum mean square error-log spectral amplitude (MMSE-LSA) estimators when a perfect noise estimator is applied. When the performance of the noise estimator degrades, however, MMSE methods including the decision directed module to estimate a priori SNR and the SAP estimation module helps to improve the performance of the enhancement algorithm for speech recognition systems.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.526-534
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• 2008

This paper presents a fully integrated 0.13 ${\mu}m$ CMOS MB-OFDM UWB transmitter chain (mode 1). The proposed transmitter consists of a low-pass filter, a variable gain amplifier, a voltage-to-current converter, an I/Q up-mixer, a differential-to-single-ended converter, a driver amplifier, and a transmit/receive (T/R) switch. The proposed T/R switch shows an insertion loss of less than 1.5 dB and a Tx/Rx port isolation of more than 27 dB over a 3 GHz to 5 GHz frequency range. All RF/analog circuits have been designed to achieve high linearity and wide bandwidth. The proposed transmitter is implemented using IBM 0.13 ${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The fabricated transmitter shows a -3 dB bandwidth of 550 MHz at each sub-band center frequency with gain flatness less than 1.5 dB. It also shows a power gain of 0.5 dB, a maximum output power level of 0 dBm, and output IP3 of +9.3 dBm. It consumes a total of 54 mA from a 1.5 V supply.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.995-1000
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• 2016

무작위 발생된 심볼 집합과 최대 상호 코렌트로피 (maximum cross-correntropy) 로 설계된 MCC 알고리듬은 최소자승평균 (MSE) 기반 알고리듬과 달리, 충격성 잡음 하에서 최적 가중치가 동요 없이 안정을 유지하며 그 요인이 오차 전력에 따라 입력의 세기를 조절하는 입력 크기 조정기 (input magnitude controller, IMC)에 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이 논문에서는 스텝사이즈를 정규화한 알고리듬 (normalized MCC, NMCC)를 제안하였으며 여기서 IMC 통과된 신호 전력은 1-pole 저역 통과 필터로 반복적 추정한다. 두 가지 다중경로 채널 모델과 충격성 잡음 환경에서 시행된 시뮬레이션 결과, 정규화된 NMCC알고리듬은 MCC알고리듬에 비해 정상상태 MSE에서 1 dB 정도의 성능 향상을, 수렴 속도에서도 500 샘플 정도 빠른 성능을 나타냈다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2003

본 논문은 우리나라의 지상파 디지털 TV방식인 ATSC (Advanced Television System Committee) 8-VSB (Vestigial Sideband) 시스템의 수신부 가운데 등화부에 해당되는 DFE (Decision Feedback Equalizer)에 관한 것으로서, DFE 구조의 전반적인 개요와 블라인드 알고리즘에 대한 성능 분석결과를 서술한다. 특히, 다중경로, 도플러 천이(Doppler Shift), 건물 벽에 의한 신호의 감쇄 등의 영향으로 수신이 어려운 실내수신 환경에서의 수신 성능개선을 위해 최적화된 등화기의 구조를 제시하고, 등화기와 TCM(Trellis Coded Modulation)연동방법 및 필터계수 초기화 알고리즘 등을 구현한 후 모의 실험을 통한 성능 분석결과를 제시한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.452-456
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• 2011

Context-awareness system can provide an optimized services to users. Analyzing physical and complex circumstance elements which give direct or indirect influence to users can tell what users want. However, there are various situation informations around users and it requires high level technology to extract the service what users really want among those informations. The circumstance of the user can be changed from moment to moment, even the service what users want also can be changed in every minutes. Recently the researches to provide the service which a user demands has been progressed actively. Web based filtering method which reaches commercialization is a one of good examples. This method extracts necessary data according to users' demands from the documents on the Web or multimedia informations. However, there is a limit to use it to provide Context-awareness service because it extracts static data, not dynamic data. There is also other researches with a rule based filtering method in progress to filter situation information but this method doesn't have mechanism for dynamic data as well. We would like to solve these problems by providing a dynamic situation information filtering mechanism applying an weighted value about each property of objects and also applying Web based dynamic categories in this paper when unnecessary data should be filtered.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2015

In this paper, object-based classification of urban areas based on a combination of information from lidar and aerial images is introduced. High resolution images are frequently used in automatic classification, making use of the spectral characteristics of the features under study. However, in urban areas, pixel-based classification can be difficult since building colors differ and the shadows of buildings can obscure building segmentation. Therefore, if the boundaries of buildings can be extracted from lidar, this information could improve the accuracy of urban area classifications. In the data processing stage, lidar data and the aerial image are co-registered into the same coordinate system, and a local maxima filter is used for the building segmentation of lidar data, which are then converted into an image containing only building information. Then, multiresolution segmentation is achieved using a scale parameter, and a color and shape factor; a compactness factor and a layer weight are implemented for the classification using a class hierarchy. Results indicate that lidar can provide useful additional data when combined with high resolution images in the object-oriented hierarchical classification of urban areas.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2018

In recent years, with the development of automobile technology, smart system technology that assists safe driving has been developed. A camera is installed on the front and rear of the vehicle as well as on the left and right sides to detect and warn of collision risks and hazards. Beyond the technology of simple black-box recording via cameras, we are developing intelligent systems that combine various computer vision technologies. However, most related studies have been developed to optimize performance in laboratory-like environments that do not take environmental factors such as weather into account. In this paper, we propose a method to detect object by restoring visibility in image with degraded image due to weather factors such as fog. First, the image quality degradation such as fog is detected in a single image, and the image quality is improved by restoring using an intermediate value filter. Then, we used an adaptive feature extraction method that removes unnecessary elements such as noise from the improved image and uses it to recognize objects with only the necessary features. In the proposed method, it is shown that more feature points are extracted than the feature points of the region of interest in the improved image.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2019

We investigated the application of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) coatings to fabricate a glass lens manufactured using a glass molding process (GMP). In this work, ta-C coatings with different thickness (50, 100, 150 and 200 nm) were deposited on a tungsten carbide (WC-Co) mold using the X-bend filter of a filtered cathode vacuum arc. The effects of thickness on mechanical and tribological properties of the coating were studied. These ta-C coatings were characterized by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nano-indentation measurements, Raman spectrometry, Rockwell-C tests, scratch tests and ball on disc tribometer tests. The nano-indentation measurements showed that hardness increased with an increase in coating thickness. In addition, the G-peak position in the Raman spectra analysis was right shifted from 1520 to $1586cm^{-1}$, indicating that the $sp^3$ content increased with increasing thickness of ta-C coatings. The scratch test showed that, compared to other coatings, the 100-nm-thick ta-C coating displayed excellent adhesion strength without delamination. The friction test was carried out in a nitrogen environment using a ball-on-disk tribometer. The 100-nm-thick ta-C coating showed a low friction coefficient of 0.078. When this coating was applied to a GMP, the life time, i.e., shot counts, dramatically increased up to 2,500 counts, in comparison with Ir-Re coating.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1424-1430
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 영상에 존재하는 잡음의 특성을 고려하여 AWGN을 제거하기 위한 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘은 출력 계산을 위해 블록 매칭을 사용하였으며, 센터 마스크와 매칭 마스크의 유사도 판별하여 추정치를 계산한다. 필터의 출력은 추정치와 입력 화소값을 가감하여 계산하며, 센터 마스크의 표준 편차와 잡음 상수에 따라 가중치를 부여하여 최종 출력을 구한다. 제안하는 알고리즘을 평가하기 위해 기존 방법들과 비교하여 시뮬레이션하였으며, 확대영상 및 PSNR비교를 통해 분석하였다. 제안한 알고리즘은 잡음의 영향을 최소화하였으며, 영상의 중요 특성을 보존하며 효율적으로 잡음을 제거하는 성능을 보였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2022

Among the parts assembled in the gas receiver of a marine engine, the titanium alloy stainless steel (STS 316Ti) wire mesh serving as a filter was broken, and the related part, the turbine fan of the turbocharger, was damaged. In this study, a sample of the grid wire mesh was collected and the cause of breakage was analyzed, and a method of minimizing the dent mark caused by the mold during wire forming, which is one of the most direct causes, was studied. In addition, the optimum mold shape was realized through FEM simulation, and the wire wave molding machine capable of controlling the speed was improved by supplementing the problems of the existing wire wave molding machine, thereby improving durability with minimal dent marks.