• Advanced Composite Materials
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.207-221
• /
• 2007

The filling process of resin injection/compression molding (I/CM) can be divided into injection and compression phases. During the resin injection the mold is kept only partially closed and thus a gap is present between the reinforcements and the upper mold. The gap results in preferential flow path. After the gap is filled with the resin, the compression action initiates and forces the resin to penetrate into the fiber preform. In the present study, the resin flow in the gap is simplified by using the Stokes approximation, while Darcy's law is used to calculate the flow field in the fiber mats. Results show that most of the injected resins enter into the gap during the injection phase. The resin injection time is extremely short so the duration of the filling process is determined by the final closing action of the mold cavity. Compared with resin transfer molding (RTM), I/CM process can reduce the mold filling time or injection pressure significantly.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.269-272
• /
• 2005

For the three decades, the mold-filling of injection molding process was modeled as Hele-Shaw model. However, this model can not consider the 3D effect. In this paper, numerical simulations of three dimensional mold-filling during the filling phase were performed. The governing equations were discretized by segregated finite element method, which used equal order interpolation for pressure and velocity fields. The iterative linear equation solver (JCG, SOR) was employed for the solution of the momentum and pressure equations. Volume of Fluid (VOF) was employed for the melt front advancement. To check the validity of the numerical results, the results were compared with the experimental ones. The agreements between the experiment and the numerical results were found to be satisfactory.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제56권11호
• /
• pp.822-828
• /
• 2018

P-type Ce/Yb-filled skutterudites were synthesized, and their charge transport and thermoelectric properties were investigated with partial double filling and charge compensation. In the case of $(Ce_{1-z}Yb_z)_{0.8}Fe_4Sb_{12}$ without Co substitution, the marcasite ($FeSb_2$) phase formed alongside the skutterudite phase, but the generation of the marcasite phase was inhibited by increasing Co concentration. The electrical conductivity decreased with increasing temperature, exhibiting degenerate semiconductor behavior. The Hall and Seebeck coefficients were positive, which confirmed that the specimens were p-type semiconductors with holes as the major carriers. The carrier concentration decreased as the concentration of Ce and Co increased, which led to decreased electrical conductivity and increased Seebeck coefficient. The thermal conductivity decreased due to a reduction in electronic thermal conductivity via Co substitution, and due to decreased lattice thermal conductivity via double filling of Ce and Yb. $(Ce_{0.25}Yb_{0.75})_{0.8}Fe_{3.5}Co_{0.5}Sb_{12}$ exhibited the greatest dimensionless figure of merit (ZT = 0.66 at 823 K).

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.124-130
• /
• 2000

본 연구는 가솔린 휘발가스를 퇴비 바이오필터로 처리시 공정조절 인자인 체류시간과 충전깊이의 영향을 살펴보고 공정개선방안을 제시하고자 실시하였다. 체류시간을 4, 10, 그리고 20분으로 변화하여 실시한 결과 TPH의 효율적 제거를 위해서는 10분이상의 EBRT가 요구되었으며 $40g/m^3$(충전물질)/hr 미만의 부하로 운전하는 것이 효과적이었다. BTEX는 체류시간 4분에서는 부하량이 약 $1.5g/m^3$(충전물질)/hr 이상으로 증가하자 더 이상 제거 능력이 증가하지 않았으며, 체류시간 10분에서는 약 $5.3g/m^3$(충전물질)/hr의 부하량에서 $4.5g/m^3$(충전물질)/hr 이상이 제거되었다. 이로써 안정적인 제거를 위해서는 BTEX도 10분 이상의 체류시간이 필요하였다. 충전깊이는 25, 50, 75, 그리고 100cm로 하였다. TPH 제거량을 증가시키기 위해서는 단순히 충전깊이를 증가시키는 것보다 가스체류시간 및 유입부하량 등 다른 공정인자들을 제어하는 것이 더욱 효과적이었다. BTEX의 경우에는 다른 공정인자의 조절도 중요하지만 충전깊이를 1m 정도로 하면 다른 공정인자의 조절에 큰 어려움 없이도 제거효율을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2006

High-speed machining is a very useful tool and one of the most effective rapid manufacturing processes. This study sought to produce various high-speed machining materials with excellent quality and dimensional accuracy. However, high-speed machining is not suitable for microscale thin-walled structures because the structure stiffness lacks the ability to resist the cutting force. This paper proposes a new method that is able to rapidly produce very thin-walled structures. This method consists of high-speed machining followed by filling. A strong work-holding force results from the solidification of the filling materials. Low-melting point metal alloys are used to minimize the thermal effects during phase changes and to hold the arbitrarily shaped thin-walled structures quickly during the high-speed machining. We demonstrate some applications, such as thin-walled cylinders and hemispherical shells, to verify the usefulness of this method and compare the analyzed dimensional accuracy of typical parts of the structures.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2009

경량기포혼합토는 경량성으로 인해 구조물 등에 작용하는 하중이 저감되어 연약지반의 뒷채움 재료로 사용되지만, 일반토사에 비하여 초기시공비용이 많이 소요되어 아직 국내에서는 많이 적용되고 있지 않다. 주로 뒷채움 재료는 초기시공비가 적게 소요되는 일반토사를 사용하고 있으나, 일반토사의 덧씌우기 공법은 횟수가 증가함에 따라 사용연수가 감소된다. 특히 연약지반에 설치된 BOX구조물이나 교대 뒷채움 인근의 단차 발생 시 덧씌우기 공법은 일시적인 대체공법은 가능하지만, 덧씌우기 두께에 대한 하중만큼 추가 하중이 발생하게 되므로 결국 단차에 대한 해결책은 되지 못한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 BOX구조물 뒷채움 재료인 일반토사와 경량기포혼합토의 두 가지 대안에 대하여 LCC 분석을 실시하고 경제적 측면에서 보다 합리적인 의사결정을 할 수 있는 경제성 분석을 제시하고자 하였다. 그 결과 경량기포혼합토가 일반토사에 비해 초기시공비용은 많이 소요되지만 유지관리 측면에서는 비용이 더 적게 소요되어 경제성을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.342-349
• /
• 2023

In this study, a numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the phase change behavior of a liquid hydrogen storage container. The effects of gravity direction and hydrogen filling rate on boil-off gas (BOG) in the storage container were investigated. The study employed the volume of fluid, which is the phase change analysis model provided by ANSYS Fluent (ANSYS, Canonsburg, PA, USA), to investigate the sloshing phenomenon inside the liquefied hydrogen fuel tank. Considering the transient analysis time, two-dimensional simulation were carried out to examine the characteristics of the flow and thermal fields. The results indicated that the thermal flow characteristics and BOG phenomena inside the two-dimensional liquefied hydrogen storage container were significantly influenced by changes in gravity direction and hydrogen filling rate.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.110-122
• /
• 1996

Finite element analysis tool was developed to analyze the casting process. Generally, casting process consists of mold filling and solidification. Both filling and solidication process were simulated simultaneously to investigate the effects of process variables and to predict the defect. At filling process, thermal coupling was especially considered to investigate thermal history of material during the filling stage. And thermal condition at the final stage of filling is used as the initial conditions in a solidification process for the exact simullation of the actual casting processes. At mold filling process, Lagragian-type finite element method with automatic remeshing scheme was used to find the material flow. A perturbation method with artificial viscosity is adopted to avoid numerical instability in low viscous fluid. At solidification process, enthalpy-based finite element method was used to solove the heat transfer problem with phase change. And elastic stress analysis has been performed to predict the thermal residual stress. Through the FE analysis, solidification time, position of solidus line, liquidus line and thermal residual stress are found. Through the study, the importance of combined analysis has been emphasized. Finite element tools developed in this study will be used process design of casting process and may be basic structure for total CAE system of castings which will be constructed afterward.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.351-359
• /
• 2005

The semi-solid processing is now becoming of great interest for the production of various parts by pressure die casting. Also, the rheo-casting has been substituted for thixo-casting, because the rheo-casting can control the solid particles to globular and non-dendritic solid phase. In the rheo-casting process, the important thing is to control the solid particles behavior in semi-solid materials. So in this paper, to control solid particles behavior in semi-solid materials, we experimented about the die filling tests during the semi-solid die casting in 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0, 6 solid fraction. The die filling in semi-solid die casting were simulated by MAGMA soft/thixo module. By the die filling tests and computer simulation, the effect of solid particles behavior in rheology flow had been investigated.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국분말야금학회 1997년도 춘계학술강연 및 발표대회 강연 및 발표논문 초록집
• /
• pp.17-17
• /
• 1997