• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.365-380
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to explore the characteristics of scientific observation and reasoning of gifted middle-school students in rock identification. Five rock samples that are considered important as per science textbooks, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, were provided to 19 first-year middle-school students attending a gifted education center. Students were asked to infer the formation process, type, and name of each rock. The results showed that the characteristics of rocks that students primarily paid attention to included color, texture, and structure. Students immediately succeeded in identifying common rocks based on memory; however, meaningful inferences were not made. In case of rocks that students faced difficulty discriminating, significant reasoning processes were revealed through discourse. In addition, although scientific reasoning was properly constructed based on meaningful observations, there were cases wherein rock identification failed. These results will contribute to determining the current level of understanding of middle-school students in rock identification activities and finding ways to provide students with meaningful scientific observation and inference experiences through rock identification in the school field.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.200-209
• /
• 2022

Providing real-time location information is emerging as a major goal of the national industry. In order to provide such real-time location information (3D spatial information), it is essential to develop a technology for a satellite positioning method. Therefore, the country continues to make efforts to increase satisfaction with the needs of consumers by introducing the Network RTK GNSS method. In this study, among the Network RKT GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) methods provided by the National Geographic Information Service, continuous observation and single observation were measured at the integrated reference point using VRS(Virtual Reference Station) and FKP(Flӓachen-Korrektur Parameter) to evaluate accuracy. In addition, we aim to maximize efficiency by presenting accuracy on the rapidly increasing Network RTK GNSS method in the field.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.76-89
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop a science field study area using Geumgang(Geum River), fossil origins and various geological resources in Youngdong area of Chungcheongbuk-do as educational resources; and utilize them to develop an education program to cultivate earth science and topophilia. The Youngdong sedimentary basin (Cretaceous period) has a well-developed outcrop along the Geumgang and it is therefore easy to find various geological structures, plant fossils, and dinosaur fossils. Also, it has a distinct sedimentary structure, such as mud cracks, ripple marks and cross-bedding. Science field study area(6 observation sites) were developed based on school curriculum, textbook analysis, and professional earth science education panel discussion to create a convergence education program. The result of validating the developed program showed that all the items were satisfactory ($CVR{\geq}0.88$) in the test categories. The science field study teaching-learning model was applied to actual classes. The evaluation result for class satisfaction was positive, scoring Rickert scale 4.18. The result of observation about the outdoor classroom process in the science field study area revealed that students were able to form a new image of the beautiful scenery of the Geumgang. Also, the students could gain a new understanding, concept and value of various geological objects (sandy beach, stepping-stones, dinosaur footprint fossils, sedimentary formation), which naturally allowed them to form topophilia.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.198-210
• /
• 2022

The southern strait of Jeju is a divergence point of the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC), and it is the starting point of the thermohaline circulation in the waters of the Korean Peninsula, affecting the size and frequency of marine disasters such as typhoons and tsunamis, and has a very important oceanographic impact, such as becoming a source of harmful organisms and radioactively contaminated water. Therefore, for an immediate response to these maritime disasters, real-time ocean observation is required. However, compared to other straits, in the case of southern Jeju, such wide area marine observations are insufficient. Therefore, in this study, surface current field of the southern strait of Jeju was calculated using High-Frequency radar (HF radar). the large surface current field is calculated, and post-processing and data improvement are carried out through APM (Antenna Pattern Measurement) and FOL (First Order Line), and comparative analysis is conducted using actual data. As a result, the correlation shows improvement of 0.4~0.7 and RMSE of about 1~19 cm/s. These high-frequency radar observation results will help solve domestic issues such as response to typhoons, verification of numerical models, utilization of wide area wave data, and ocean search and rescue in the future through the establishment of an open data network.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.119-125
• /
• 2008

The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of wave transformation in the shallow water of the Nakdong River estuary due to variations in air pressure, air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction. We analyzed the correlation between weather factors and wind waves in offshore regions near Geoje Island and the Nakdong River estuary in April and May 2007. The weather and wind wave data were obtained from the automatic ocean observation buoy near Geoje Island operated by the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA). For the estuary region, the wind wave information was the result of field observations, and weather data were obtained from the Busan Meteorological Station. Field observations of water waves in April and May showed that the maximum wave height decreased by about 2.2 m. M oreover, wave height decreased significantly by about 1.3 m due to the reduction in wave energy caused by the water waves propagating from Geoje buoy to the Nakdong River estuary. We conclude that offshore or wind waves coming into the Nakdong River estuary showed considerable height variation due to the prevailing weather conditions, especially wind speed and direction. In particular, headwinds tended to decrease the wave size in inverse proportion to the wind speed.

• Journal of the Geological Society of Korea
• /
• v.54 no.5
• /
• pp.545-556
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to estimate the deep percolation using numerical modeling and field observation data based on rainfall in Haean basin. Soil moisture sensors were installed to monitoring at 30, 60 and 90 cm depths in four sites (YHS1-4) and automatic weather station was installed to around YHS3. Soil moisture and meteorological data was observed from March 25, 2017 to March 25, 2018 and May 06, 2016 to May 06, 2018, respectively. Numerical analysis was performed from June to August, 2017 using the HYDRUS-1D. Average soil moisture contents were high to generally in YHS3 for 0.300 to $0.334m^3/m^3$ and lowest in YHS1 for 0.129 to $0.265m^3/m^3$ during the soil moisture monitoring period. The results of soil moisture flow modeling showed that field observations and modeling values were similar but the peak values were larger in the modeling result. Correlation analysis between observation and modeling data showed that r, $r^2$ and RMSE were 0.88, 0.77, and 0.0096, respectively. This show high correlation and low error rate. The total deep percolation was 744.2 mm during the period of modelling at 500 cm depth. This showed that 61.3% of the precipitation amount (1,214 mm) was recharged in 2017. Deep percolation amount was high in the study area. This study is expected to provide basic data for the estimation of groundwater recharge through unsaturated zone.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 2000

The primary purpose of dredging work is to maintain navigational readiness and to increase environmental amenity, so that the dredging project which is composed of excavating, removing, transporting, storing and disposing dredged material must be carefully managed to insure that dredging works are completed in a cost-effective and environmentally safe manner. The most important point in dumping operations is an estimating and reducing the impacts of discharges at the dumping area. One of the most effective method for the reduction of ecological impacts at dumping area is using the schematic process composed of the sophisticated plan, precise work and predicting/reducing the impacts based on the numerical model and field observation. In this study, the numerical model is used to predict the near-field spatial fate and begavior of effluent discharged from Confined Dumping Facility(CDF) located near coastal area. To to this purpose, reappearing of tidal current was preceded. The model is then applied to Mokpo harbor, where capital dredging and maintenance dredging are conducted simultaneously and the CDF is under construction;. In the series of model case study, we found that the near-field behavior of effluent discharged from CDF was governed by the receiving water condition, outfall geometry, characteristics of efflent and CDF operating conditions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 2010

In order to monitor the possibility of horizontal gene transfer between transgenic rice and microorganisms in a paddy rice field, the gene flow from a bifunctional fusion (TPSP) rice containing trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and phosphatase to microorganisms in soils was investigated. The soil samples collected from the paddy rice field during June 2004 to March 2006 were investigated by multiplex PCR, Southern hybridization, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). The TPSP gene from soil genomic DNAs was not detected by PCR. Soil genomic DNAs did not show homologies on the Southern blotting data, indicating that gene transfer did not occur during the last two years in the paddy rice field. In addition, the AFLP band patterns produced by soil genomic DNAs from both transgenic and non-transgenic rice fields appeared similar to each other when analyzed by the NTSYSpc program. Thus, these data suggest that transgenic rice does not give a significant impact on the communities of soil microorganisms, although long-term observation may be needed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.129-133
• /
• 2013

Background A pneumatic tourniquet is generally used to achieve a bloodless operation field in hand surgery. However, this has changed with tumescent solution-based wide-awake surgery. This study is a preliminary prospective case series study to elaborate the formula and indications of the tumescent technique in hand surgery without a tourniquet. Methods Seven patients (age range, 4 months to 37 years) underwent hand or upper extremity surgery for conditions such as nerve palsy, electric burn defect, fingertip injury, contracture, constriction ring syndrome, or acrosyndactyly. A "one-per-mil" tumescent solution (epinephrine 1:1,000,000+20 mg lidocaine/50 mL saline) was used to create a bloodless operating field without a tourniquet. Observation was performed to document the amount of solution injected, the operation field clarity, and the postoperative pain. Results The "one per mil" epinephrine solution showed an effective hemostatic effect. The tumescent technique resulted in an almost bloodless operation field in the tendon and in the constriction ring syndrome surgeries, minimal bleeding in the flap and contracture release surgeries, and acceptable bleeding in acrosyndactyly surgery. The amount of solution injected ranged from 5.3 to 60 mL. No patient expressed significant postoperative pain. Flap surgeries showed mixed results. One flap was lost, while the others survived. Conclusions Epinephrine 1:1,000,000 in saline solution is a potential replacement for a tourniquet in hand surgery. Further studies are needed to delineate its safety for flap survival.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2016

In the 21st century, Korea had radical economic development with accelerating urban sprawl, and following declination with social polarization. City declination makes socially vulnerable people unstable and increase homelessness. The projects revitalizing decayed area utilize local idle spaces to build new facility with creative supportive programs. The purpose of this study is to analyze inclusive characteristics of a supportive housing 'The Brook'. A field visit walk through observation and in-depth interview were utilized as research methods. The information of a representative supportive housing field will promote understanding the concept, and create base for further research. As results, state and knowhow of information concerning housing first policy, active government investment, space planning, management, social integration, service providing, architecture and so on offered to facilitate inclusive insights. In conclusion, the characteristics of supportive housing were realistically analyzed through a field research. This research is significant to introduce initially the effective supportive housing which has been practiced for 30 years in USA to that needs alternatives for the socially vulnerable in Korea.