• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2003

Objectives : The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of Injinchunggan-tang on $TGF-{\beta}1-induced$ hepatic fibrosis. Methods : mRNA and protein expression levels of $TGF-{\beta}1$ in Injinchunggan-tang-treated HepG2 cells were compared to untreated cells using quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA assay, respectively. mRNA expression levels of the TGF-1 pathway genes (TR-1, TR-II, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, and PAI-1) and fibrosis-associated genes (CTGF, fibronectin, and collagen type 1) were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. The effect of Injinchunggan-tang on cell proliferation of T3891 human fibroblast was evaluated using [$^3H$]thymidine incorporation assay. Results : Expression of $TGF-{\beta}1$ mRNA and protein was inhibited by Injinchunggan-tang in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Whereas $TGF-{\beta}1-mediated$ induction of PAI-1 was suppressed by Injinchunggan-tang, expression of the $TGF-{\beta}1$ pathway genes such as TR-1, TR-II, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 was not affected by Injinchunggan-tang treatment. Injinchunggan-tang was found to inhibit $TGF-{\beta}1-induced$ cell proliferation of T3891 human fibroblast, and also abrogated $TGF-{\beta}1-mediated$ transcriptional up-regulation of CTGF, fibronectin, and collagen type I. Conclusions : This study strongly suggests that the liver cirrhosis-suppressive activity of Injinchunggan-tang may be derived at least in part from its inhibitory effect on $TGF-{\beta}1$ functions, such as blockade of $TGF-{\beta}1$ stimulation of fibroblast cell proliferation and fibrosis-related gene expression as well as expression of $TGF-{\beta}1$ itself.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.401-406
• /
• 2015

The aim of present study is to investigate antioxidative effect of the Rice Bran Extracts and Defatted Rice Bran Extracts. Rice Bran Extracts used Rice Bran Water Extract, Rice Bran Ethanol Extract, Defatted Rice Bran Water Extract, Defatted Rice Bran Ethanol Extract. This study was carried out to examine quenching effects of Rice bran extracts on DPPH-, Riboflavin-, and Xanthin oxidase- originated superoxide activities. In addition, in order to determine whether Rice Bran Extract can be safely applied to human skin, the cytotoxic effects of Rice Bran Extract in Human Dermal Fibroblast cells were determined using MTS Assay. These results demonstrated that RBE and DRBE had anti-oxidative properties and did not induce the cytotoxic effects in Human Dermal Fibroblast cells. Therefore, these findings suggest that anti-oxidative properties of RBE and DRBE may be considered convergence with skin care.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate anti-inflammation of Leonurus sibiricus methanol extract against UVB-damage in fibroblast. The skin is continuously exposed to damage from environmental stresses. UV radiation causes a variety of biological effects especially on the skin, including inflammation and photoaging. Methods : In this study, we tried to search for Leonurus sibiricus which exhibit protective activities against UVB-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative cell death, NO and $PGE_2$ production. HS68 cells were exposed to UVB ($120mJ/cm^2$) and treated with various concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, $8mg/m{\ell}$) of Leonurus sibiricus methanol extract for additional 24 h. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels generated by UV radiation were detected using a spectrofluorometer after DCF-DA staining. Also, HS68 cells were irradiated with UVB and then treated with Leonurus sibiricus methanol extract for 12 h. The lipid peroxidation was assayed by measuring the levels of 8-isoprostane secreted into the culture medium. Results : UVB-induced cytotoxicity and cell death were effectively suppressed by treatment of Leonurus sibiricus aqueous methanol extracts. Oxidative cell damage was mediated $PGE_2$ in UVB-induced HS68 fibroblast cell, which was significantly inhibited by treatment with Leonurus sibiricus extracts. Also, the protective effect of these extract seemed to be mediated by inhibited intracellular ROS generation and lipid peroxidation in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion : These results suggest that Leonurus sibiricus aqueous methanol extracts may have anti-aging effects new functional materials against oxidative UVB stress-mediated skin damages.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.647-652
• /
• 2021

In this study, Saussurea Lappa roots were extracted using ethanol and n-hexane, and also the effects on proliferation of human hair dermal papilla cells and fibroblast and related signaling pathway were evaluated. 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted for cell proliferation effect of Saussurea Lappa root extract, and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt), wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/𝛽-catenin signaling pathway, and 5𝛼-reductase expression through western blot analysis were measured. Saussurea Lappa root extract significantly increased human hair dermal papilla cells and propagation of fibroblast, promoted phosphorylation of ERK and Akt that get involved in cell proliferation. Additionally, Saussurea Lappa root extract significantly decreased promotion of Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation by MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059 and PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. Also, Saussurea Lappa root extract induced intranuclear 𝛽-catenin accumulation by promoting phosphorylation of 𝛽-catenin (Ser552, 675) through phosphorylation of GSK-3𝛽 (Ser9), and suppressed activation of 5𝛼-reductase type I and II. Overall, Saussurea Lappa root induces cell proliferation through vitalization of ERK and Akt route of human hair dermal papilla cells and fibroblast and apoptosis defense mechanism, and can be helpful in hair loss prevention and hair growth by vitalizing the 𝛽-catenin signaling pathway and inhibiting activation of 5𝛼-reductase, which can be used as a potential hair care products.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 1997

To investigate the cadmium (Cd) toxicity on the testis, male rats were treated with 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg of Cd by IP. According to histochemical studies, Cd-treated testis tissue showed death of spermatozoa, death of Sertoli cells, death of all the spermatogenic cells, and finally disappearance of basal lamina of seminiferous tubules with increasing doses, and showed decreased ground substances and Leydig cells, increased inflammatory cells and fibroblasts, and fibroblasts, and finally disappearance of ground substances and all the cells except fibroblasts within interstitial tissues with increasing doses. According to biochemical studies, two kinds of proteins, 25 and 45 kDa, were dramatically disappeared from the total protein of rat testis treated with Cd comparing to normal testis. The result of electrophoresis of total protein suggests that actin (45 kDa), presumed on its mmolecular weight and amount, in the testis-cells is the primary target of Cd poisoning. Although its exact mechanism is not clear, the disappearance of two proteins when testis is exposed to Cd should give some clues to understnad the mechanism of necrosis of testis tissue crumbling by heavy metal pollutant such as Cd.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.432-436
• /
• 2014

We investigated antioxidative activity of the ethanol extracts of leaves of Cornus walteri Wanger (CWE) by treated enzyme in human dermal fibroblast (HDFs) irradiated by UVB. We examined the in vitro chemical and cellular antioxidant activities of CWE in HDFs. We employed scavenging assay for the 1,1-diphenyl-2,5-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and cellular antioxidative activity of CWE, and we was investigated in $H_2O_2$-treated or UVB-irradiated HDFs. The CWE effectively scavenged DPPH radicals ($IC_{50}$ $7.03{\pm}0.4{\mu}g/mL$) when compared to the scavenging activities of L-ascorbic acid ($IC_{50}$ $4.69{\pm}0.3{\mu}g/mL$). CWE reduced UVB-induced cellular damage in HS68 cells by MTT assay and inhibited intracellular ROS generation in dose-dependent manner. In addition, CWE also attenuated the elevated levels of 8-isoprostane resulting from UVB-mediated oxidative stress. Collectively, these results suggest that CWE could be a new potential candidate as antioxidant against UVB-induced oxidative stress in HDFs.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.143-148
• /
• 2024

Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious lung disease that occurs predominantly in men. Genistein is an important natural soybean-derived phytoestrogen that affects various biological functions, such as cell migration and fibrosis. However, the antifibrotic effects of genistein on pulmonary fibrosis are largely unknown. The antifibrotic effects of genistein were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models of lung fibrosis. Proteomic data were analyzed using nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Genistein significantly reduced transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced expression of collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in MRC-5 cells and primary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Genistein also reduced TGF-β1-induced expression of p-Smad2/3 and p-p38 MAPK in fibroblast models. Comprehensive protein analysis confirmed that genistein exerted an anti-fibrotic effect by regulating various molecular mechanisms, such as unfolded protein response, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, cell death, and several metabolic pathways. Genistein was also found to decrease hydroxyproline levels in the lungs of BLM-treated mice. Genistein exerted an anti-fibrotic effect by preventing fibroblast activation, suggesting that genistein could be developed as a pharmacological agent for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.26-34
• /
• 2009

Porcine embryonic stem (ES) cells have a great potential as tools for transgenic animal production and studies of regulation of differentiation genes. Although several studies showed successful derivation of porcine ES-like cells, these cells were not maintained long-term in culture. Therefore, this study was conducted to establish porcine pluripotent ES-like cells using in vivo fertilized embryos and to maintain these cells in long term culture. Porcine ES-like cells from in vivo embryos obtained by immunosurgery or whole explant culture were successfully cultured for over 56 passages. Morphology of porcine ES-like cells was flat-shaped with a monolayer type colony. These cells stained for alkaline phosphatase throughout the culture. Furthermore, porcine ES-like cells reacted with antibodies against Oct-4, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, Tra-1-60, and Tra-1-81, which are typical markers of undifferentiated stem cells. To characterize the ability of porcine ES-like cells to differentiate into three germ layers, embryoid body formation was induced. After plating of these cells, porcine ES-like cells were spontaneously differentiated into various cell types of all three germ layers. In addition, porcine ES-like cells were successfully derived from IVF blastocysts in media containing human recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 1993

The studies were conducted to investigate the effect of Sinhyo-Taklee-San(STS), which is composed of Astragali Radix(AR), Lonicerae Flos(LF), Angelicae gigantis Radix(AGR) and Glycyrrhizae Radix(GR), on the proliferation of fibroblast cell(Balb/c 3T3). STS, GR and glycyrrhizin increased the proliferation of 3T3 cells. The 10% serum obtained from STS, AR, LF, AGR and GR treated mice also increased the proliferation of 3T3 cells markedly. GR, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid inhibited protein synthesis, but did not affect on DNA synthesis.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.18-20
• /
• 1989

Solid gelatin microcarrier with the size distribution between $100{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and $400{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ was prepared for the attachment and growth experiment for anchorage-dependent animal cell lines, i.e., L 929 and BHK 21. The growth and the maximum cell densities on this gelatin based and polyacrylamide (PAA) microcarriers were compared with those on the commercial dextran based Cytodex 3 microcarrier. Both cell lines showed good comparable attachment and growth patterns on the above three microcarriers. The mouse fibroblast, L 929 showed about the same maximum cell density on PAA, gelatin and Cytodex 3 MC'S BUT BHK 21, the baby hamster kidney cell line, showed the best result on Cytodex 3, which was about $4\times10^6$ cells/ml with the microcarrier concentration of 10 g/1.