• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 1996

Phyllodes tumor(PT) is a rare distinctive fibroepithelial breast tumor that occasionally shows unpredictable clinical behavior. Wide excision should be the primary treatment of PT and enucleation, the standard procedure for fibroadenoma(FA), is proscribed due to high frequency of local recurrence. Therefore an accurate preoperative diagnosis of PT is essential in order to ensure proper surgical treatment. However, the differentiation between benign PT and FA is often difficult on the basis of cytologic findings. In an attempt to better understand the cytologic features of benign PT and possibly to differentiate PT from FA on the findings of fine needle aspiration(FNA) smears, we reviewed cytologic smears from 22 histologically diagnosed cases each of benign PT and FA, respectively. The cytologic features assessed were cellularity and atypia of both epithelial and stromal components, and shape of epithelial cell clusters. Atypia of stromal cells was more frequent in PT, while blunt branching pattern of epithelial cells was more frequent in FA. The specific cytologic diagnosis of PT is not possible in many cases, but the abundance of stromal cells with moderate nuclear atypia in the correct clinical setting such as older age and larger size(>4cm) allows the diagnosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.873-877
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• 2012

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules characterized by their regulatory roles in cancer and gene expression. We analyzed the expression of miR-21, miR-205, and miR-342 in 59 patients with breast cancer. Samples were divided into three different groups according to their immunohistochemistry (IHC) classification: ER- positive and/or PR-positive group ($ER^+$ and/or $PR^+$; group I); HER2-positive group ($HER^{2+}$; group II); and ER/ PR/ HER2- negative ($ER^-$/ $PR^-$/ $HER^{2-}$; group III) as the triple negative group. The expression levels of the 3 miRNAs were analyzed in the tumor samples and the compared with the normal neighboring dissected tumor (NNDT) samples in all three groups. The expression of miR-21 was similar in all three groups. In patients positive for P53 by IHC, positive for axillary lymph node metastasis and higher tumor stages, it appeared to have significantly elevated. However, significant increase was not found among the 18 fibroadenoma samples. Both miR-205 and miR-342 expressions were significantly down regulated in group III. We conclude that miR-21 does not discriminate between different breast cancer groups. In contrast, miR-205 and miR-342 may be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of triple negative breast cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10791-10795
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• 2015

Background: Phyllodes tumors of the breast are rare fibroepithelial lesions, so relatively little is known about this disease entity. The present study was designed to identify differences in clinical features between benign borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors. Materials and Methods: Data from 246 women with phyllodes tumors of the breast treated in Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between 2002 and 2012 were collected and analyzed, including age at presentation, age at treatment, course, size of primary tumor, location, histological type, type of surgery and treatment, local recurrence, distant metastasis, fibroadenoma history, disease-free survival and number of mitosis per 10hpf. There are 125 (55%) benign, 55 (24%) borderline and 47 (21%) malignant tumors. Results: In univariate analysis, average age at presentation, average age at treatment, size of primary tumor, ulceration or not, type of primary surgery, distant metastasis and number of mitosis per 10 hpf turned out to be statistically different among the three PT types (p=0.014, 0.018, <0.000, 0.003, <0.000, 0.001 and <0.000, respectively), while recurrence and disease-free survival (DFS) demonstrated trends for statistical significance (P =0.055 and 0.060, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed distant metastasis and excision were significantly different in benign, borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast (p=0.041 and 0.018, OR=0.061 and 0.051). At the same time, size of primary tumor with p=0.052 tended to be different between groups (OR=1.127). However, age at treatment, ulceration and DFS showed no statistically significant variation (p=0.400, 0.286 and 0.413, respectively). Conclusions: Benign borderline and malignant phyllode tumors have different distant metastasis risk, different primary tumor size and different surgical procedures, and malignant PTs are more likely to be bigger and to metastasize.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.214-219
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• 1994

유방종괴의 감별진단을 위해 탈륨스캔을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 유방암 11예 중 10예에서 양성소견을 보였다(sensitivity 90.9%). 2) 위음성 1예는 화학요법을 받았던 환자로 종괴의 크기는 직경 1cm이하였다. 3) 병리조직학적으로 양성인 17예와 추적관찰상 악성을 의심할 수 없었던 3예 등 20예 중 17예에서 탈륨섭취가 없었다(specificity 85% ) 4) 섬유낭성 질환(fibrocystic disease)13예 중 3예에서 위양성 소견을 보였으며 섬유선종(fibroadenoma)3예와 1예의 엽상낭육종(cystosarcoma phyllodes)에서는 섭취를 보이지 않았다. 5) 이상의 결과 악성과 양성 감별의 정확도는 87.1%로써 유방종괴의 감별진단에 탈륨 스캔이 한 방법이 되리라 생각된다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2007

Mammary carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells is an unusual neoplasm characterized by giant cells, mononuclear stromal cells, and hemorrhage accompanying a low grade carcinoma. We present the cytological findings in a case of invasive ductal carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells that was initially confused with a fibroadenoma, due to its well-demarcated and soft mass and the young age of the patient. A 28-year-old female presented with a 4.5 cm, well demarcated, soft and nontender mass in the right breast. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed a combination of low grade malignant epithelial cell clusters and osteoclast-like giant cells. The atypical epithelial cells were present in cohesive sheets and clusters. Osteoclast-like giant cells and bland-looking mononuclear cells were scattered. An histological examination revealed the presence of an invasive ductal carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells. We report here the cytological findings of this rare carcinoma in a very young woman. The minimal atypia of the epithelial cells and its soft consistency may lead to a false negative diagnosis in a young woman. The recognition that osteoclastlike giant cells are rarely present in a low grade carcinoma, but not in benign lesion, can assist the physician in making a correct diagnosis.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2008

목 적: 유방 초음파상 복합성 낭성 종괴를 조직 검사한 결과를 바탕으로 그 결과를 분석하여 초음파 검사자에게 적절한 검사 기준을 제시하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 6월 30일부터 2007년 6월 30일까지 4년 동안 C병원에서 조직 검사 및 수술을 통해 병리 조직학적 결과가 확진된 342명의 환자 중 유방 초음파 소견이 복합성 낭종에 해당한다고 판단되는 178명의 병변을 대상으로 하였다. 주위 조직에 대한 평가나 석회화, 혈류의 분포 상태 등은 분석 대상에서 제외하였고 초음파 장비는 GE사의 logic 200을 사용하고, 조직 생검은 core biopsy용 gun (Kimal사, K7/MBD23)을 사용하였다. 결 과: 178명의 조직검사 결과는 FCC (n=56, 31.4%), Fibrosis (n=41, 23.0%), Fibroadenoma (n=20, 11.2%), Epithelial hyperplasia (n=17, 9.6%), Carcinoma (n=15, 8.4%), Fibroadipose (n=8명, 4.5%), Sclerosing adenosis (n=7, 3.9%), Duct ectasia (n=5, 2.8%), Papiloma (n=5, 2.8%), 그 외 Fat necrosis, Hemangioma, abscess, Dystrophic calcification이 각각(n=1, 0.6%)의 결과를 나타내었다. 결 론: 유방 초음파 영상에서 복합성 낭종의 조직 생검 결과는 Carcinoma 8.4%를 제외하고 모두 양성이었으며, 대부분 섬유 낭종의 스펙트럼에 속하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 비록 이러한 일반 원칙이 많은 환자군이 연구에서 확인되더라도, 본 연1구에서와 같이 매우 충분하지 못하다. 초음파상 명확히 알 수 없는 종괴에 대해서는 조직 검사를 해야 하는 것이 옳지만 그렇지 못한 경우, 3개월 후 재검을 하여야한다고 사료되며 앞으로도 초음파 영상 평가를 체계적으로 숙지하여 세심하고 주의 깊은 검사를 하여야 한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.695-698
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• 2010

Purpose: Supernumerary nipple or polythelia is one of the developmental anomalies occurring at the embryonic stage and this anomaly usually arises from the milk line. While this atypical feature is determined during early developmental stage, it may not come out obviously or become troublesome until puberty or lactation. Moreover, sometimes it is confused with a pigmented nevus. Methods: Case 1, a 18-year-old woman with intramammary supernumerary breast consisted of another nipple with middle sized areola on the right lower breast was admitted for a $2.8{\times}3.1\;cm$-sized mass on the right breast which was starting appeared 1 year earlier. The preliminary cytological examination of the material obtained by needle aspiration biopsy from the mass was revealed by fibroadenoma with no malignant change. The patient had the surgical excision of the mass and accessory breast. Case 2, a 16 year-old woman admitted for intra-areolar polythelia of the left breast, even she doesn't have any family history of polythelia. Since she wanted surgical correction of her atypical nipple for aesthetic and psychological reasons, we reconstructed the areola using transposition flaps in an S-plasty design. Results: Case 1, the excised supernumerary nipple showed following histological features. In the superficial layer, an acanthotic and hyperpigmented epithelium with elongated rete ridges was found. In the dermis, there were follicles with hairs surrounded by hypertrophic sebaceous glands. In the deepest portion, abundant secretory glomerules and excretory ducts of apocrine gland type were observed. Case 2, follow-up visits 3 months after the procedure showed a satisfactory result with good shape and projection of the nipple. Conclusion: We report two cases of aberrant mammary tissue who underwent surgical correction, including complete breast (with nipple, areola, and glandular tissue) and intra-areolar polythelia according to the Kajava's classification, and the results were satisfactory.