• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2017

Ultra high performance concrete is inevitably used in case of skyscraper and super long span bridge. In general, the flexural and the tensile strengths of concrete are lower than the compressive strength, so brittle cracks occur and energy absorption ability is lowered. In order to solve this problem, this study is intended to examine the effect of the steel fiber volume fraction and aspect ratio on the mechanical properties of ultra high performance concrete. In series I, 20-mm straight steel fiber was added with a volume fraction of 0, 1.0, 1.3, 1.5 and 2.0%. In series II, 16-mm steel fiber was added with a volume fraction of 0, 1, and 1.5%, and then mechanical properties were examined according to aspect ratio. In the results of experiment, a difference in compressive strength was insignificant. However, regarding the flexural strength and tensile strength, as the volume fraction and aspect ratio increased, flexural performance and tensile performance improved.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.18
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• pp.97-105
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• 1998

The most of the design engineers for construction has academic background of bachelors degree. Theories for advanced composite structures are too difficult for such engineers and some simple but accurate enough methods are necessary. The senior author has reported that some laminate orientations have decreasing values of $D_{16}$, $B_{16}$, $D_{26}$ and $B_{26}$ stiffnesses as the ply number increases. Such plates behave as special orthotropic plates and simple formulas developed by the author can be used. Most of the bridge and building slabs on girders have large aspect ratios. For such cases further simplification is possible by neglecting the effect of the longitudinal moment terms($M_x$) on the relevant partial differential equations of equilibrium. In this paper, the result of the study on the subject problem is presented.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3A
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• pp.257-264
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• 2010

Generally, estimations on the displacement as an important factor in evaluating the safety of large structures could be a barometer assessing whether the condition of the structure is deteriorating. Practically, it is not easy how to measure the displacement response to large structures like suspension bridges. In this study, as a method for estimation displacement response from strain signals, mode decomposition technique is proposed. Total displacement response is estimated by superposing quasistatic displacement response and modal displacement responses in dominant modes with larger contributions after estimating the modal displacement responses. If foiled strain gauges are used to measure strain signals, there would likely to generate electric noise, what's more, the more measuring points there are the more economic burden it could be. In order to solve such problems, fiber optic bragg-grating(FBG) sensors were used, which have multi-point measurements with no effect on electric noises. Therefore, the experiment was performed through dynamic load test of suspension bridge and plate-girder bridge to review the possibility for using mode decomposition technique.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.677-687
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• 2016

Industrialization and urbanization are the two phenomena that are going relentless all over the world. The consequence of this economic success has been a massive increase in waste on one hand and increasing demand for suitable sites for construction on the other. Owing to the surplus raw materials and energy requirement needed for manufacturing synthetic fibers, applications of waste fibers for reinforcing soils evidenced to offer economic and environmental benefits. The main objective of the proposed work is to explore the possibilities of improving the strength of soil using fly ash waste as an admixture and Human Hair Fiber (HHF) as reinforcement such that they can be used for construction of embankments and land reclamation projects. The effect of fiber content on soil - fly ash mixture was observed through a series of laboratory tests such as compaction tests, CBR and unconfined compression tests. From the stress - strain curves, it was observed that the UCC strength for the optimised soil - flyash mixture reinforced with 0.75% human hair fibers is nearly 2.85 times higher than that of the untreated soil. Further, it has been noticed that there is about 7.73 times increase in CBR for the reinforced soil compared to untreated soil. This drastic increase in strength may be due to the fact that HHF offer more pull-out resistance which makes the fibers act like a bridge to prevent further cracking and thereby it improves the toughness which in turn prevent the brittle failure of soil-flyash specimen. Hence, the test results reveal that the inclusion of randomly distributed HHF in soil significantly improves the engineering properties of soil and can be effectively utilized in pavements. SEM analysis explained the change of microstructures and the formation of hydration products that offered increase in strength and it was found to be in accordance with strength tests.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.25-29
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• 2011

Some laminate orientations have decreasing values of $D_{16}$, $B_{16}$, $D_{26}$ and $B_{26}$ stiffnesses as the ply number increases. For such plates, the fiber orientations given above behave as specially orthotropic plates and simple formulas developed by the senior author. Most of the bridge and building slabs on girders have large aspect ratios. For such cases further simplification is possible by neglecting the effect of the longitudinal moment terms(Mx) on the relevant partial differential equations of equilibrium. In this paper, the result of the study on the subject problem is presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.55-59
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• 2013

The analytical model was constituted to evaluate the flexural strength of UHPFRC(ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete) member. The analytical approach was attemped to study the effect of the joint and the result compared with the experimental study to verify the analytical model. The calculated value tends to underestimate about 23%~25% in comparison with the experimental result of the jointed test member because the bond stress between precast UHPFRC and cast-in-place UHPFRC surface is not considered in the analytical model. But in the case of the continuous test member, the analytical model provides reasonable results for the flexural strength of UHPFRC member.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.517-529
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• 2014

In order to increase the load carrying capacity and/or increase the service life of existing circular reinforced concrete bridge columns, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites could be utilized. Transverse wrapping of circular concrete columns with CFRP sheets increases its axial and shear strengths. In addition, it provides good confinement to the concrete column core, which enhances the bending and compressive strength, as well as, ductility. Several experimental and analytical studies have been conducted on CFRP strengthened concrete cylinders/columns. However, there seem to be lack of thorough investigation of the effect of elevated temperatures on the response of CFRP strengthened circular concrete columns. A concrete confinement model that reflects the effects of elevated temperature on the mechanical properties of CFRP composites, and the efficiency of CFRP in strengthened concrete columns is presented. Tensile strength and modulus of CFRP under hot conditions and their effects on the concrete confinement are the primary parameters that were investigated. A modified concrete confinement model is developed and presented.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.1089-1109
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• 2016

Modified two-surface model (M2SM) is one of the steel elasto-plastic hysteretic constitutive models that consider both analysis accuracy and efficiency. However, when M2SM is used for complex strain history, sometimes the results are irrational due to the limitation of stress-strain path judgment. In this paper, the defect of M2SM was re-modified by improving the judgment of stress-strain paths. The accuracy and applicability of the improved method were verified on both material and structural level. Based on this improvement, the nonlinear time-history analysis was carried out for a deck-through steel arch bridge with a 200 m-long span under the ground motions of Chi-Chi earthquake and Niigata earthquake. In the analysis, we compared the results obtained by hysteretic constitutive models of improved two-surface model (I2SM) presented in this paper, M2SM and the bilinear kinematic hardening model (BKHM). Results show that, although the analysis precision of displacement response of different steel hysteretic models differs little from each other, the stress-strain responses of the structure are affected by steel hysteretic models apparently. The difference between the stress-strain responses obtained by I2SM and M2SM cannot be neglected. In significantly damaged areas, BKHM gives smaller stress result and obviously different strain response compared with I2SM and M2SM, and tends to overestimate the effect of hysteretic energy dissipation. Moreover, at some position with severe damage, BKHM may underestimate the size of seismic damaged areas. Different steel hysteretic models also have influences on structural damage evaluation results based on deformation behavior and low cycle fatigue, and may lead to completely different judgment of failure, especially in severely damaged areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.785-792
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• 2017

In recent times, the lack of good quality natural aggregate has led to the alternative use of recycled aggregate. However, the adhered mortars in recycled aggregate lower the performance of the concrete, such as by reducing its strength and causing deterioration and cracking. In this study, the effects of nylon fiber (NF) on the mechanical and durable performance of recycled coarse aggregate concrete (RAC) were experimentally examined. Concrete specimens with natural coarse aggregate (NA) or RA were produced by adding 0, 0.6 and $1.2kg/m^3$ of NF. Various mechanical properties and the durability of the RAC were measured and compared with those of the NAC. In addition, in order to observe the hydrates and ITZ, SEM observations were made of the 28-day concrete samples. From the test results, as expected, it was found that the RAC exhibited lower performance than the NAC. However, the addition of NF to the concrete was effective in significantly enhancing the performance of the RAC due to the bridge effect of the NF.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.160-169
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• 2015

In this study, experimental research was carried out to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete exterior beam-column joint regions using replacing recycled coarse aggregate with hybrid fiber (steel fiber+PVA fiber) in existing reinforced concrete building. Therefore it was constructed and tested seven specimens retrofitting the beam-column joint regions using such retrofitting materials. Specimens, designed by retrofitting the beam-column joint regions of reinforced concrete building, were showed the stable failure mode and increase of load-carrying capacity due to the effect of crack control at the times of initial loading and bridge of retrofitting hybrid fiber during testing. Specimens BCJGPSR series, designed by the retrofitting of replacing recycled coarse aggregate with hybrid fiber in reinforecd beam-column joint regions were increased its maximum load carrying capacity by 1.01~1.04 times and its energy dissipation capacity by 1.06~1.29 times in comparison with standard specimen BCJS. Also, specimen $BCJGPSR_1$ were increased its energy dissipation capacity by 1.33~1.65 times in comparison with specimens BCJS, BCJP and BCJGPR series for a displacement ductility of 9.