• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권10호
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• pp.1073-1078
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• 2006

목 적 : 본 연구는 태아 심기형의 산전 진단이 보호자의 임신유지 결정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 분석을 시행하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 서울대학교 어린이병원에서 1988년 7월부터 2003년 6월까지 시행한 태아 심 초음파 검사 중 태아 심혈관 질환이 발견되었던 370 검사를 우선 선정 후, 기질적 심질환이 없는 부정맥과 다태 임신을 제외한 299 임신을 본 조사의 대상으로 하였다. 299례에 대하여 의무기록 및 전화 설문을 통한 후향적 분석을 시행하여 분만 지속 여부 및 분만 방법에 대하여 조사하였고, 임신 지속 여부에 관한 보호자의 결정에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 본 연구에 포함된 대상의 진단시 평균 재태 주령은 $28{\pm}6.0$주였으며, 산모의 평균 연령은 $30{\pm}3.9$세였다. 임신 중단군과 지속군으로 구분하여 각 요인이 임신 지속 여부에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사한 결과, 진단시 재태 주령이 어릴수록(P=0.000), 심기형의 정도가 심할수록(P=0.002), 그리고 산모의 연령이 어릴수록(P=0.014) 임신 종결을 더 많이 선택한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 태아 상태의 정도, 동반 기형의 정도, IVF 시행여부, 자녀의 수는 임신 지속 여부와 무관한 것으로 나타났다(Table 5). 결 론 : 본 연구에 의하면 진단시 재태 주령이 어릴수록, 산모의 연령이 적을 수록, 그리고 태아 심기형의 정도가 심할수록 임신을 중단하는 비율이 높다는 결론을 얻었다. 현실적으로는 태아 심초음파가 시행되는 재태 주령이 평균 29주로 너무 늦은 감이 있으며, 기형에 대한 극도의 편견으로 인하여 완치가 가능한 질환 마저 인공 임신 중절을 시행하는 비윤리적인 상황이 벌어지고 있는 상황이다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.96-99
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• 1994

Despite the simplicity of processing, a conventional autocorrelation function(ACF) method for the precise determination of fetal heart rate (FHR) has many problems. In case of weak or noise corrupted Doppler ultrasound signal. the ACF method is very sensitive to the threshold level and data window length. It is very troublesome to extract FHR when there is a data loss. To overcome these problems, the high resolution pitch detection algorithm was adopted to estimate the FHR. This method is more accurate, robust and reliable than the ACF method. With a lot of calculation, however, it is impossible to process real time FHR estimation. This paper is presented a new FHR estimation algorithm for real time processing.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.73-88
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• 2006

In this paper, we construct data-base for fetal heart rate (FHR) data and develop the FHR Monitering system to diagnose fetus, HYFM-III. For diagnostic system, a few statistical decision making mechanism are adopted, such as approximate entropy, neural networks, and logistic discrimination. Since FHR data is very chaotic, we mostly adopt nonlinear statistical methods. On the basis of this system, we expect to develop expert system for early detection of abnormal fetus.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1993년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.81-85
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• 1993

Despite the simplicity of processing, conventional autocorrelation function (ACF) method for the precise determination of fetal heart rate (FHR) has many problems. In the case of weak or noise corrupted Doppler ultrasound singnals, the ACF method is very sensitive to the threshold level and data window length. It is real troublesome to extract FHR when there is a data loss. To overcome these problems, the high resolution pitch detection algorithm is adapted to estimate the FHR. The FHR is determined from the correlation of two interconnected segments by its maximum correlation value. FHR is compensated with a constant correlation threshold in a greatly smeared noise signal. This method yields more accurate, robust and reliable than the ACF method.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.37-50
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• 1986

This paper describes the effects of nitrofen (Hi-TOK), a herbicide on the fetuses of rats. The results were observed as follows: The internal soft tissue anomalies were classified as diaphragmatic hernia, cardiac malformation (T.G.V., V.S.D., S.V.), dilatation of ventricle in brain, dilatation of renal pelvis, underdevelopment of fetal lung, shortening of cortex length and increasing of immatured glomeruli counts in the fetal kidney. The heart and diaphragm appear to be the target organs.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2018

NUCB2/nesfatin-1 is first known to be expressed in the hypothalamus while controlling appetite and energy metabolism. However, recent studies have shown that NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was expressed in the various organs as well as the hypothalamus. Our previous reports also demonstrated that NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was expressed in the ovary, testis, pituitary gland, lung, kidney, and stomach of fetal and adult mice. However, the role of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in mouse fetus remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether NUCB2/nestatin-1 is expressed in mouse fetus at the developmental stage in which organogenesis begins. To do this, we performed in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining to examine the distribution of NUCB2 mRNA and nesfatin-1 protein in the mouse fetal organs during early developmental stages, especially at embryonic day (E) 10.5. As a result of ISH, NUCB2 mRNA positive signals were more frequent in the liver, but there were relatively few positive signals in heart. On the other hand, no positive signals were detected in other organs. These ISH results were validated by IHC staining and qRT-PCR analysis. Expression of nesfatin-1 protein detected by IHC staining was similar to that of NUCB2 mRNA detected by ISH in the liver and heart. In addition, the levels of NUCB2 mRNA expression analyzed by qRT-PCR were significantly increased in the liver and heart compared to other organs of the mouse fetus at E13.5, whereas its level was extensively decreased in the liver, but increased in the lung, stomach, and kidney of the mouse fetus at E17.5. These results suggest that NUCB2/nesfatin-1 may play an important role in liver and heart development and physiological functions in the developmental process of mouse fetus. Further studies are needed on the function of NUCB2/nesfatin-1, which is highly expressed in the various organs, including liver and heart during mouse development.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.336-347
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of relaxation therapy on state anxiety, preterm labor stress, blood pressure, skin temperature, pulse rate of pregnant women with preterm labor and heart rate of their babies. Methods: The participants were 55 pregnant women with preterm labor who hospitalized from May, 2009 to January, 2010. 29 participants were assigned to experimental group and the other 26 participants to control group. All of them were not have any other complications except preterm labor. The relaxation therapy was applied to the experimental group for 5 days. Data were analyzed by the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: The state anxiety score and the preterm labor stress score of experimental group were statistically significant lower than those of control group. In addition, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate of experimental group were statistically lower than those of control group. The skin temperature of experimental group was higher than that of control group. However, the fetal heart rate of experimental group was not statistically significant lower than fetal heart rate of control group. Conclusion: From these findings, it is concluded that relaxation therapy may be an effective nursing intervention for pregnant women with preterm labor.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.1288-1291
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• 2002

저자들은 임신 1개월 전 전신강직간대성 발작이 있어 임신 중에 발작 조절을 위해 valproate를 복용한 산모의 아이에게서 양 팔꿈치의 구축을 동반한 fetal valproate syndrome의 특징을 지닌 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2012

In this study, it was observed through the ability of performing secondary tasks and baseline fetal heart rate how the supply of lavender, peppermint and highly concentrated oxygen (40%) affected distraction due to the performance of secondary tasks in the driving environment. Twelve male university students conducted secondary tasks while driving in the environments (6 in total) mixed and designed with oxygen concentration (21%, 40%) and the condition of odors (Normal, Lavender, Peppermint). The test was proceeded in order of stable state (5mins), driving (5mins), and secondary tasks (1min), and by extracting ECG data from every section by 30secs, the mean value of baseline fetal heart rate was calculated. As a result of analysis, in the ability of performing secondary tasks, a percentage of correct answers showed no difference in oxygen concentration and the condition of odors (p > 0.05). In performance completion time, a percentage of correct answers decreased showing a statistically significant difference in the condition of odors compared with the condition where odors were not provided (p < 0.05). As for baseline fetal heart rate, in the comparison between sections, while performing secondary tasks, it increased showing a significant difference compared with stable state and driving state (p < 0.05). The effect of interaction was observed in oxygen concentration and the condition of odors. When odors were not provided, baseline fetal heart rate decreased in 40% oxygen concentration compared with 21% oxygen concentration (p < 0.05), however, when peppermint was provided, it increased in 40% oxygen concentration compared with 21% oxygen concentration (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the fact that the condition of odors increased the ability of calculation, and when only the highly concentrated oxygen was provided, parasympathetic nerve system was activated, however, when highly concentrated oxygen was provided with peppermint at the same time, sympathetic nervous system (sns) was activated, which had a negative effect on the autonomic nervous system was drawn.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2015

In obstetrics, cardiotocography is a procedure to record the fetal heartbeat and the uterine contractions usually during the last trimester of pregnancy. It helps to monitor patterns associated with the fetal activity and to detect the pathologies. In this paper, random forest classifier is used to classify normal, suspicious and pathological patterns based on the features extracted from the cardiotocograms. The results showed that random forest classifier can detect these classes successfully with overall classification accuracy of 93.6%. Moreover, important features are identified to reduce the feature space. It is found that using seven important features, similar classification accuracy can be achieved by random forest classifier (93.3%).