• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.190-194
• /
• 2003

두물차의 수량은 관행시비 (4회 분시)에 비해 완효성 비료 9월, 3월 분시 2회 와 3월 1회 분시는 수량차가 없었으나 9월 1회 분시는 감수되었다. 관행시비에 비해 완효성비료 2회 분시가 총 질소, 총 아미노산은 많았고, tannin과 caffeine 함량은 적은 경향이었으며 엽록소, 비타민 C, 유리당 함량과 감칠맛 주성분인 theanine 함량은 차이가 없었다. 형상, 향, 맛 등 제다품질은 완효성 비료 2회 분시가 1회 분시나 관행 시비 (4회 분시)에 비해 우수하였다. 그러나 완효성 비료처리는 토양비료성분 중 질소, 인산, 칼리의 효율성을 향상시켜 차잎 수량 및 품질을 증가시킨다고 생각된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.312-317
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA) treatment on growth of red pepper and nutrient availability to salt accumulated soil in the plastic film house. The treatments were no application (Control), chemical fertilizers (NPK), DTPA (0.06, 0.13, and 0.19 mM) and the half of chemical fertilizers (NPK) with DTPA 0.06 mM. Fruit yield of red pepper showed no significant difference between the treatments (control, NPK, DTPA 0.06 mM, 0.13 mM, except for DTPA 0.19 mM. Red peppers were killed by DTPA 0.19 mM treatment because the high concentration of DTPA was toxic to crop. However, dry mass (stem and leave) and nutrient uptake of red pepper in DTPA 0.06 mM treatment increased significantly compared with those of control. In particular, nutrient uptake of red pepper in DTPA 0.06 mM treatment increased in the order of Fe, Mn, and Zn > Ca and Mg > K, as the magnitude of the stability constants of DTPA. Thus the application of DTPA 0.06 mM was the most effective for the alleviation of nutrient accumulation in the plastic film house soils.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.1016-1022
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 논 토양에서 규산질 비료의 성상이 다른 두 종의 규산질 비료의 토양 시비를 통한 토양의 화학적 특성 변화와 벼의 화학적 영양 성분을 평가하고자 수행하였다. 강원도 춘천시 소재 논 토양에서 두 종 (슬래그를 이용한 입상 규산질 비료와 수용성 입상 규산질 비료)의 규산 처리 수준에 따른 토양환경 변화를 보기 위해 무처리와 관행시비, 처리 기준의 0, 1, 2, 4배 처리 후 토양 화학적 변화를 고찰하였다. 슬래그를 이용한 규산질 비료의 처리 시 토양 pH는 시험 전 토양 pH에 비하여 상승하였으나 수용성 규산염을 원료로 한 규산질 비료의 처리 시에는 pH의 변화가 나타나지 않았는데 이는 수용성 규산염의 처리 양이 적고 가수분해율이 적기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 슬래그를 이용한 규산질 비료를 처리한 구의 토양 유효규산 함량은 15일과 35일까지는 슬래그를 이용한 모든 규산질 비료 처리 구에서 증가하였다. 하지만 처리 60일 후부터는 유효규산 함량이 감소하는 것으로 나타났으나 수용성 규산염을 원료로 한 규산질 비료의 경우에는 토양 유효규산 함량의 증가가 대조구와 비교하여 볼 때 매우 적게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 슬래그를 이용한 규산질 비료 처리구에서는 처리량에 관계없이 무처리 구에 비해 치환성 칼슘과 유효 인산 함량이 증가하는 것으로 나타났으나 최고 수준 (4배)의 처리구에서의 유효 인산 함량은 비례적으로 증가하지는 않았다. 슬래그를 이용한 규산질 비료 처리구에서의 볏짚의 규산 함량은 무처리구와 관행 처리구에 비해 모두 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 규산질 비료를 처리함에 따라 규질비 ($SiO_2$/N)가 증가하였다. 관행 처리구와 슬래그를 이용한 규산질 비료 100% 처리시의 규질비는 각각 8.4와 11.5로 나타났다. 본 실험의 연구 결과를 통하여 슬래그를 이용한 규산질 비료의 토양시비는 토양의 화학적 성질 개선 및 수도 생육을 위해 바람직하나 수용성 규산질 비료의 경우에는 엽면 시비를 통한 액상 분무 등을 통하여 시비를 하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제27권
• /
• pp.68-79
• /
• 1984

An increased population and rapidly expanding industrial development have led to enormous amounts of various domestic and industrial wastes. The proper disposal of ever-increasing wastes is a growing global problem. Land treatment is one of the rational approaches that are environmentally safe and economically practical. It has long been practised in many sites. Recycling of industrial wastes on agricultural land can provide better possible means for maintaining environmental quality and utilizing waste-resources. Even though industrial wastes are beneficial as soil amendment and fertilizer, they have some limitation on land application because of wide variability as well as physicochemical problem in their composition. A direct application of solid and liquid wastes on land is being practised in Korea and some experimental results are presented. The direct application of fermentation waste on rice resulted in a 6 percent yield increase. Another organic residue from glutamic acid fermentation is widely used not only as a direct application as a liquid fertilizer but also for a raw material of organic compound fertilizer. These wastes are much promising as sources of plant nutrients, since they have large amounts of nutrients, especially nitrogen with few toxic metals. On the other hand, fertilizers developed from inorganic industrial wastes include calcium silicate, calcium sulfate and ammonium sulfate. The calcium silicate fertilizer simply produced from slag, by-product of iron and steel manufacturing plant is one of the most successful example of the conversion of wastes to fertilizer and slag production capacity totals to over three million MT/year. About 200,000 MT of calcium silicate fertilizer is currently applied in the paddy rice every year. Calcium sulfate, a waste from the wet phosphoric acid process is to some extent used as a filler of compound fertilizers but quite large quantites are directly applied for the reclamation of tidal flat.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.88-92
• /
• 2001

돈분발효퇴비(P)와 혼합유박비료(B, F), 부산물퇴비(D) 4종의 유기질비료와 토양 미생물제제(M)의 시용 효과를 규명하기 위하여 배추와 상치를 공시작물로 시설하우스에서 재배하면서 생육 및 수량을 조사하였다. 유기질비료의 추천 시비량 처리구에서 수량이 가장 좋았으며, 과량 처리구에서는 비해가 발생하였으나, 미생물제제의 혼용에 의해 현저한 비해 감소 현상을 볼 수 있었다. 또한 같은 비종 및 동일한 시용량 처리구에서도 미생물제제를 혼용하였을 때 생육이 안정되었으며, 수량도 높은 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 유기질비료의 과량처리는 비해가 발생할 수 있으며, 미생물제제의 시용으로 생육 및 수량이 향상되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.510-516
• /
• 2016

Soil respiration has been recognized as a key factor of the change of organic matter and fertility due to the carbon and nitrogen mineralization. In this study, we evaluated the effect of soil respiration on the light fraction-C and inorganic N content depending on temperature in soil applied with organic matter. Soil respiration was calculated by using total $CO_2$ flux released from soil applied with $2Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of rice straw compost and rye for 8 weeks incubation at 15, 25, $35^{\circ}C$ under incubation test. After incubation test, light fraction and inorganic N content were investigated. Rye application dramatically increased soil respiration with increasing temperature. $Q_{10}$ value of rye application was 1.69, which was higher 27% than that of rice straw compost application. Light-C and $NO_3-N$ contents were negatively correlated to soil respiration. Light-C in rye application more decreased than that in rice straw compost with temperature levels. These results indicate that temperature sensitivity of soil respiration could affect soil organic mater content and N availability in soil due to carbon availability. Also, light fraction would be useful indicator to evaluate decomposition rate of organic matter in soil under a short-term test.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.427-432
• /
• 2016

Nitrous oxide is one of the main sources of greenhouse gases and its concentration has increased from 273 ppb in 1,750 to 315 ppb in 2005. Specially, nitrogen fertilizer used in agricultural soils is considered as an important source of atmospheric $N_2O$ emission. This study was conducted to estimate the difference of nitrous oxide emission as chamber position on furrow and ridge and crop existence in gas sampling chamber on upland. Four treatments used in this experiment were (1) no-fertilizer without crop in chamber on ridge, (2) fertilizer application without crop in chamber on ridge, (3) fertilizer application with crop in chamber on ridge, (4) fertilizer application without crop in chamber on ridge and furrow. Nitrous oxide emission at fertilizer application with crop in chamber on ridge were the highest while were the lowest at no-fertilizer without crop in chamber on ridge. There was no significant difference of nitrous oxide emission by chamber position, but total emission by crop existence in chamber was significant difference. Therefore, in order to estimate greenhouse gases emission using chamber method in upland, it should be considered in correlation with crop existence in chamber and characteristic changes like as the soil moisture, microbial flora by crop growth stage.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제49권4호
• /
• pp.657-666
• /
• 2022

Nitrogen (N) is a vital element in growing crops and is essential for improving the yield and quality of crops. Thus, N fertilizer is the most widely used fertilizer and the primary N input source in soil-crop systems. Inorganic fertilizers such as urea are known to improve crop productivity and increase soil fertility. However, application with excessive amounts can interfere with crop growth and accelerate soil acidification. For these reasons, the use of organic fertilizers, which mainly contain organic nitrogen, has gradually increased worldwide. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of N fertilizer on the growth of Chinese cabbage including its functional compounds glucosinolates (GSLs). For the cultivation of Chinse cabbage, inorganic fertilizer was used for urea, and organic fertilizers were divided into conventional and biochar-based fertilizers. The growth parameters of Chinese cabbage treated by organic fertilizers was better than those of the inorganic fertilizers. Additionally, it was found that their co-application was more efficient. However, their GSL contents were lower with the application of the organic fertilizers. The characteristics of the experimental soil also changed according to the type, amounts and co-application of fertilizers. Therefore, this study presents the basis for an eco-friendly method that can increase the functionality and productivity of Chinese cabbage compared to conventional cultivations.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.269-277
• /
• 2012

In order to investigate the effects of different maize-bean intercropping patterns, and of nitrogen fertilizers on morphological and yield related traits, a factorial study based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was performed during the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons in a research filed of Shiraz University, Iran. The first factor of the study was seven different ratios of Maize-Bean intercropping system (Maize sole cropping, Bean sole cropping, and intercropping of maize/bean at the ratios of 1/3, 1/1, 2/3, 3/2 and 3/1) and the second factor was three nitrogen (N) fertilizer application levels (0, 100 and 200 kg N/ha). Results showed that with respect to increasing the levels of N fertilizer, the yield of bean sole cropping decreased but the yield of maize sole cropping increased. On the other hand, in intercropping systems with N fertilizer application, the yield of both crops increased. Results of total land equivalent ratio (LER) for both crops showed that the highest LER value under both 100 and 200 kg N/ha application was that of M1B1 (1 seed of maize after 1 seed of bean, consecutively, on a row with same distance). Under no N fertilizer application the highest LER value was that of M2B3 (2 seeds of maize after 3 seeds of bean, consecutively, on a row with same distance). Overall, it can be concluded that M1B1 is the best intercropping pattern in maize-bean intercropping systems and that the application of N fertilizer can be effective within practical settings of intercropping agriculture, resulting in higher yields.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제53권6호
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2011

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of control-release fertilizer (CRF) on pollutant loadings from a small watershed. The Baran watershed, 386 ha in size, was selected as the study site, and the AGNPS (Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution) model was used to evaluate the effects of fertilizer types. Digital maps of digital elevation (DEM), slope distribution, channel, flow direction, landuse, soil, and curve number were extracted from the study watershed. Model parameters related to hydrology and water quality were calibrated and validated by comparing model predictions with the observed data collected for 2 years (1999 to 2000). Calibration and validation resulted in $R^2$ values of 0.75-0.91 for all the water quality parameters. All the paddy fields (21.2 %) of the study watershed were sprayed by either CRF or NPK (standard fertilizer). In CRF application, total nitrogen (TN) load was 4.9% less than NPK application, however total phosphorus (TP) load was 0.7 % more than NPK application. In CRF application, considering only paddy fields in the study area, TN load was 38.7 % less than NPK application. Using CRF in paddy fields could be one of the ways to reduce pollutant loadings from agricultural watersheds, however, in order to confirm it, more researches about effects of using CRF are necessary.