• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2022

Korean medicine has traditionally provided a lot of medical care for the treatment of infertility. The combination treatment of Korean medicine and Western medicine can be effective for infertility to improve the problems caused by the extremely low fertility rate and the aging of pregnant women. In relation to female infertility, we reviewed the evidence for Korean medicine treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome, which has recently been increasing interest in female infertility, and the evidence for the collaboration between Korean and Western medicine in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility. Because polycystic ovary syndrome is closely related to metabolic diseases related to endocrine abnormalities, hormone treatment alone has limited therapeutic effects and has side effects. In domestic and international research, herbal medicine and acupuncture in the treatment of infertility have shown good clinical effects based on the hypothesis of various mechanisms of effect, and many cases of successful pregnancy have been reported. Although continuous research through large-scale randomized clinical studies is needed to prove efficacy, the importance of combined treatment of Korean medicine and Western medicine in infertility treatment is increasing in order to solve the extremely low fertility rate. Combining artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization with Korean medicine treatment is highly likely to be effective in increasing pregnancy success and fertility rates. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome, which is recognized as a metabolic disease due to endocrine abnormalities among the causes of female infertility, Korean medicine treatment can increase the pregnancy rate with herbal medicines and acupuncture, etc. Although well-designed large-scale clinical studies are currently lacking and meta-analysis has not provided sufficient evidence, the combination treatment of Korean medicine and Western medicine is more active to increase the pregnancy rate for solving the problem of low fertility.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) on clinical outcomes among high-risk patients. Methods: This retrospective study involved 1,368 patients and the same number of cycles, including 520 cycles with PGT-A and 848 cycles without PGT-A. The study participants comprised women of advanced maternal age (AMA) and those affected by recurrent implantation failure (RIF), recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), or severe male factor infertility (SMF). Results: PGT-A was associated with significant improvements in the implantation rate (IR) and the ongoing pregnancy rate/live birth rate (OPR/LBR) per embryo transfer cycle in the AMA (39.3% vs. 16.2% [p<0.001] and 42.0% vs. 21.8% [p<0.001], respectively), RIF (41.7% vs. 22.0% [p<0.001] and 47.0% vs. 28.6% [p<0.001], respectively), and RPL (45.6% vs. 19.5% [p<0.001] and 49.1% vs. 24.2% [p<0.001], respectively) groups, as well as the IR in the SMF group (43.3% vs. 26.5%, p=0.011). Additionally, PGT-A was associated with lower overall incidence rates of early pregnancy loss in the AMA (16.7% vs. 34.3%, p=0.001) and RPL (16.7% vs. 50.0%, p<0.001) groups. However, the OPR/LBR per total cycle across all PGT-A groups did not significantly exceed that for the non-PGT-A groups. Conclusion: PGT-A demonstrated beneficial effects in high-risk patients. However, our findings indicate that these benefits are more pronounced in carefully selected candidates than in the entire high-risk patient population.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2007

This study was conducted to examine the effect of several saccharides on the induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) and to examine the effects of mono and polysaccharides on the penetration activity of boar spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were inseminated in medium with fucose, galactose and mannose as monosaccharide, and fucoicIan. galactan and marman as polysaccharide. The penetration rates were significantly (p<0.05) lower in medium with galactose (40.6%), mannose (38.1%), fucose (41.6%) and fucoidan (36.6%) compared with control (56.7%). The rates of AR were increased (40.7 to 59.8%) by the preincubation periods prolonged from 0 to 4 hr (p<0.05). Similar tendencies were observed in AR when spermatozoa were treated with monosaccharides, but not significantly differ among the groups treated with different time of preincubation with some exception of galactose. When spermatozoa were treated with polysaccharides, the rates of AR were significantly (p<0.05) increased by preincubation time prolonged from 0 to 4 hr with an exception of fucoidan. In conclusion, the present study suggests that penetration rate of spermatozoa is higher in presence of polysaccharides than monosaccharides. Also, it may resume that the comparing to control, the all saccharides (L-fucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, fucoidan. galactan and mannan)-treated groups slightly increase the AR pattern as preincubation time prolonged.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2010

목 적: 본 연구는 체외수정술에서 배양 3일째 2개의 난할단계 배아 (2ET)와 3개의 난할단계 배아 (3ET)를 이식했을 때 각각의 임신성적을 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 연구방법: 2007년 1월부터 2009년 6월까지 한 명의 불임전문 의사에게 시술받은 2ET군 100명을 환자의 나이와 체외수정 주기의 특성을 고려하여 3ET군 100명과 비교한 후향적 환자군-대조군 연구를 시행하였으며, 두 군 모두 양질의 배아만을 이식하였다. 각각의 임신율, 착상율, 다태임신율을 비교하였다. 결 과: 환자의 특성, 체외수정 주기 및 배아의 특징은 두 군 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2ET군과 3ET군 모두 비슷한 임신성적을 보여주었다; 착상율 (41.0% vs. 35.3%), 임신율 (58.0% vs. 60.0%), 임상적임신율 (55.0% vs. 59.0%), 진행임신율 (51.0% vs. 55.0%). 두 군 모두 높은 다태임신율을 보여주었으나, 3ET군에서 유의하게 더 높은 전체 다태임신율과 삼태임신율을 보여주었다 (30.9% vs. 50.8%, p=0.031; 1.8% vs. 11.9%, p=0.036). 결 론: 나이가 ��고 양질의 배아를 가진 좋은 예후를 예측할 수 있는 여성에서 체외수정술 시행 시 배양 3일째 2개의 배아를 이식하더라도 3개의 배아를 이식했을 때와 비슷한 임신성적을 얻을 수 있고, 다태임신 (특히, 삼태임신)을 줄일 수 있다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 1983

본시험은 산란노계의 인공수정에 있어서의 적정주정간격을 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 580일령 백색레그혼 수탉 20수, 530일령 갈색실용산란계암탉 120수를 공시하였으며, 시험기간중의 평균산란율은 61.6%이었고 공시란은 2,283개이었다. 주정간격 T$_1$ 2일, T$_2$, 4일, T$_3$ 6일의 3개 처리구를 설정하여 혼합정액을 1회 0.03$m\ell$씩 주입하였다. 6일마다 알을 수집, 부화 5일만에 투시검란하였던 바 시험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 전시험기간중의 주정간격별 평균수정율은 T$_1$(2 일) 87.5%, T$_2$(4 일) 81.1%, T$_3$(6 일)65.1%로서 T$_1$과 T$_3$, T$_2$와 T$_3$ 사이에 5% 수준의 유의차가 인정되었다. 주정후의 일별수정율의 평균은 각구 모두 주정 후 제2일이 가장 높아서 T$_1$, 90.7%, T$_2$, 84.0%, T$_3$, 71.7%이었으며, 그 이후는 점진적으로 조금씩 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 본시험결과를 종합컨대 노산란계에 있어서의 적정주정간격은 2일이라 하겠으며, 전반적으로 주정회수를 거듭함에 따라 수정율이 점증하였는데 2일간격 주정의 경우 최고수준의 수정율(98.2%)에 도달하는 주정회수는 6회차 이었다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.85-111
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• 2010

한국사회가 최근 초저출산율이 지속되고, 사망율이 괄목할 만큼 개선되면서 장래인구 추계는 새로운 도전을 받고 있다. 이 연구는 장래 인구를 보다 정확한 예측하고, 양질의 정보를 제공하기 위한 방안을 한국의 경우를 중심으로 여타 저출산 국가들과 비교연구를 통해 논의하였다. 구체적으로 이 연구는 1) 통계청이 실시한 2009년도 인구추계를 2006년도 공식 인구추계와 비교분석 하였고, 2) 한국의 인구추계방식을 다른 나라의 경우와 비교 분석하였다. 비교에는 어떤 기관이 인구추계를 담당하는지, 얼마나 먼 장래까지 추계 하는지, 얼마나 자주 행해지는지, 그리고 추계에 사용되는 출산, 사망, 이주에 관련된 가정과 시나리오의 수를 고려하였다. 3) 향후 50년간장래인구를 확률적 인구추계 방식을 도입하여 예측해 보았다. 4) 마지막으로 2011년 장래인구추계에 사용될 시나리오를 살펴보았다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 이 연구는, 장래인구추계의 정확성을 높이기 위해서 인구추계를 좀더 자주 실시할 것과, 단기와 장기추계의 구분, 시나리오 수를 기존 네 가지에서 더 늘릴 것을 제안하였다. 또한 기준인구 산정에 있어 국내 체류중인 외국인 인구를 고려할 것과 확률적 인구추계 방식도 도입할 것을 제안하였다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.14-31
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• 1988

The national family planning program in Korea, which was instituted as an integral part of the nation's economic development plans since 1962, has contributed greatly to a reduction in the fertility and population growth rate. The total fertility rate dipped from 6.0 births per women in 1960 to 2.0 in 1985, and the population growth rate rom 2.84 percent per year to 1.25 percent during the same period, while the contraceptive practice rate for the 15-44 married women increased from 9 percent in 1965 to 70 percent in 1985. Study findings indicate that the fertility reduction in the past 26 years is largely attributed to the virgorous implementation of the national family planning program, rising age at marriage, wide-spread use of induced abortion, and the changes in attitude regarding the value of children that came into being in the wake of the rapid socio-economic development over the period. Among the strengths of the national family planning program are the following : 1) a pluralistic system of program manageent with active participation of various government and voluntary organizations, 2) utilization of a large corps of family planning field workers to conduct face-to-face communication and motivation activities, 3) use of private physicians with government support to provide contraceptive services, 4) a systematic program management system including program planning of traget allocation, evaluation, and supervision with a broad MIS and award system, 5) numerous incentive and disincentive schemes for stimulating the small family norm and contraceptive use, and 6) strong commitments to the family planning program by political leaders. The new demographic targets during the Sixth Five-Year Economic and Social Development plan period(1987-91) have been set for a further reduction in the population growth rate to 1.0 percent by 1993, assuming that the TFR will decline to 1.75 level in 1995. This target is, however, not easy to achieve due to anticipated unfavorable factors like the strong boy preference, high discontinuation rates of reversible contraceptive methods, fertility termination-oriented contraceptive use, a plateau level of contraceptive practice rate that has mostly accounted for a sterilization, shortened length of birth intervals, and the changing patterns of contraceptive mix. The recent changes in contraceptive and fertility behaviors clearly indicate that the past quantity-oriented management system of the national program should be redirected toward a quality-oriented approach. Particularly, program efforts should be expanded to recruit new contraceptive users in the 20s of younger age groups, both for birth spacing and controlling their fertility since the women aged 20 to 29 account for more than 80 percent of the total annual births in recent years. In addition, the current contraceptive fee system of the national family planning program should be gradually shifted from free contraceptive services to a acceptor's charge system, and the provision of contraceptive services through the medical insurance system, which will cover the entire population by 1989, should be accelerated as a means of integration of family planning program with other health programs.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2022

본 연구는 미혼 남녀의 출산의도에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악하기 위해 계획된 행위이론을 적용한 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료 수집은 미혼 남녀 168명을 대상으로 2021년 4월 5일부터 4월23일까지 이루어졌다. 연구결과 일반적 특성에서 남성이 여성보다 출산의도가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으며, 연령과 학력이 높을수록, 직업이 있는 경우, 비정규직인 대상자의 출산의도가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 계획적 행위이론(TPB)을 구성하는 변수 간의 상관관계를 살펴 본 결과, 출산에 대한 태도가 긍정적일수록, 주관적 규범이 클수록, 지각된 행위통제가 클수록 출산의도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 츨신의도에 미치는 요인을 남성, 여성으로 나누어 분석한 결과, 남성의 경우 출산 태도만이 출산의도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 출산의도에 대한 설명력은 62.2%이었다. 여성의 경우 출산 태도와 지각된 행위통제가 출산의도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치며 이들 변수들의 출산의도에 대한 설명력은 69.0%이었다. 미혼남녀의 출산의도를 높이기 위해서는 장기적이며 포괄적인 접근이 필요하고, 향후 저출산 관련 정책 및 교육 프로그램 개발에 있어 본 연구결과가 기초자료를 제공하였다는 점에서 연구의 의의가 있다고 본다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.777-784
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• 2006

본 연구는 돼지에서 정자 SCSA와 정자 운동성 및 인공수정을 이용한 분만율과의 상관관계를 조사하기 위해 인공수정센터에서 정액 생산용으로 이용되고 있는 종모돈 중 개체별 정액을 이용한 인공수정 번식성적을 가지고 있는 종모돈 26두의 정액 성상 기록과 번식성적을 분석 하였고, 액상정액을 공시하여 정자운동성 분석과 SCSA를 실시하였다. 종모돈의 정액 채취 횟수에 따른 SCSA 분석은 종모돈 26두를 공시하여 정액을 8주간 6회 채취하여 공시하였다. 종모돈은 인공수정 분만율(80% 이상 ; 종모돈 7두, AI 256복, 8070% ; 종모돈 9두, AI 745복 및 70% 미만 ; 종모돈 10두, AI 293 복)에 따라 3개 군으로 구분 하였다. 액상 정액의 CASA 분석 결과는 분만율에 따른 종모돈 군 간에 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 종모돈의 SCSA 결과는 분만율이 높을수록 COMP αt, %Red, %Peak R 및 %Mean R 값은 낮게 나타났고, 분만율이 가장 낮은 종모돈 군과 다른 두 군간에 유의적인 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 종모돈 정액을 채취 차수에 따른 정액의 성상과 SCSA를 조사한 결과에서 채취 차수에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 종모돈의 인공수정 분만율과 SCSA 결과와의 상관관계는 COMP αt, SD αt, %Red, %Peak R, Mean R는 모두 부의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과에서 SCSA는 종모돈 정액의 수정 능력을 평가하고 예측하는데 유용한 방법으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.8.1-8.6
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• 2014

Background: Artificial insemination (AI) can serve as a powerful tool to the sheep owners for making rapid genetic progress of their flock. The AI in sheep is mostly performed using fresh semen with two reasons i) lambing rate following trans-cervical AI with frozen semen is limited by the inability of frozen-thawed sperm to transit the cervix and ii) the need of circumventing the cervical barrier through laparoscope aided intrauterine AI. Therefore, AI with frozen-thawed semen is not as widespread in sheep as it is in other domestic species. However, to get maximum benefits through the use of AI, frozen-thawed semen is a prerequisite because instead of high fertility, the short shelf life of fresh semen coupled with a limitation on the number of insemination doses achievable per unit time restricts the widespread use of individual sires. Therefore, in order to enhance lambing rate, a total of 240 trans-cervical artificial inseminations with frozen-thawed semen were performed in Bharat Merino ewes during autumn season either once in the evening (G-I, 10 h after onset of estrus, n = 100) or twice (G-II, 14 h and 22 h after onset of estrus, n = 140) i.e. once in the morning and again in the evening. Results: The pregnancy rate (proportion of pregnant ewes confirmed by ultrasonography at day 40) and lambing rate (proportion of ewes lambed) were higher in G-II as compared to G-I (26.4 vs 20% and 19.3 vs 10%, respectively). The difference in lambing rates was statistically (P < 0.05) significant. The depth of insemination within cervico-uterine tract had no significant effect on pregnancy and lambing rates. Conclusions: The results indicate that lambing rate in sheep following TCAI with frozen-thawed semen was significantly influenced by time of inseminations. Two inseminations after 14 and 22 h of onset of estrus enhanced the lambing rates of Bharat Merino sheep as compare to single insemination after 10 h of onset of estrus. The TCAI technique with frozen-thawed ram semen is promising and may serve as a valuable tool for genetic improvement of sheep breeds. Research efforts are going on worldwide to overcome the poor fertility following TCAI with frozen-thawed semen.