• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.242-248
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• 1991

김치에 사용되는 여러가지 부재료가 발효 숙성에 미치는 영향을 알기 위하여 주재료인 배추에 조미료 및 젓갈의 종류와 배합량을 달리하여 담근 김치의 숙성중 발효속도, pH, 적정산도 및 ascorbic acid 함량의 변화를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 절인 배추의 염농도를 3%로 조절한 다음 고추가루, 마늘 및 청파는 2%, 생강은 1% 첨가하고 설탕, M.S.G., 멸치젓, 새우젓 및 굴을 각각 1, 2, 3%씩 첨가한 김치중에서 설탕 첨가구는 24시간 이후에 발효속도가 대체적으로 첨가량에 비례하여 높아졌다. M.S.G. 첨가구는 24시간경부터 발효속도와 적정산도가 다같이 높아졌다. 멸치젓 및 새우젓의 첨가시에도 발효속도 및 적정산도가 다같이 높게 나타났으나, 숙성중 ascorbic acid의 함량은 현저하게 감소하였다. 굴 첨가의 경우에도 발효속도 및 적정산도가 다같이 약간 높았다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1991

한국의 김치와 일본의 지물(漬物), 그리고 한일양국의 젓갈류는 공통(共通)의 전통식품이다. 이들 식품을 식품학적 관점에서 비교, 검토하는 것은 한일양국간의 식문화의 공통성과 상위성 그리고 독자성을 파악하는데 중요하다고 보아 금번 이들 전통식품의 무기질을 분석, 비교 검토했다. 1. 한국의 김치 중의 식염농도는 1.8%이고 일본지물(日本漬物)는 $1.8{\sim}5.3%$(저농도 조미지물(漬物) : 2.8%, 일본산김치 : 1.8%, 간장지물(漬物) : 5.3%)이다. 2. 김치의 Na/K치는 1.7이고 지물(漬物)의 Na/K치는 $2.6{\sim}27.3$(저조미농도지물(漬物) : 4.6, 일본산김치 : 2.6, 간장지물(漬物) : 27.3)이다. 3. 김치는 지물(漬物)보다 식염이 적고 Na/K치가 낮으므로 고혈압의 원인이 되는 식품으로 볼 수 없는 것으로 사려된다. 4. 김치 중의 K, Ca, Mg는 지물(漬物)보다 현저하게 높다. 5. 김치 중에는 어개류를 통해 들어온 Ca량(量)이 높고 지물(漬物)에는 식물성식품에 의한 Ca이 들어 있다. 6. 한국의 젓갈은 일본에 비해 식염과 Na양이 많고 Na/K치도 높다. 이상의 결과에서 양국간에 유사성이 보이는 김치와 지물(漬物)에서 그 재료와 식습관상의 차이점이 나타났고 김치는 다양한 식품이 혼합되어 복합적인 맛을 내나 일본은 단순, 단백한 맛을 기호하는 각각(各各)의 특징이 보이고 있다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.289-299
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• 1997

This study was performed with survay in the field and literature. The result were; 1. In Vietnam, They took their meal in three times a day. They have taken Nuoc nam (fish sauce) with sliced red pepper, half a lime, etc... in every day every night. Fish Sauce was prepared with small fish (generally fresh- water fish), the same amount of salt, and stored in 8 months, and made filltered fluid. It's Nuoc mam. They have gained protein sauce from it. 2. Their basic menu were composed with rice, soup, food with marine products and meat (generally pork), various vegetables, tropical fruit. 3. Food of cereals were Com Trang (white rice), Pho (rice noodle), Chao (rice gruel), Banh Trang (rice paper), Banh mi (bread) etc... Food of meat were Ho sua, Banh bao chien (barbecued little pork), Suon Nuon (grilled pork), Cha Lua (sausage of pork) etc..., Thit be nhung (grilled beef, Dog meat, Chicken, Duck, Frog. Food of fish were generally fresh-water fish, Ca Chien (grilled fish), Canh chua (soup with sour taste), Ca chem chung (steamed fish with fragrant vegetable), Lobster, Crab, Oyster, Cuttlefish, Shellfish, etc... Food of vegetables were Doa Hanh (Kimchi with a welsh onion), Rau xao hon hop (roasted vegetables), Goi Tom (salad), Canh he dau hu (soup) etc..., and They took much food of trophical fruit, Tra (Tea), Coffee, Lua Moi (distilled liquor). 4. For example, Their Daily meal were composed of Sup Bong Ca (Soup), Heo Sua, Banh Bao Chien (barbecued little Pork), Top Hap (steamed shrimp), Cua (steamed Crab), Luon Um (bioled a fresh-water eel), Lau Thap Cam, Hai Sam Sac Nam Dong Co, Trai Cay.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.312-318
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• 1999

Volatile compounds in salt fermented anchovy on the market were analyzed by vacuum simulta neous distillation solvent extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/olfactometry(V SDE/ GC/MS/O) and aroma extract dilution anlaysis(AEDA). Predominant odorants(Log3FD$\geq$8) in sample were ethyl methylbutanoate(candy like/sweet) and 2 ethyl 3,5 dimethylpyrazine(nutty/baked potato like). Besides these compounds, 6 odorants such as ethyl 3 methylbutanoate(sweet/floral/ candy like), 3 methylbutanal(dark chocolate like), (Z) 4 heptenal(rancid/fish like), (methylthio) propanal(soy sauce /baked potato like), (E,Z) 2,6 nonadienal(melon /cucumber like) and (E,E) 2,4 decadienal(fatty/cooked soybean like) were potent in odor value of salt fermented anchovy. Seven amino acids having high taste value in sample were glutamic acid, aspartic acid(sour and umami taste), lysine, alanine(sweet), histidine, valine, and methionine(bitter).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2019

Trimethylamine (TMA) is a nitrogen-based aliphatic organic compound. It is a major odorous component of fish and fishery products and is often used as an indicator of fish quality. The efficacy of TMA removal by various yeast strains was investigated. The five yeast strains found to be most effective in removing TMA were isolated from fermented foods and were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on biochemical and 18S rRNA sequence analyses. These strains were designated as S. cerevisiae SK1511, SK1512, SK1513, SK1514 and SK1515. Yeast cultures were treated with a TMA solution (0.3%, v/v), and the level of TMA reduction was analyzed by headspace gas chromatography. The five S. cerevisiae strains removed 32.02-50.34% of the TMA from the solution. This study is the first to demonstrate TMA reduction by microbial treatment.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.402-408
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• 1998

A rapid processing method for fermented sauce of favorable flavor was investigated with low-usefulness marine resources. Hydrolyzed at optimal conditions for 6 hours usuing alcalase, and separated by molecularporous membrane. It's very effective for remove bitter taste at below M.W. 100 dalton, and effective at below M.W.500 dalton. Added 2% invert sugar in fermented sauce at below M.W.500 dalton, and thermal treatment at 100$^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes were improved flavor. Chemical composition of fermented sauce using hair tail were 80.7% of moisture, 2.2% of carbohydrate, 1.8% of total nitrogen, 1.6% of amino nitrogen and pH was 6.5. The ratio of amino nitrogen in total nitrogen was 77.8%. And chemical composition of fermented sauce used gizzard shad, kangdale, pen shell and oyster were similar to fermented sauce used hair tail. Total nitrogen were above 1.8% and the ratio of amino nitrogen in total nitrogen was 77.7∼84.2% in all fermented sauce. Amino acid contents in fermented sauce used hair tail, gizzard shad, kangdale, pen shell and oyster were 4,318.1mg%, 4,681.3mg%, 3,156.2mg% and 4,175.0mg%, respectively. And the predominant free amino acid were glutamic acid, lysine and glycine in all fermented sauce.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.823-830
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• 2014

This study conducted to investigate the quality of commercial fish sauce and determine the grade of them by measuring the chemical compositions and biogenic amines. The commercial salt-fermented anchovy sauce contained 65.84-70.94% (mean : 68.39%) of moisture, 22.19-25.43% (24.22%) of salinity, 5.4-6.1 (5.8) of pH, 0.76-1.61%(1.18%) of total nitrogen, 478.52-924.66 mg/100 g (702.05 mg/100 g) of amino nitrogen and 584.59-1593.52 mg/kg of histamine. Whereas commercial salted-fermented sand lance sauces contained 66.63-71.99% (68.73%) of moisture, 23.9-25.5% (24.57%) of salinity, 5.5-6.4(6.16) of pH, 0.64-1.46% (1.07%) of total nitrogen, 433.51-1006.67 mg/100 g (665.36 mg/100 g) of amino nitrogen and 194.01-1839.68 mg/kg of histamine. Correlation of TN, AN and VBN containing nitrogen was high, but there was no significant correlation between these results and histamine. In total nitrogen content, 6 of the 20 fish sauces were less than Korea Food Standard. The eight samples were less than the amino nitrogen regulation of Korean Industrial Standard (KS). And 14 fish sauce were exceeded by 68% for moisture content standard of Korean Industrial Standard.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 1999

A study on the hydrolysis of anchovy using proteolytic bacteria isolated from anchovy jeotkal (a salt-fermented fish) was carried out to develop a rapid process of liquefied anchovy jeotkal. Five kinds of proteolytic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus sp.-l, Photobacterium sp., Volcaniella sp., Staphylococcus sp.-2 and Bacillus sp., were isolated from the anchovy jeotka1 that fermented with $20\%$ NaCl at room temperature for 2 months. Those grew well at $40^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0 on TPY broth with $2.0\%$ NaCl. The optimal hydrolysis temperature, pH, time and proteolytic bacteria densities for hydrolysis of minced anchovy were$40^{\circ}C$, 7.0, 6 hours and $1.8\times10^8$ cells/g raw anchovy, respectively.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.357-366
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to investigate college students' perception and preference of Korean traditional foods during November in 1994. 493 students in Taejon area were asked to fill out the questionaires. The collected data were analyzed by SAS package. The average height and weight were 173.04 cm, 64.46 kg for male and 161.73 cm, 49.33 kg for female. Students living their own home were 48.8% and self-lodging students were 30.2%. Male have a meal for hunger and female for pleasure (p<0.002). They choose their foods based on the taste (84.6%) and nutrition (8.2%). 85.5% of students prefer Korean traditional foods. Most students think that the Korean traditional foods should be succeeded and developed. However, they want the taste of Korean traditional foods to be changed for their preference. Kimch'i is the most favorate fermented foods. The fermented fish products and jang-atchi are the most unfavorate ones. They don't like too salty taste and strong smell of the Korean fermented foods.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.666-673
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• 2012

젓갈은 전통적인 수산 발효 식품으로 각광을 받고 있으나 높은 염 함량을 보이므로 본 연구에서는 근래에 문제시 되고 있는 염을 대체하기 위한 방법의 일환으로 일반 염 대신 죽염을 첨가한 자리젓을 제조하고, 그 이화학적 성분 및 미생물수의 변화에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 자리젓 숙성 후 저장기간 동안의 생균수의 변화를 측정한 결과, 죽염을 사용한 자리젓 시료가 일반염 사용 시료에 비하여 미생물 수가 적은 결과로부터 미생물의 생육은 일반염과 비교하여 죽염에 의해 더욱 억제됨을 알 수 있었다. 저장기간 중의 pH의 변화는 일반염이나 죽염을 사용한 경우 모두 점진적으로 상승하는 경향을 보였다. 색차계로 측정한 L, a 그리고 b값은 저장기간 중 일반염, 죽염 공히 지속적으로 큰 변화 없이 진행되었으며, 일반염과 죽염을 사용한 자리젓의 염도를 측정한 결과 저장기간 중 큰 변화는 발견되지 않았다. 자리젓의 염 종류와 염도의 차이에 따른 수분함량을 측정한 결과, 염의 농도가 감소함에 따라 수분의 함량이 높아졌으며, 또한 죽염 25% 첨가구를 제외하고는 죽염을 사용한 시료의 경우가 수분함량이 약간 적었다. 핵산관련물질의 정량실험에 있어서는 일반염, 죽염 공히 다른 ATP분해 산물과 비교하여 hypoxanthine의 축적이 숙성기간 중에 더욱 진행되었다. 일반염과 죽염 첨가 자리젓의 유리아미노산 분석을 수행한 결과, lysine, glutamic acid, proline, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine 및 histidine이 많아 총 유리아미노산의 69~74%를 차지하였으나 taurine은 극미량 검출되었다.