• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of artificial filaments equipped in the aeration tank of aerobic·fermentation system on the removal efficiency of swine wastes which were fermented an aerobically and thus containing high nitrogen. Two aerobic fermentation system each consist4s of 4 tanks ; storage tank, 1st and 2nd aeration tank and settling tank were run before and one or three weeks after equipment of artificial filament in the aeration tanks. Total solids concentration tended to increase by aerobic fermentation in all running periods. However, decreased(P<0.05) total nitrogen concentration was shown three weeks after the equipment of artificial filament. Ammonia nitrogen concentration also largely decreased(p<0.05) in both running periods of one and three weeks after equipment of artificial filaments. These results suggest that the artificial filaments may improve the removal efficiency of nitrogen in swine wastewater containing high nitrogen during aerobic fermentation.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2019

In this study, the flow analysis of fermentation tank, digester and dryer, which are the main equipment in environmental energy facilities, was carried out. Numerical analysis was carried out with the size of the actual plant, and 3D modeling program CATIA V5 R16, grid generation program Gambit, and general purpose flow analysis package ANSYS-FLUENT (v13) were used. Simulation results of the carrier gas flow analysis in the STD dryer using the computational fluid dynamics program showed that the carrier gas smoothly circulated between the shells of the dryer and the flow was uniformly distributed without stagnation or flow. It is also predicted that rotational flow due to shell rotation is active. The average flow velocity of carrier gas in the STD dryer was estimated to be about 0.196m / s, and the average temperature of the carrier gas was calculated to be 424K. Due to the relatively slow carrier gas velocity and high average temperature, the water content of the sludge can be effectively lowered.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

This study was conducted to solve the problem of public grievance owing to odor of a pig farm. Odor emissions from pig production systems mainly originate from liquid manure storage and solid manure fermentation. The low-cost odor abatement system (OAS) for application at liquid manure storage tank and solid manure fermentation facilities was developed in this study. The OAS adapted odor removing principles of a biofilter and biotrickling filter. The OAS is very simplified in structure. The appearance of the OAS had a form of cylindrical or cubical shape. The system performance was monitored for about one year after stabilization. A 7 seconds empty bed contact time for the OAS was adapted to achieve the odor reduction levels. The commercial type of OAS was constructed with media comprised of wood chips. Moisture content always remained above 50% wet basis. Average ammonia removal efficiency for the developed design was 89% at the liquid manure storage tank. Also, the removal efficiency at a solid manure fermentation facility was 86% on ammonia.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.938-941
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• 2006

Continuous fermentation process for the production of soluble glucan using mutant Agrobacterium sp. ATCC31750 has been developed in this research. When the concentration of soluble glucan was higher than 6 g/l, the viscosity of the fermented broth was too high and it needs complex separation process to separate from culture broth. Mathematical models which describe the cell growth and glucan production was developed and they kinetic parameters were estimated with experimental data. They are used for the optimization of continuous fermentation process and calculate optimal dilution rate for easy separation of glucan 4 g/l. With continuous fermentation, glucan production rate was increased 1.8 times more than that with batch fermentation.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2002

멸치액젓을 소규모 및 대규모 탱크로 나누어 재래식 방법으로 제조하여 실온 ($15\~24^{\circ}C$)에서 18개월 동안 숙성시키면서 2-3개월 간격으로 식품 성분변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 소규모 및 대규모 탱크 멸치액젓 모두 총질소 및 아미노산성 질소함량, 그리고 ATP 관련물질 총량은 숙성기간에 비례하여 일정하게 증가하였으며, 숙성 6개월 후에는 발효조 크기에 따른 상대적 효소량의 차이로 인해 대규모 탱크 멸치액젓이 소규모 탱크 멸치액젓보다 육의분해속도가 빨라 큰 함량의 차이를 보였지만, 숙성기간이 길어짐에 따라 효소활성의 저하로 18개월 후에는 함량의 차이가 적어졌다. 요산은 원료육에서는 나타나지 랴았지만, 소규모 탱크 멸치액젓은 숙성 8개월 후부터, 대규모 탱크 멸치액젓은 숙성 7개월 후부터 액젓의 ATP 관련물질 중에서 가장 많은 양을 차지하고 있었다 HXR+HX 함량과 요산량이 교차하는 숙성 12.6개월 (소규모 탱크 멸치액젓)과 10.3개월 (대규모 탱크 멸치액젓) 부근은 가용화율이 각각 $73\%$ 및 $76\%$로 높은 분해율을 보이는 지점이었고, 관능적인 맛과 냄새면에서도 우수한 것으로 나타나 숙성 최적지점인 것으로 추정된다. 18개월간 숙성시킨 소규모 탱크 멸치액젓의 유리아미노산 총량은 8,769.7mg/100mL으로 대규모 탱크 멸치액젓 함량 (9,983.3 mg/100mL)의 $88\%$ 정도였다. 유리아미노산 중 glutamic acid는 숙성기간에 따라 가장 큰 폭으로 증가하여 18개월 후에는 소규모 탱크 멸치액젓에서 그 조성비가 $20\%$인 1,750.3m조100 mL, 대규모 탱크 멸치 액젓에서는 $21\%$인 2,100.3 mg/100 mL으로 가장 높았으며, 그 다음이 소규모 탱크 멸치액젓에서는 aspartic acid ($12.0\%$), alanine ($9.4\%$), Iysine ($8.9\%$), valine ($7.4\%$) 순이었고, 대규모 탱크 멸치액젓에서는 alanine ($12.6\%$), aspartic acid ($11.9\%$), valine ($6.3\%$), Iysine ($6.2\%$) 등의 순으로 주요 아미노산의 종류는 같지만 조성순이 달랐다. 그리고, 액젓의 색도는 대규모 탱크 멸치액젓이 소규모 탱크 멸치액젓보다 숙성기간을 통하여 그 값이 높았다

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2003

내화학성이 강하고 반영구적이며 외관이 미려한 조립식 법랑 판넬을 이용한 가축 분뇨 및 음식물 쓰레기의 처리에 사용할 수 있는 저장 탱크의 설계 및 제작에 관하여 연구하였다. 일반 콘크리트 저장랭크에 비하여 30%이상의 시공 비용 절감 효과를 얻었으며, 법랑을 이용하여 지상에 건설하여 침출수를 원천적으로 방지하고, 지하에 일시 저장한 분뇨를 펌프를 사용하여 지상으로 끌어 올려 숙성 발효시키는 액비 탱크에 적용하여 시공하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.430-437
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• 2011

The effects of the agitation and aeration rates on the production of serratiopeptidase (SRP) in a 5-L fermentor (working volume 2-l) were systematically investigated using Serratia marcescens NRRL B-23112. The dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, biomass, SRP yield, and maltose utilization were all continuously measured during the course of the fermentation runs. The efficiencies of the aeration and agitation were evaluated based on the volumetric mass transfer coefficient ($K_La$). The maximum SRP production of 11,580 EU/ml with a specific SRP productivity of 78.8 EU/g/h was obtained with an agitation of 400 rpm and aeration of 0.075 vvm, which was 58% higher than the shake-flask level. The $K_La$ for the fermentation system supporting the maximum production (400 rpm, 0.075 vvm) was 11.3 $h^{-1}$. Under these fermentor optimized conditions, kinetic modeling was performed to understand the detailed course of the fermentation process. The resulting logistic and Luedeking-Piret models provided an effective description of the SRP fermentation, where the correlation coefficients for cell growth, SRP formation, and substrate consumption were 0.99, 0.94, and 0.84, respectively, revealing a good agreement between the model-predicted and experimental results. The kinetic analysis of the batch fermentation process for the production of SRP demonstrated the SRP production to be mixed growth associated.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.56-66
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 가축분뇨 처리시설의 호기성 액비화 과정에서 발생하는 열을 회수하기 위한 폐열회수 시스템을 고안하여 시스템을 구성하는 요소 장치의 성능을 분석하였다. 또한, 회수된 열의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 실험 설정을 위해 가축분뇨 처리시설의 액비 발효조에서 발생하는 발효열을 확인하였다. 호기성 액비화를 위한 발효조의 온도가 균일성을 나타낸 특성과 34.5 ~ 43.9 ℃의 범위에서 운영되는 점을 고려하여 실험 온도 수준을 35, 40, 45 ℃로 설정하였다. PE 및 STS 파이프로 구성된 복합열교환기는 53.5, 65.6, 74.4 MJ/h 열에너지를 회수하고, 5 RT 용량의 히트펌프는 95.6, 96.1, 98.9 MJ/h 열에너지를 축열 하였으며, 이때 히트펌프의 난방성능계수는 4.53, 4.62, 4.65이었다. 발효조의 온도를 45 ℃로 가정한 열교환기의 최대 온수 생산능력을 급탕량 산정 방법으로 비교했을 때 56 360 kcal/day의 에너지 공급량을 확인하였다. 축열조와 연계된 FCU의 온풍 난방능력은 20.8 MJ/h, 에너지 이용효율은 96.1 %였다. FCU의 온풍으로 퇴비를 건조하였을 때 초기함수율 50.5 %에서 건조 후 함수율 45.8 %로 4.7 % 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1342-1350
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• 2009

This paper investigates the production and optimization of $\beta$-galactosidase enzyme using synthetic medium by Kluyveromyces lactis NRRL Y-8279 in stirred tank bioreactor. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effects of fermentation parameters on $\beta$-galactosidase enzyme production. Maximum specific enzyme activity of 4,622.7 U/g was obtained at the optimum levels of process variables (aeration rate 2.21 vvm, agitation speed 173.4 rpm, initial sugar concentration 33.8 g/L, incubation time 24.0 hr). The optimum temperature and pH of the $\beta$-galactosidase enzyme produced under optimized conditions were $37^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, respectively. The enzyme was stable over a pH range of 6.0-7.5 and a temperature range of $25-37^{\circ}C$. The $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ values for O-nitrophenol-$\beta$-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) were 1.20 mM and $1,000\;{\mu}mol/min{\cdot}mg$ protein, respectively. The response surface methodology was found to be useful in optimizing and determining the interactions among process variables in $\beta$-galactosidase enzyme production. Hence, this study fulfills the lack of using mathematical and statistical techniques in optimizing the $\beta$-galactosidase enzyme production in stirred tank bioreactor.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2006

Kojic acid production by Aspergillus flavus strain S44-1 using sucrose as a carbon source was carried out in a 250-mL shake flask and a 2-L stirred tank fermenter. For comparison, production of kojic acid using glucose, fructose and its mixture was also carried out. Kojic acid production in shake flask fermentation was 25.8 g/L using glucose as the sole carbon source, 23.6 g/L with sucrose, and 6.4 g/L from fructose. Reduced kojic acid production (13.5 g/L) was observed when a combination of glucose and fructose was used as a carbon source. The highest production of kojic acid (40.2 g/L) was obtained from 150 g/L sucrose in a 2 L fermenter, while the lowest kojic acid production (10.3 g/L) was seen in fermentation using fructose as the sole carbon source. The experimental data from batch fermentation and resuspended cell system was analysed in order to form the basis for a kinetic model of the process. An unstructured model based on logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations was found suitable to describe the growth, substrate consumption, and efficiency of kojic acid production by A. flavus in batch fermentation using sucrose. From this model, it was found that kojic acid production by A. flavus was not a growth-associated process. Fermentation without pH control (from an initial culture pH of 3.0) showed higher kojic acid production than single-phase pH-controlled fermentation (pH 2.5, 2.75, and 3.0).