• 한국안광학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2012

목적: 본 연구에서는 음주에 의해 소프트콘택트렌즈에 침착되는 단백질 및 지질 양의 변화가 있는 지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용하는 50명의 남성을 대상으로 콘택트렌즈 착용 상태에서 음주 시 불편감이 초래되었는지 여부를 설문조사하였다. 또한, 안질환이 없는 32명의 성인에게 etafilcon A 재질의 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용시킨 후 각각 음주(190 mL)시와 비음주시로 나누어 4 시간 후에 렌즈에 침착되는 단백질 및 지질 양을 측정하였다. 결과: 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용한 상태에서 음주를 할 경우 응답자의 58%가 착용감의 이상을 경험하였다고 하였으며, 뻑뻑함, 시야 흐림, 건조감 등과 같은 증상들을 경험하였다고 답하였다. 음주에 의해 소프트콘택트렌즈의 단백질 침착양은 평균 $59.3{\mu}g/lens$ 증가하였으며, 2배 이상 증가한 경우도 9안에 달하였다. 그러나 소프트콘택트렌즈에 부착되는 단백질의 종류는 라이소자임(lysozyme)으로 변함이 없었다. 음주에 의한 콜레스테롤 양은 비음주시의 85.5%였으며(p=0.25), 메틸 올레인산의 양은 52.6%에 불과하여(p=0.002) 알코올 섭취로 인해 소프트콘택트렌즈에 침착되는 지질양에 변화가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 음주로 인하여 소프트콘택트렌즈에 침착되는 단백질 및 지질 성분의 조성이 달라졌으며 이러한 변화가 소프트콘택트렌즈 착용 시 음주에 따른 불편함의 원인과도 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2005

본 연구는 경기지역에 위치한 치위생과 2, 3학년 학생을 대상으로 구강암에 대한 지식과 태도 및 신념을 파악하고자 하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 구강건강에 대한 태도를 알아본 결과 응답자의 41.0%가 구강질환을 경험한 적이 있었으며, 발생 시에는 대부분 치과의원을 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 구강검진 또한 치과의원에서 1년에 1번씩 검진을 받는다는 응답이 가장 많았으며, 구강건강에 우식성 식품의 섭취가 가장 좋지 않다고 답하였다. 2. 구강건강에 대한 신념에 있어서 42.9%가 본인의 구강이 건강하다고 생각하고 있었으며, 88.6%는 본인의 구강에 대해 염려가 된다고 하였다. 3. 구강암에 대한 지식에서 63.3%가 학교에서 알게 되었으며, 32.2%만이 구강암에 대한 예방법을 알고 있다고 답하였다. 구강암의 치료방법에서 수술이 가장 높게 나타났다. 4. 구강암에 대한 태도에 있어 구강암의 관심정도를 알아본 결과 45.4%가 관심이 있다고 답하였다. 5. 구강암의 신념에서는 불량한 구강환경을 구강암의 첫 번째 원인으로 꼽고 있으며, 91.3%가 구강암이 심각하다고 생각하고 있었다. 또한 응답자의 대부분은 구강암에 대한 예방과 치료가 모두 가능하다고 답하였다. 구강암 예방을 위해 정기적인 구강검진이 가장 중요하다고 하였다. 6. 구강건강과 구강암에 대한 신념의 상관관계를 조사한 결과 약한 양의 상관관계로 구강에 대한 염려가 높을수록 구강암에 대한 관심도가 높고 구강암에 대해서도 심각하다고 생각하고 있었으며, 통계적으로 유의한 관계를 보이고 있었다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2012

In recent years, national health insurance(NHI) coverage had been expanded gradually for cancer as a severe disease requiring high level of medical expenditure, to reduce patient's financial burden. But, subjective burdens level for out-of-pocket(OOP) money expense are still considerable owing to high medical cost and decent numbers of services not covered by benefit plan. This study aimed to investigate OOP medical expenditures and identify factors influencing subjective financial burden in cancer patients. A 28-items questionnaire for self-reporting by responders was designed to satisfy study goal and finalized following by one pilot study and experts' verification process. Subjects were enrolled during July to October 2010 through regular meetings organized by five patient or patient-advocacy groups had acknowledged the study purpose. Subjects who aged 20 or more, have histories of cancer diagnosis and anticancer drug use, and voluntarily agreed to participate in this study were recruited. Total 107 subjects included in the analysis have cancer lesions in breast, colon, kidney, liver or stomach at the stages from I to IV. Approximately 73% of them has passed less than 5 years since cancer diagnosis. For the OOP medical expenditure regarding cancer, less 6 million won was in 31%, 6-15 million won in 35% and more than 15 million won in 28% of responders, and more than half responders(58%) felt financial burden subjectively. 63% of responders had subscribed commercial insurances, resulting in money receipts of more than 10 million won since cancer diagnoses in 76% of responders. Logistic regression results showed significant differences in subjective OOP financial burden level depending on gender, household income level, benefit type, commercial insurance money receipt degree, year cancer diagnosed, cancer lesion, therapy type, duration of anticancer drug use, drug listing in national formulary, total OOP medical expenditure and total OOP anticancer drug expense. They had mixed feelings both wishes to expand NHI coverage to reduce financial burden(70%) and no willingness to increase premium(59%). This result suggested that NHI might direct future strategies to reduce absolute total OOP medical cost and expand benefit plan coverage in higher burden groups in particular.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2007

A Study about the Effect of the Kwang-Dong Qi-Gong Therapy in Bariatrics. The purpose of this study is to find out what effects the practice of Qi-Gong shows in controlling obese that is one of the main causes of adult disease. In this study, the researchers chose some overweight or obese subjects over 17 years and divided them into two groups, and gave 4 weeks of twelve treatments to one group with Kwang-Dong Qi-Gong therapy developed by Hong Seong-Gyun in Kwang-Dong, and did not give any treatment to another group. And the effects were evaluated by comparative analysis. Before and after the treatments, the researchers measured the height, weight, body fat, BMI(Body Mass Index), hip size, etc. of two groups of them. And the health condition and eating habits of each persons of the two groups were examined before the experiment, and the difference of eating habits between the two groups was investigated in the course of the experiment, and the effects of the therapy that the treated group felt is investigated with an questionnaire sheet after the experiment. The following shows the result of the comparative analysis about the experiment 1. The result of the experiment about the effect of Kwang-Dong Qi-Gong therapy treated to control overweight or obese shows that : a) The height, body weight, BMI, body fat index, chest size did not make any statistically meaningful difference. b) The measurements of hip, waist, forearms, thighs, calves, and ankles made meaningful differences. 2. In the course of the experiment, the eating habits of the two groups did not make any significant difference except the frequency of dining together. 3. The effect of Kwang-Dong Qi-Gong therapy for the group that was given 12 treatments shows that : a) Regarding the change of their defecation, 81% of the subjects in the treated group said 'Yes' and 19% said 'No', that is most of subjects answered positively. b) Before the experiment, three subjects of the treated group had been taking medicine, but after the practice of Kwang-Dong Qi-Gong therapy, they appeared to stop taking medicine. c) 87% of subjects in the treated group said that they 'feel well' after he practice, 13% said that they 'did not feel well', that is most of subjects were satisfied with Kwang-Dong Qi-Gong therapy. d) 81% of subjects in the treated group replied that they 'feel peaceful in mind' after the practice, 19% replied that they 'did not feel peaceful in mind.'

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2017

암(caner)라는 중증의 질환을 가지고 있는 환자의 경우, 방사선 치료시 받을 수 있는 불안감, 폐쇄적 공포심을 알아보려 하였다. 연구의 대상은 각각 선형가속기의 치료, 토모테라피 치료를 받는 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 연구의 방법은 설문조사의 방법으로 시행을 하였다. 설문의 내용은 치료시간별로 조사 하였고, (5분 이내의 치료시, 10분이내, 20분 이상, 30분 이상), 장비의 고장으로 인한 치료실 및 치료기기 변경의 경험에 대한 설문조사를 시행하였다. 설문에 성실히 응답한 200개의 설문지를 연구한 결과 방사선치료의 경험이 없을수록 불안감이 많았으며 그 이유로는 치료시 고틍이 있을 것 같다는 의견이 지배적이었다. 치료기로는 선형가속기가 가장 불안감이 높았으며 이유는 환자의 테이블의 개방감 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 가장 안정적인 상태는 토모테라피 치료를 20분 이상 30분 미만 시행한 경우였으며 치료시 토모테라피 치료장비의 아늑함이 원인이었다. 30분이 초과된 경우는 외부와 분리에 대한 불안감으로 불안한 심리상태를 보였다. 본 논문을 통하여 임상에서는 환자의 만족도를 높이는 양질의 의료서비스를 제공하기 위한 제반 자료로 활용되길 기대해 본다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.118-128
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• 2009

Objects: This study was conducted to investigate the current educational environment of herbology and to develop a future-oriented curriculum for oriental medicine. The questionnaire used in this research was drawn up based on the current curriculum referring to the current curriculum of herbology and pharmacognosy. Methods: The survey was carried out presenting the questionnaires to a total 12,754 of the students and doctors of oriental medicine through e-mailing five times; of these, 2,074 replied. Results: 1. Among the respondents, about 97% agreed that it was necessary to revise and complement the current curriculum of herbology. 2. The respondents felt that the assigned lecture time of subject was "sufficient" (19%), "insufficient" (39%) and "average" (39%), respectively, and the level of lecture was "insufficient" (37%) or "average" (43%) respectively. According to priority, it showed that the contents which needed complement in lecture were discrimination of medicinal herbs (24%), practical use of action and indications (23%), and correlation with modern disease (21%). In theoretical lectures, 69% of the respondents agreed on the introduction of natural scientific methods 3. In practice, 51% of the respondents replied that the lecture time for practice was insufficient. The contents which needed to be complemented in practice were as follows: audio-visual materials for discrimination of medicinal herbs (22%), concrete exercise for the processing of medicinal herbs (21%), and attempts for the objective discrimination of medicinal herbs using instruments (microscope, analytical instrument, residual pesticide, heavy metal, genetic analysis) (16%). 70% replied that the discrimination of medicinal herbs of high price and rarity was "none or insufficient". 4. 56% replied that it was necessary to introduce and practice physicochemical analysis, and they showed higher requests according to the increase of their educational level. However, 86% replied that they had never experienced concrete attempts for objective discrimination of medicinal herbs, which seemed to indicate that, excepting some schools, practice exercise was rarely performed. Conclusions: According to results, it seems that an urgent review on the current course of herbology and a workshop on the process of experimental practice for professors is needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.281-288
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• 1979

For years, physicians and anatomists have been interested in the heart that has one functioning ventricle. Various terms have been suggested for this entity including single ventricle, common ventricle, double-inlet left ventricle, cor biatriatum triloculare, and primitive ventricle. In this report, the term "single ventricle" is utilized as suggested by Van Praagh, and is defined as that congenital cardiac anomaly in which a common or separate atrioventricular valves open into a ventricular chamber from which both great arterial trunks emerge. An outlet chamber, or infundibulum, may or may not be present and give rise to the origin of either of the great arteries. This definition excludes the entity of mitral and tricuspid atresia. An 11 year old cyanotic boy was admitted chief complaints of exertional dyspnea and frequent upper respiratory infection since 2 weeks after birth. He was diagnosed as inoperable cyanotic congenital heart disease, and remained without any corrective treatment up to his age of 11 year when he suffered from aggravation of symptoms and signs of congestive heart failure for 2 months before this admission. On 22nd of May 1979, he was admitted for total corrective operation under the impression of tricuspid atresia suggested by a pediatrician. Physical check revealed deep cyanosis with finger and toe clubbing, and grade V systolic ejection murmur with single second heart sound was audible at the left 3rd intercostal space. Development was moderate in height [135 cm] and weight[28Kg]. Routine lab findings were normal except increased hemoglobin [21.1gm%], hematocrit [64 %], and left axis deviation with left ventricular hypertrophy on EKG. Cardiac catheterization and angiography revealed 1-transposition of aorta, pulmonic valvular stenosis, double inlet of a single ventricle with d-loop, and normal atriovisceral relationship [Type III C solitus according to the classification of Van Praagh]. At operation, longitudinal incision at the outflow tract of right ventricle in between the right coronary artery and its branch [LAD from RCA] revealed high far anterior aortic valve which had fibrous continuity with mitral annulus, and pulmonic valve was stenotic up to 4 mm in diameter positioned posterolaterally to the aorta. Ventricular septum was totally defective, and one markedly hypertrophied moderator band originated from crista supraventricularis was connected down to the imaginary septum of the ventricular cavity as a pseudoseptum of the ventricle. Size of the defect was 3X3 cm2 in total. Patch closure of the defect with a Teflon felt of 3.5 x 4 cm2 was done with interrupted multiple sutures after cut off of the moderator band, which was resutured to the artificial septum after reconstruction of the ventricular septum. Pulmonic valvotomy was done from 4 mm to 11 mm in diameter thru another pulmonary arteriotomy incision, and right ventriculotomy wound was closed reconstructing the right ventricular outflow tract with pericardial autograft of 3 x 4 cm2. Atrial septal defect of 2 cm in diameter was closed with 3-0 Erdeck suture, and atrial wall was sutured also when rectal temperature reached from 24`C to 35.5`C. Complete A-V block was managed with temporary external pacemaker with a pacing rate of 110/min. thru myocardial wire, and arterial blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg was maintained with Isuprel or Dopamine dripping under the CVP of 25-cm saline. Consciousness was recovered one hour after the operation when his blood pressure reached 100 /70 mmHg, but vital signs were not stable, and bleeding from the pericardial drainage and complete anuria were persisted until his heart could not capture the pacemaker impulse, and patient died of low output syndrome 320 min after the operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.289-296
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• 1979

For years, physicians and anatomists have been interested in the heart that has one functioning ventricle. Various terms have been suggested for this entity including single ventricle, common ventricle, double-inlet left ventricle, cor biatriatum triloculare, and primitive ventricle. In this report, the term "single ventricle" is utilized as suggested by Van Praagh, and is defined as that congenital cardiac anomaly in which a common or separate atrioventricular valves open into a ventricular chamber from which both great arterial trunks emerge. An outlet chamber, or infundibulum, may or may not be present and give rise to the origin of either of the great arteries. This definition excludes the entity of mitral and tricuspid atresia. An 11 year old cyanotic boy was admitted chief complaints of exertional dyspnea and frequent upper respiratory infection since 2 weeks after birth. He was diagnosed as inoperable cyanotic congenital heart disease, and remained without any corrective treatment up to his age of 11 year when he suffered from aggravation of symptoms and signs of congestive heart failure for 2 months before this admission. On 22nd of May 1979, he was admitted for total corrective operation under the impression of tricuspid atresia suggested by a pediatrician. Physical check revealed deep cyanosis with finger and toe clubbing, and grade V systolic ejection murmur with single second heart sound was audible at the left 3rd intercostal space. Development was moderate in height [135 cm] and weight[28Kg]. Routine lab findings were normal except increased hemoglobin [21.1gm%], hematocrit [64 %], and left axis deviation with left ventricular hypertrophy on EKG. Cardiac catheterization and angiography revealed 1-transposition of aorta, pulmonic valvular stenosis, double inlet of a single ventricle with d-loop, and normal atriovisceral relationship [Type III C solitus according to the classification of Van Praagh]. At operation, longitudinal incision at the outflow tract of right ventricle in between the right coronary artery and its branch [LAD from RCA] revealed high far anterior aortic valve which had fibrous continuity with mitral annulus, and pulmonic valve was stenotic up to 4 mm in diameter positioned posterolaterally to the aorta. Ventricular septum was totally defective, and one markedly hypertrophied moderator band originated from crista supraventricularis was connected down to the imaginary septum of the ventricular cavity as a pseudoseptum of the ventricle. Size of the defect was 3X3 cm2 in total. Patch closure of the defect with a Teflon felt of 3.5 x 4 cm2 was done with interrupted multiple sutures after cut off of the moderator band, which was resutured to the artificial septum after reconstruction of the ventricular septum. Pulmonic valvotomy was done from 4 mm to 11 mm in diameter thru another pulmonary arteriotomy incision, and right ventriculotomy wound was closed reconstructing the right ventricular outflow tract with pericardial autograft of 3 x 4 cm2. Atrial septal defect of 2 cm in diameter was closed with 3-0 Erdeck suture, and atrial wall was sutured also when rectal temperature reached from 24`C to 35.5`C. Complete A-V block was managed with temporary external pacemaker with a pacing rate of 110/min. thru myocardial wire, and arterial blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg was maintained with Isuprel or Dopamine dripping under the CVP of 25-cm saline. Consciousness was recovered one hour after the operation when his blood pressure reached 100 /70 mmHg, but vital signs were not stable, and bleeding from the pericardial drainage and complete anuria were persisted until his heart could not capture the pacemaker impulse, and patient died of low output syndrome 320 min after the operation.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.127-139
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of people in general about halitosis. The subjects in this study were 184 people who visited the clinical practice lab at J health college to get their teeth scaled. After a survey was conducted from May 1 to June 3, 2008, the analyzable answer sheets from 178 respondents were analyzed after four different areas were selected, which included smoking/nonsmoking, scaling experience, toothbrushing frequency and the use of oral hygiene supplies. SPSSWIN 12.0 program was utilized to make a frequency analysis and crosstabs analysis. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. Concerning subjective feelings of halitosis, 55.3 percent(99 people) of the respondents found themselves to have a moderate level of bad breath. 28.5 percent(51) deemed themselves to have a little foul breath, and 14 percent(25) didn't feel they had any bad breath. 2. As to the subjective level of halitosis, 89.8 percent(168) thought that their bad breath was a little perceived only by themselves, regardless of smoking, scaling experience, toothbrushing frequency and the use of oral hygiene supplies. 3. In regard to the cause of halitosis, 31 percent(56) cited plaque in the mouth as the cause, and 28.5 percent(51) pointed out the other causes that weren't mentioned in the questionnaire. 18.4 percent(33) cited decayed tooth, and 11.2 percent(20) pointed out gastroenteric disorder. 10.6 percent(19) viewed diabetes as the cause. 4. As to the time when they had the subjective symptom of halitosis, 114 respondents(63.7%) felt their own bad breath the most immediately after they got up 21.8 percent(39 respondents) did it when they were hungry 5.5 percent(9) did that before breakfast, and 4.5 percent(8) did that after having breakfast. 5. Regarding view of how to prevent halitosis, 52.5 percent(94) brushed their teeth frequently 21.2 percent(38) got their teeth scaled on a regular basis at a dentist's office, and 17.9 percent(32) drank water often. The above-mentioned finding seemed to suggest that the respondents weren't well aware of the fact halitosis was a sort of oral and systemic disease. Therefore the development of halitosis prevention and care programs geared toward practice lab visions were required.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.959-976
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• 2004

이 연구의 목적은 공룡 멸종 원인이라는 소재로 학생들의 생각을 조사하고, 이 생각과 일치하지 않는 대안적 가설을 제시하여 반응 유형을 분류하고 인지갈등과 개념 변화 정도를 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 경기도 안양시에 소재한 인문계 고등학교 2학년 187명의 학생을 대상으로 설문 조사하여 개념을 알아보고, 이 중 개념에 대한 신뢰 정도가 높게 나타난 98명의 학생들을 대상으로 대안적 가설을 제시한 후, 반응 유형 검사지를 이용하여 응답을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째 공룡 멸종 원인으로 대규모 운석 충돌이 가장 많았으며, 지각 변동에 의한 기후 변화(기온저하), 대규모 화산 분출, 먹이 부족, 질병(바이러스), 서식지 감소 순으로 응답하였다. 또한, 공룡 멸종은 단순히 한 가지 원인에 의한 것이 아니라 여러 가지 원인이 복합적으로 작용하여 멸종하였다고 생각하고 있다. 둘째, 대안적 가설에 대한 학생들의 반응은 거부, 재해석, 판단 불확실, 신뢰 감소, 부분적 이론 변화, 이론 변화 등 6가지의 유형으로 분류할 수 있었다. 셋째, 거부와 재해석 유형을 제외한 나머지 유형은 인지갈등이 유발된 것으로 분류하였으며, 전체적으로 62.3%가 인지갈등이 유발되어 6.1%의 개념 변화를 보였다.