• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Objectives : To prove the channel-tropism theory of herbal medicines on diabetes mellitus as emaciation-thirst disease in Korean Medicine Theory, we investigated the selective therapeutic effects of Mori Cortex Radidus (MCR), Schisandrae Fructus (SF), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR) for the upper emaciation on different organs in high fat and high sucrose (HF/HS) feeding-induced prediabetic mice. Methods : Diabetes in C57BL/6 mice was induced by the administration of high fat (45 kal%) and high sucrose (32 kal%) for 8 weeks, and them treated with each extract at 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks (once a day). Oral glucose tolerance test and body weight was measured once a week. Insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, ${\gamma}GTP$, GOT and GPT were measured in the sera of all mice. Histopathological changes of different organs, lung, heart, pancreas, stomach, liver, and kidney were observed by H&E staining. Results : The results revealed that MCR extract inhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and lung damage, and increased serum insulin levels in HF/HS-induced prediabetic mice. SF extract inhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and lung damage, increased serum insulin levels, and decreased serum triglycerige levels. Meanwhile, AR extract inhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and lung damage, and decreased serum levels of insulin, total cholesterol and triglycerige levels. Conclusions : These results demonstrated that MCR, SF, and AR extract as the upper emaciation herbal medicines were followed their channel-tropism theory like a lung, and may have a selective therapeutic potential for control of diabetic stage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1174-1183
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• 2010

In goats fed on dry forage twice a day, an esophageal fistula was used to investigate the physiological factors present in the marked suppression of dry forage intake that occurs after 40 min of feeding. The animals used in this study were five large-type male esophageal- and ruminal-fistulated goats. Roughly crushed alfalfa hay cubes with any large remaining chunks removed were used as feed for this research. The study was conducted under both normal feeding conditions (NFC) and sham feeding conditions (SFC). In the NFC control, the esophageal fistulae were closed by plugs and the animals ate dry forage in the normal manner. In the SFC treatment, before starting the experiment the plugs for closing the esophageal fistula were removed and the cannulae for collecting boluses were fitted into the fistulae. Therefore, the esophageal boluses were removed via an esophageal fistula before they entered the rumen. In the NFC control, eating rates sharply decreased in the first 40 min of feeding and were subsequently maintained at low levels. However, eating rates in the SFC treatment remained high after 40 min of the feeding period had elapsed and the goats ate continuously during the 2 h feeding period. In comparison with the NFC control ($1,794{\pm}203.80\;g$/2 h), cumulative dry forage intake in the SFC treatment ($3,182{\pm}381.69\;g$/2 h) was 77.4% greater (p<0.05) upon conclusion of the 2 h feeding period. In the SFC treatment, cumulative bolus output ($6,804{\pm}469.92\;g$/2 h) was about twofold the cumulative dry forage intake due to cumulative salivary secretion volume ($3,622{\pm}104.13\;g$/2 h) upon conclusion of the 2 h feeding period. The result indicates that large amounts of secreted saliva during dry forage feeding act in conjunction with consumed feed to form the ruminal load responsible for ruminal distension. The increased plasma total protein concentrations were higher in the SFC treatment than in the NFC control. However, plasma and ruminal fluid osmolalities increased in the NFC control during and after feeding but were mostly unchanged in the SFC treatment. In comparison with the NFC control ($3,440{\pm}548.04\;g$/30 min), thirst level in the SFC treatment ($1,360{\pm}467.02\;g$/30 min) was 60.5% significantly less (p<0.05) upon conclusion of the 30 min drinking period. The results of the present study indicate that In the second hour of the 2 h feeding period, dry forage intake is regulated by factors produced when boluses enter the rumen.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2011

To examine the effects of Euglena rubra (E. rubra) feeding on Nile tiapia, Oreochromis niloticus were fed diets containing dried powder of E. rubra at 0.5 or 2% for 4 weeks. Growth, selected hematological and non-specific immune parameters were assessed at 2 and 4 weeks. There were no significant changes in body weigh gain and erythrocyte levels. However a significant and diet E. rubra level-related decrease in leukocyte level was noted. Significant increases were observed in respiratory burst activity (nitroblue tetrazolium reduction) and lysozyme activities following E. rubra feeding. These results indicate that E. rubra could be beneficial to fish, but excess feeding could toxic.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.752-760
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• 1993

We research ed on the noise control of a head feeding type combine harvester. It is a kind of combine harvester developed in Japan. And at present, it is used by most Japanese farmer. For a head-feeding type combine harvester it is very difficult to determine the sources of noise because it is a combination of reapers and automatic , threshers and several running parts. However we succeeded in finding out the sound sources of combine harvesters and analyzing their sound by the using sound intensity method. The sound intensity Method is a very up-to-date method to measure and analyze Sound Intensity Levels and sound directions at several measuring point sin a specified area. In this research, first a conventional sound level measurement method is used and secondly the sound intensity method. The first method shows a rather great limitation in allowed exposure duration. The second method shows pin-points the engine itself as being the main source of noise, causing sound flows a ross the operator's seat.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.352-358
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• 2019

The supplementation effects of sea tangle powders were determined for the meat quality in Korean native black goats. A total 90 castrated male black goats at 3-month age were divided into 3 dietary treatment groups: control (basal diet + mineral block), T1 (0.3% sea tangle feeding with the basal diet), T2 (0.9% sea tangle feeding with the basal diet). At 9-months feeding, 10 goats per treatment group were slaughtered, and the longissimus dorsi muscle samples were vacuum-packed, and subsequently analyzed for physicochemical evaluations. Analysis revealed decrease in the shear force and TBARS values of meat in the sea tangle dietary groups (p < 0.05). The T2 group exhibited increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids such as C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, and C20:4 (p < 0.05). The content of free amino acids with desirable taste such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, and serine were higher in T2, whereas alanine content was higher in both sea tangle dietary groups, as compared to control (p < 0.05). These data indicate that feeding dietary sea tangle as an alternative mineral source results in an improvement in the physicochemical profiles of goat meat.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2005

The bed evolution of the stretch of the River Rhine between km-812.5 and km-821.5 is characterised by general bed degradation as a result of the river training works and dredging activities of the last two centuries. The degradation of the river bed affects the water levels, and so the navigation conditions. To combat the erosion of the river bed with the aim to keep up the shipping traffic and to avoid the ecological system damages due to water level reductions, sand-gravel-mixtures were added to the river (so called artificial grain feeding activities). This paper presents the results of an application of a graded sediment transport model in order to study morpholodynamical characteristics due to artificial grain feeding activities in the river stretch. The finite element code TELEMAC2D was used for flow calculation by solving the 2D shallow water equation on non-structured grids. The sediment transport module SISYPHE has been developed for graded sediment transport using a multiple layer model. The needs to apply such graded sediment transport approaches to study morphological processes in the domain are discussed. The calculations have been carried out for the case of middle water flow and different size-fraction distributions. The results show that the grain feeding process could be well simulated by the model.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 1987

The effect of the addition of the white powder separated from Sogi (Gyrophora esculenta) by the extraction methods with ethanol and acetone was checked by the feeding experiment in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet. From this experiment, it was confirmed that this material, which was assumed to be the mixture of gyrophoric acid and the decomposition products, could lower both liver and plasma cholesterol levels.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.222-226
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• 2003

The effects of dietary sources of C18:2 n-6 or C18:3 n-3 fatty acids on the occurrence of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and time-dependent changes of free fatty acid fractions in rumen contents were investigated. Sheep (n=4) fitted with rumen fistula were used in a 44 Latin square design wxith each 14 d period. Sheep were fed one of four diets consisting of grass hay and concentrates in a ratio of 70:30. Dietary treatments were 100% concentrates (served as the control), and concentrates were replaced by safflower seed at 30% (SFS), safflower meal at 18% - safflower oil at 12% (SFO), and safflower meal at 18%-linseed oil at 12% (LNO). At the end of each experimental period, rumen contents from each sheep were collected before feeding and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after feeding. The levels of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in free fatty acid fraction were considerably increased in all treated groups relative to the control, but not significantly. The increase in cis-9, trans-11 CLA was slightly higher in SFS and SFO groups than group fed diet containing linseed oil. The level of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in free fatty acid fraction was reached to the maximum value at 1hr after feeding and, thereafter gradually decreased to near the value before feeding. The generation of trans-11 C18:1 was significantly higher in all treated groups than that of control. The level of trans-11 C18:1 was linearly increased after feeding of experimental diets, reaching the maximum value at 3 h. Feeding of diets containing polyunsaturated fats to sheep resulted in a marked increase in the levels of trans-11 C18:1 and a slight increase of CLA in free fatty acid fraction of rumen contents. Our results support that endogenous synthesis of CLA from trans-11 C18:1 may be involved the primary source of CLA in dairy product. (Asian-Aust.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.429-436
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• 2012

본 연구는 흑염소 비육에 있어서 조사료원이 볏짚 단용인 경우 농후사료 급여수준이 흑염소의 사료섭취량, 체중변화, 도체특성 및 경제성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 비육 흑염소 40두를 공시하여 농후사료 급여수준을 체중의 1.5% (T1), 2.0% (T2, 농가관행), 2.5% (T3) 및 자유채식구(T4)로 나누어 급여 하였고 조사료는 볏짚을 자유채식 시켰으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 볏짚인 조사료 섭취량은 농후사료 급여수준이 증가 할수록 감소하였으며, 흑염소의 일당증체량은 체중대비 농후사료 급여수준 1.5, 2.0, 2.5% 및 자유채식구가 각각 22, 50, 69 및 94 g으로 농후사료 급여수준이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다(p < 0.05). 비육 흑염소의 도체율은 농후사료 급여수준을 체중비 1.5, 2.0, 2.5% 및 자유채식 시켰을 때 각각 41.77, 42.78, 46.12 및 49.78%로 농후사료 급여 수준이 증가할수록 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 지방률도 농후사료 급여수준이 증가 할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다. 경제성 분석에서는 농후사료 급여수준이 증가할수록 소득은 증가하였으며, 자유채식구가 두당 34,270원으로 가장 소득이 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합적으로 고려할 때 조사료 자원이 볏짚 단용일 경우 비육 흑염소의 농후사료 급여 수준은 자유채식 시키는 것이 사료이용성, 발육, 도체율 및 경제성에서 가장 유리할 것으로 사료되며, 흑염소의 비육을 위한 조사료 자원으로서 볏짚 단용은 농후사료비의 가중을 가져오므로 앞으로는 흑염소 비육을 위한 새로운 조사료 자원의 개발이 필요하다고 하겠다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.33-47
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• 1977

This study was devised to observe the nutritional effect by feeding of rice diet supplemented with Ginseng powder in Albino rats. The male albino rats (84 heads), weghing about 56g, were used for the experimental animals. They were divided into six diet groups; which were the 6.4% protein diet, the 12.8% protein diet and the 17.9% protein diet as the control and each control diet was supplemented with 3% of Korean Ginseng powder as experimental diet. These diet groups were again divided into 2 groups according to the feeding terms, 3 weeks and 6 weeks. The animals were sacrificed after feeding the coresponding diet for 3 weeks and 6 weeks and the liver, heart, kidney, intestine and serum were collected as samples for analysis. The growth rate, efficiencies of protein and food, lipid, cholesterol and nitrogen in the samples were determined. The results obtained are summerized as follows; 1. The growth rate were improved by feeding of the 13% and the 18% protein diet supplemented with 3% ginseng powder than the coresponding control diet group, although the same results were not observed in the 6.8% protein diet groups. 2. The consumptions of the food and the protein in each dietary group were similar to each other. 3. The efficiencies of the food and the protein were improved by feeding of the 13% and the 18% protein diet supplemented with the ginseng powder than each control diet group. 4. The lipid contents in the liver of each expperimental diet group, in the feeding for 3 weeks, were shown the tendency to increase slightly, compared with the coresponding control group, whereas in the feeding group for 6 weeks, the contents were shown rater the decreasing tendency. 5. The total cholesterol contents in the liver of each experimental diet group, in the feeding group for 3 weeks, were maintained slightly higher level than the coresponding control group, whereas in the feeding group for 6 weeks, the contents were shown similar levels. 6. The total cholesterol contents in the heart were maintained with similar level in each diet group and each feeding term.