• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 2011

This paper examines how multiple performance feedbacks influence firm's technological search, using two types of indicators : accounting-based performance and market-based performance. Also we investigate how CEO's attention shift depends on firm specific factors such as firm size and outsider ownership. For empirical analysis, we utilized financial data on 675 manufacturing firms in Korea during the period between 1998 and 2009. The results show that technological search based on accounting-based performance feedback is moderated by focal firm's size. However, as outsider ownership increases, technological search increases in response to market-based performance feedback.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.271-289
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• 2020

This study investigates the types of teacher feedback in the process-centered assessment for scientific argumentation. The process-centered assessment visualizes the process of developing scientific argumentation at a group level. Four teachers and 353 high school students participated in this study. We analyzed video recordings, the collaborative modeling-argumentation papers, and teachers' interviews. The findings indicate that the teachers provided feedback on scientific concepts and the development of small group argumentation. We presented a representative case for each category in detail. The study suggests that teachers' efficient use of feedback leads to improvement in students' self-regulation. This study contributes to providing specific and useful guidelines on the use of process-centered assessment for enhancing students' scientific argumentation.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.91-98
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of force feedback on video gamers' performance with two different types of game controllers, and to verify users' consistency on their perceptions of force feedback effect and their actual performances in video games. 42 qualified players' records on a driving video game were analyzed in this study. This study shows 1) the force feedback effect in video games depends on the type of game controllers, 2) there is inconsistency between gamers' perception on the force feedback effect and their actual performances with the force feedback effect, and 3) emotional pleasure (fun factor) plays a big role in gamers' performances.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.469-476
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations and analyze the mediation effect that exists between the feedback types by professors of university physical education and self-efficacy and sports continuance. The sampling method was used to survey physical education university students from three different universities located in the Greater Seoul Metropolitan Area. 309 samples were ultimately selected as valid samples. Data processing was carried out by using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. The fidelity of the whole model was assessed through this process and then the theory was tested. The results were as follows. Firstly, if the perceived feedbacks by the professor were complimentary/encouragement and performance knowledge/positive nonverbal feedbacks it had a positive effect. Negative nonverbal perceived feedback had a negative effect forecast. Secondly, complimentary/encouragement perceived feedbacks by the professor did not have a meaningful impact on sports continuance index. Performance knowledge/positive nonverbal feedback resulted in static effect while negative nonverbal feedback had a negative effect. Lastly, self-efficacy served a meaningful mediation role in the relation between negative nonverbal feedback by the professor and sports continuance.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.173-191
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• 2017

The theories of cultural evolution hold subtly or clearly different stances about definition of culture, pattern of cultural evolution, biases that affect cultural evolution, and relationship between culture and organism. However, the cultural evolution theories have a common problem to solve: As the evolutionary theory of life tries to explain the early steps and the origin of life, the cultural evolution theories also must explain the early steps of the cultural evolution and the role of the human capability that makes cultural evolution possible. Therefore, explanations of the human's unique traits including the cultural ability are related to determine which one is the most plausible among many cultural evolution theories. Theories that tried to explain human uniqueness commonly depict the coevolution of gene (organism) and culture. We will explicitly call the niche construction theory and the dual inheritance theory the 'gene-culture co-evolutionary theory'. In these theories, the most important concept is the 'concept of positive feedback'. In this paper, we distinguish between core positive feedback and marginal positive feedback, according to whether the trait that the concept of positive feedback explains is the trait of human uniqueness. Both types of positive feedback effectively explain the generality of human uniqueness and the diversity of human traits driven by cultural groups. However, this positive feedback requires an end, in contrast to negative feedback which can be continued in order to maintain homeostasis. We argue that the co-evolutionary process in the gene-culture co-evolutionary theories include only the positive feedback, not covering the cultural evolution after the positive feedback. This thesis strives to define the coevolution concept more comprehensively by suggesting the potential relationships between gene and culture after the positive feedback.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2016

The ways to interact with digital appliances are becoming more diverse. Users can control appliances using a remote control and a touch-screen, and appliances can send users feedback through various ways such as sound, voice, and visual signals. However, there is little research on how to define which output method to use for providing feedback according to the user' input method. In this study, we designed an experimental study that seeks to identify how to appropriately match the output method - voice and sound - based on the user input - voice and button. We made four types of interaction with two kinds input methods and two kinds of output methods. For the four interaction types, we compared the usability, perceived satisfaction, preference and suitability. Results reveals that the output method affects the ease of use and perceived satisfaction of the input method. The voice input method with sound feedback was evaluated more satisfying than with the voice feedback. However, the keying input method with voice feedback was evaluated more satisfying than with sound feedback. The keying input method was more dependent on the output method than the voice input method. We also found that the feedback method of appliances determines the perceived appropriateness of the interaction.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2020

Background: Augmented somatosensory feedback stimulates the mechanoreceptor to deliver information on bodily position, improving the postural control. The various types of such feedback include ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) and vibration. The optimal feedback to mitigate postural sway remains unclear, as does the effect of augmented somatosensory feedback on muscle co-contraction. Objects: We compared postural sway and ankle muscle co-contraction without feedback (control) and with either of two forms of somatosensory feedback (AFOs and vibration). Methods: We recruited 15 healthy subjects and tested them under three feedback conditions (control, AFOs, vibration) with two sensory conditions (eyes open, or eyes closed and the head tilted back), in random order. Postural sway was measured using a force platform; the mean sway area of the 95% confidence ellipse (AREA) and the mean velocity of the center-of-pressure displacement (VEL) were assessed. Co-contraction of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles was measured using electromyography and converted into a co-contraction index (CI). Results: We found significant main effects of the three feedback states on postural sway (AREA, VEL) and the CI. The two sensory conditions exerted significant main effects on postural sway (AREA and VEL). AFOs reduced postural sway to a level significantly lower than that of the control (p = 0.014, p < 0.001) or that afforded by vibration (p = 0.024, p < 0.001). In terms of CI amelioration, the AFOs condition was significantly better than the control (p = 0.004). Vibration did not significantly improve either postural sway or the CI compared to the control condition. There was no significant interaction effect between the three feedback conditions and the two sensory conditions. Conclusion: Lower-extremity devices such as AFOs enhance somatosensory perception, improving postural control and decreasing the CI during static standing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.21 no.4 s.54
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• pp.133-152
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• 2004

As the Internet facilitates the rapid increase of information availability, the study on SDI service that provides users with relevant document in a timely manner has been developed. However, the practical use of this service has been low. This thesis aims at analyzing the reasons for this and developing relevance feedback based SDI system to improve the performance of the existing SDI system. Experimental systems that are developed for this study are SDI system based on users' minimum intervention feedback, SDI system based on perfect automation feedback, and SDI system based on users' maximum intervention feedback. The fourth system that utilizes the traditional SDI system is also studied to evaluate the level of performance improvement of the newly developed three types of SDI system. As a result of this study, SDI system based on users' maximum intervention feedback showed greatest performance improvement. The next performance improvement happened in order of SDI system based on perfect automation feedback, SDI system based on users' minimum intervention feedback, and the traditional SDI system. Feedback based systems showed greater performance improvement as they went through more feedback processes.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.38-43
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• 2003

This paper proposes an optimum design problem of structural and control systems. taking a 3-D truss structure as an example. The structure is supposed to be subjected to initial static loads and time-varying disturbances. The structure is controlled by a state feedback $H_{\infty}$ controller to suppress the effect of the disturbances. The design variables are the cross sectional areas of truss members. The structural objective function is the structural weight. As the control objective, we consider two types of performance indices. The first function represents the effect of the initial loads. The second one is the norm of the feedback gain. These objective functions are in conflict with each other. Then, first, two control objective functions are transformed into one control objective by the weighting method. Next, the structural objective is treated as the constraint. By introducing the second control objective which considers the magnitude of the feedback gain, we can per limn the design which is robust in modeling errors.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-59
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• 2015

In the present study, the changes of mathematics teachers' verbal feedback between ten years ago and later were examined using a coding scheme on the types of teacher verbal feedback. Based on the analysis, it is found that teachers intend to use encouraging strategies to make responses to students ten years later. In addition, the duration used in communication between the teacher and individual student is being longer while the frequency of communication becomes less compared ten years ago. Meanwhile, the difference between good lesson ten years ago and common lesson ten years later is not so apparent. It can be inferred that the quality of teaching has being developed.