• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup3호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2016

Colorectal cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Fecal occult blood testing has proven a very effective screening tool for early detection and mortality reduction. The aim of this study was to determine predictors factors related to fecal occult blood testing using the Health Belief Model method among residents of Bushehr, Iran. A cross sectional study was performed on a sample of 600 men and women more than 50 years of age. The sample was selected by a convenience method from patients referred to public and private laboratories throughout the city. Each subject filled out a questionnaire which was designed and developed based on Health Belief Model constructs. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA, T-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression. Fecal occult blood tests were performed on 179 (29.8%) out of 600 subjects, of which 95 patients (58.1%) did a periodic examination test and 84 patients (46.9%) had a doctor's advice for testing. According to the logistic regression model, the perceived barriers (P=0.0, Exp(B)= 0.3), perceived benefits (P<0.01, Exp(B)= 1.9) and self-efficacy (P<0.01, Exp(B)= 1.6) were predictive factors related to occult blood testing among subjects. The results showed that reducing people's perception of barriers to testing, increasing perceived benefits of screening, and reinforcing self efficacy can have major effect in increasing the rate of fecal occult blood screening for colorectal cancer prevention.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2012

To date, there was no controlled-study regarding awareness and knowledge of colorectal cancer in the Turkish population. We therefore designed a questionnaire consisting of items related to socio-demographic parameters, medical and family history and questions of awareness and knowledge about colorectal cancer for use in a descriptive cross-sectional study. An interviewer-administered technique was applied and 450 subjects were interviewed in the outpatient clinics at Near East University Hospital. Among all subjects, 337 were found to be eligible for the study group. Exclusion criteria were age below 18 years, any cancer history, family history of colorectal cancer, current colorectal problems, history of any diagnostic or therapeutic interventions for colorectal diseases. All participants stated that they heard about colorectal cancer. When asked about the lifetime risk of colorectal carcinoma, only 25.4% of women and 37.9% of men estimated correctly. Univariate analysis revealed that the total awareness score was significantly correlated with age, marital status, parenthood and fecal occult blood testing history. On multivariate analysis of independent predictors for awareness of colorectal cancer were found to be history of fecal occult blood testing, age and marital status were found to be the most important determinants. As a conclusion, opportunistic screening with fecal occult blood test by physicians from non-gastrointestinal specialties not only helps to reduce the mortality but also increases the awareness of colorectal cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2016

Background: It is important to validate scales related to cancer screening beliefs in order to better understand perceptions. The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the colorectal cancer screening belief scale based on Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 600 persons referred to outpatient laboratory units in Iran through a convenience sampling procedure. In this cross-sectional study, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine construct validity of scale. Results: Through exploratory factor analysis, 52 items of the scale converged to five constructs of HBM with 4 items omission. Construct validity was determined by confirmatory factor analysis through which correlated model was supported. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole scale was obtained as 0.78, which indicates reliability of the scale. Conclusions: The study findings showed that this scale is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used for measuring HBM constructs about colorectal cancer screening with the fecal occult blood test.

• 분석과학
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2004

본 연구는 분변 잠혈 검출 키트 (one-step FOB(Fecal Occult Blood) kit)가 법생물학적으로 매우 중요한 혈흔 검출 및 사람 혈흔 판정에 적용 가능한지 알아보고자 하였다. 먼저 FOB 키트의 민감도를 결정하고 기존의 혈흔 검사법인 LMG 검사와 비교한 결과 1,000,000배 희석된 혈액까지도 검출 되었는데 이는 LMG 검사에 비해 약100배 정도 예민한 것이었다. 다른 동물 혈액에 대한 교차 반응 여부를 실험한 결과 FOB 키트는 사람의 혈액과만 반응하여 높은 특이성을 보여주었다. 또한 혈액의 보관 온도 및 경과 시간의 영향, 고온 처리의 영향을 알아보았으며, LMG 및 Luminol 시약의 영향에 대해서도 실험하였다. 사람 혈액 특이 항원은 매우 높은 안정성을 보여주었으며, 전통적인 혈흔 검사 시약인 LMG 및 Luminol에 대해서도 영향을 받지 않았다. 따라서 FOB 키트는 LMG 검사 및 Luminol 검사와 병행하여 사용하면 보다 신속하고 정확하게 사람 혈흔 여부를 판정할 수 있어 법과학 실험실에서는 물론 사건 현장에서의 혈흔 검사에 크게 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.237-241
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• 2012

Objective: Screening for colorectal cancer using guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests (gFOBT) is well established in Western populations, but is hampered by poor patient compliance due to the imposed dietary restrictions. Fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) do not require dietary restriction, but are more expensive than gFOBT and therefore restrict its use in developing countries in Asia. However, Asian diets being low in meat content may not require diet restriction for gFOBT to achieve equivalent results. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the validity and suitability of gFOBT and FIT or a combination of the two in screening for colorectal neoplasias without prior dietary restriction in an Asian population. Methods: Patients referred to the Endoscopic Unit for colonoscopy were recruited for the study. Stool samples were collected prior to bowel preparation, and tested for occult blood with both gFOBT and FIT. Dietary restriction was not imposed. To assess the validity of either tests or in combination to detect a neoplasm or cancer in the colon, their false positive rates, their sensitivity (true positive rate) and the specificity (true negative rate) were analyzed and compared. Results: One hundred and three patients were analysed. The sensitivity for picking up any neoplasia was 53% for FIT, 40% for gFOBT and 23.3% for the combination. The sensitivities for picking up only carcinoma were 77.8%, 66.7% and 55.5%, respectively. The specificity for excluding any neoplasia was 91.7% for FIT, 74% for gFOBT and 94.5% for a combination, whereas for excluding only carcinomas they were 84%, 73.4% and 93.6%. Of the 69 with normal colonoscopic findings, FOBT was positive in 4.3%, 23.2 %and 2.9% for FIT, gFOBT, or combination of tests respectively. Conclusion: FIT is the recommended method if we are to dispense with dietary restriction in our patients because of its relatively low-false positivity and better sensitivity and specificity rates.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2016

대장암 검진 권고안 개정위원회는 지금까지 발표된 대장암검진 관련 국내외 임상지침 및 최신 문헌 검색을 통한 체계적 근거 평가를 통해 근거중심의 대장암 검진 개정 권고안을 제시하였다. 또한 우선 권고되는 면역화학 분변잠혈검사법의 질관리 필요성과 대장내시경검사의 이득과 위해를 평가할 수 있는 정량화된 자료의 필요성, 국내 실정에 맞는 질관리 지표의 개발, 좀 더 다양한 위험인자를 고려하는 개별적인 접근법의 필요성 등을 지적하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권10호
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• pp.685-692
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• 2008

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in the world. Because CRC develops slowly from removable precancerous lesions, detection of the disease at an early stage during regular health examinations can reduce both the incidence and mortality of the disease. Although sigmoidoscopy offers significant improvements in the detection rate of CRC, its diagnostic value is limited by its high costs and inconvenience. Therefore, there is a compelling need for the identification of noninvasive biomarkers that can enable earlier detection of CRC. Accordingly, many validation studies have been conducted to evaluate genetic, epigenetic or protein markers that can be detected in the stool or in serum. Currently, the fecal-occult blood test is the most widely used method of screening for CRC. However, advances in genomics and proteomics combined with developments in other relevant fields will lead to the discovery of novel non invasive biomarkers whose usefulness will be tested in larger validation studies. Here, non-invasive molecular biomarkers that are currently used in clinical settings and have the potential for use as CRC biomarkers are discussed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2013

Purpose: Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE), caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis, is a widely distributed disease throughout the world causing substantial economic loss. In order to diagnose PPE rapidly, the rapid kit was developed and tested. Methods: In this study, a rapid kit was developed to screen the PPE rapidly at the pig farm. Also, occult blood test with fecal occult blood (FOB) kit was done for detecting the blood in pig feces which might be the evident of hemorrhagic PPE. For developing the kit, we tested fecal samples of PPE infected pigs diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: With the developed rapid kit, Lawsonia intracellularis was detected in high density emulsion of ileum. On the other hand, the test result of detecting Lawsonia in feces showed too high non-specific response. In addition, nevertheless the FOB test result showed that blood evident could be founded in pig feces, the diagnosing result was not fit to PCR test result, which shows blood in pig feces could be from not only hemorrhagic PPE but also many reasons. Conclusions: To deal with the PPE effectively, it will be better for farmers to screen the PPE in earlier stage with easy and rapid diagnosing tool on farm. This study found out that the rapid kit could detect the Lawsonia intracellularis and hemoglobin in pig feces. However, the non-specific response to negative samples of PPE was too high to use at a pig farm. Further research is needed for lowering the non-specific response with the rapid kit.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.357-367
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• 2017

본 연구는 대장암 검진 정보 콘텐츠에 대한 효과적, 설득적 메시지 유형을 확인하기 위한 목적으로 시도된 비동등성 대조군 사후설계의 유사실험 연구이다. 연구대상자는 일개 산업장 근로자 176명이었으며, 메시지 프레이밍(이득, 손실 및 일반메시지)에 따라 분류된 대상자에게 차별적으로 중재프로그램을 시행하였고, 실험중재 후 대장암 검진 관련 건강신념 및 iFOBT(immunoassay Fecal Occult Blood Test) kit 수거률을 확인하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 21.0 program을 이용하여 $x^2$ test 및 one-way ANOVA 통계방법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 대장암 검진 건강신념은 손실메시지군에서 지각된 민감성 및 심각성이 높았으며, 이득메시지군에서 지각된 유익성이 높았다. iFOBT 수거률은 손실메시지군에서 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 대장암 검진을 주제로 하는 암정보 콘텐츠를 구성 하는데 유용한 이론적 근거가 될 것으로 기대되며, 메시지 유형에 따른 실질적 효과를 사전에 예상하고, 제시함으로써 실무적 도움 역시 제공할 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.300-306
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• 1990

Colorectal cancer is second only to lung cancer as a cause of death due to cancer in the united States. Studies have shown that fecal occult blood(FOB) tests are effective in detecting colorectal cancer in its early stages. To motivate worksite FOB testing, a randomized controlled trial was conducted. Employees 40 years or older from three federal agencies in Washington State were randomized to a control group(n＝139) which received a letter stating the availability of the FOB test at the worksite clinic or to an intervention group(n＝139) which received the letter about facts on colorectal cancer and a Colorectal Cancer Risk Appraisal. The Colorectal Cancer Risk Appraisal included a feedback on an individual's risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to his / her peers in terms of ‘normal’, ‘moderate’, or ‘high’ risk status. After 3 months, a follow-up questionnaire was sent to all participants to measure the effectiveness of the intervention. In the analysis of the three major outcomes, two possible confounding factors(dietary fat and family history of colorectal cancer) were controlled by logistic regression. Based on a review of the worksite clinic records, the Intervention group had 4.3% higher compliance rate with the FOB test during the follow-up period compared to the control group(p＝.10). The largest effect of the intervention was on the employees' intention to get a FOB test within the next year(62.6% in the intervention group vs. 36.2% in the control group, OR＝3.18, p＜.001). In the final Multivariate logistic model, the employees who were more likely to intend to get a FOB test within the next year were in the intervention group ; were at ‘moderate’ or ‘high’ risk of colorectal cancer ; knew more about the availability of the FOB test at the worksite clinic ; and had a FOB test during the last three years.