• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1999

The author studied the soil microarthropoda's fauna, vertical distribution, seasonal fluctuation, and the relationship between the number of soil microarthropoda and environmental factor(pH) in survey area. 3949 soil microarthropoda were collected in survey area. They included Arachnida(48.6%), Collembola(23.5%), Hymenoptera(l9.9%), and Isoptera, etc. Fresh length was the longest(1l3.6 mm) in broad-leaf forest on Mt. Chilgap which is non-industrial complex area, and the shortest(46.8 mm) in pine forest at Yochon industrial complex. The population density of soil microarthropoda was the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. The number of soil microarthropoda was higher in Mt. Keryong and Chilgap, non-industrial complex area, than Yochon and Daesan, industrial complex area. The number of soil microarthropoda increased from spring to summer and decreased from autumn to winter. Vertically, soil microarthropoda were more abundant in the second layer subsoil(0∼5 cm) in spring, in the first layer(5∼10 cm) in summer and autumn, and in the third layer(0∼15 cm) in winter. Diversity index was higher in non-industrial area(1.02) than industrial complex area(0.73). Biodiversity index was the highest in the second soil layer, in pine forest on Mt. Keryong(l.60) and the lowest in the third soil layer, in broad leaf-forest, at Daesan industrial complex(0.24).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.11-38
• /
• 2012

Located in the middle part of the Korean peninsula, Pyeong-chang and Yeong-wol (Gangwon-do) areas are limestone regions that are important biogeographically showing the peculiar flora. In order to manage efficiently endangered and rare plant species, we have investigated flora of these above regions from March to October, 2010. The result of the investigation showed a total of vascular plants of 1,145 taxa; 134 families, 503 genera, and 1,010 species, 11 subspecies, 110 varieties, 10 forms and four hybrids. Among taxa investigated, endangered species designated by the law called 'Protection Law for Endangered wild fauna and flora' were seven taxa, and 50 taxa were considered to be endemic to Korea. Based on the floristic degrees categorized by the specific distribution of plant species, 24 taxa revealed the floristic degree (FD) V, 30 for FD IV, and 60 for FD III, 45 for FD II and 79 taxa for FD I. The 82 taxa were identified to be naturalized. Of those species investigated in this survey, 53 taxa were identified as specific ones biogeographically as compared to flora of other terrestrial regions; 35 of calcicolous plants, 15 with distribution in the northern part of the Korean peninsula, three with coastal habitats.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.613-626
• /
• 2014

Seaweeds were identified after qualitative sampling at 14 stations of Dokdo coasts from May to July 2013 and seaweeds and animals inhabiting 23 Eisenia bicyclis plants were examined to evaluate its ecological role. Biomass was calculated by using regression between stipe length and weight of E. bicyclis. A total of 128 species were identified, including 18 green, 35 brown, and 75 red algae. Coarsely branched form was dominant functional group occupying 47.66% and 91 species (71.09%) were in ESG I group, growing in stable environmental coast. Also, R/P, C/P, and (R+C)/P were 2.14, 0.51, and 2.66, respectively showing temperate and mixed flora. Biomass and density of E.bicyclis were $23.74kg\;m^{-2}$ and 64 fronds $m^{-2}$. Twelve seaweeds and 83 animal species (15 Annelida, 25 Mollusca, 34 Arthropoda, 3 Echinodermata, and 6 others) were observed from 23 holdfasts and Ericthonius pugnax was dominant taxon having 538 (43.11%) of 1,248 animal individuals. These results indicate that E.bicyclis is a keystone species showing very important ecological role. In conclusion, the number of seaweeds increased because of intensive research and dominance of coarsely branched form and ESG I group seaweeds, representing that environmental condition of Dokdo is still intact.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.664-696
• /
• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the insect diversity in the islands of Daecheong-do and Socheong-do, Incheon, Korea. The survey was conducted six times throughout the day and night from June to October 2011. As a result, a total of 336 species, belonging to 78 families of 9 orders of insects were collected: 286 species, of 75 families in 9 orders from Daecheong-do and 106 species, 42 families and 8 orders from Socheong-do. 744 species, belonging to 103 families of 10 orders were identified in total including previous reference. Lepidoptera was the most commonly identified order with 439 species of 29 families (59%), and the next most commonly identified order was Coleoptera with 124 species of 27 families (16%). Among them, Copris tripartitus and Fabriciana nerippe, endangered species of wildlife fauna in Korea, were found in this study. Also, 2 species (Coenonympha oedippus, Lycaena dispar) belonging to IUCN Red List, 25 species belonging to Management of Exportable species, 5 species belonging to Endemic species, 6 species belonging to Korean Red List, 77 species belonging to Designated species and 2 species belonging to Climate-sensitive Indicator species were recorded. In this study, 147 species of 58 families and 43 species of 24 families were newly added in Daecheong-do and Socheong-do, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.437-448
• /
• 2013

The ichthyofauna and fish community were studied in Daecheon Stream from April to October 2012. During the survey period a total of 42 species belonging to 13 families were collected. Dominant species by number was Zacco platypus(32.3%) and Tridentiger brevispinis(12.8%). In biomass, the dominant species was Z. platypus(27.7%) and Chelon haematocheilus(11.9%). Also, eight Korean endemic fish species and one endangered species (Rhodeus pseudosericeus) were collected. In addition, two exotic species(Carassius cuvieri and Micropterus salmoides) and migration fish species(Anguila japonica) were observed. Based on the length-weight relationship of Z. platypus, the b value was 3.21~3.29, and the condition factor(K) was 0.89 on average with stable condition. According to similarity analysis, fish communities in Daecheon Stream were divided into three groups; the upper reaches near a reservoir(St. 1), the middle reaches (St. 2 to 4) and the lower reaches near a weir(St. 5). Dominant species at each group were Zacco koreanus(St. 1), Z. platypus(St. 2 to 4) and T. brevispinis(St. 5). This result suggested that artificial structures such as dam and a weir have a marked effect on the distribution of fish communities in Daecheon Stream.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.62-71
• /
• 2017

In this study, in order to examine the change of soil animals by vegetation restoration types, experimental sites with biotope restoration method, forest topsoil paving method, small diameter trees planting method and multi-layer community planting method were applied and the control site was selected. The naturalness of soil animals was analysed by studying the change of soil animals. It was confirmed that the control site has a high level of the naturalness of soil animals as it includes a mixture of fauna sensitive and insensitive to environment distributed widely over the site. The experimental site with biotope restoration method showed a similar level of the naturalness of soil animals as the control site. Furthermore, the naturalness of soil animals in the experimental sites with small diameter trees planting method and multi-layer community planting method also showed a progressive restoration although the level of the naturalness of soil animals is lower than the experimental site with the biotope restoration method. Therefore, it is confirmed that the experimental site with biotope restoration method shows a faster recovery of soil animal than other sites. This is because this method uses the portion of topsoil and subsoil that were dug from the intact forest during transplantation.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 1992

The study was conducted to investigate the community structure of superfamily Coreoidea (Geocorisae: Hemiptera) in Mt. Kyeryongsan from August, 1989 to August, 1990. The collected coreoid insects were composed of 17 species, 13 genera, and 2 families. Percentages of coreoid insects found in each observed zone were 47.4% (13 species) in the paddy bank, 37.4 % (13 species) in the weedy field and 15.2% (11 species) in the shrubs. Dominant species and Simpson's dominance indices were Riptortus clavatusa and Stictopleurus crassicornis ($\lambda$=0.128) in the paddy field, Cletus schmidti and Homoeocerus dilatatus ($\lambda$=0.141) in the weedy field, Riptortus clavatus and Homoeocerus dilatatus ($\lambda$=0.199) in the shrubs. Seasonal dominant species were Cletus trigon us and Rhopalus maculatus ($\lambda$=0.149) in Spring, Cletus schmidti and Homoeocerus dilatatus ($\lambda$=0.132) in Summer, and Riptortus clavatus and Cletus schmidti ($\lambda$=0. 386) in Autumn. Species diversity indices(H') in the paddy bank, weedy field, and shrubs were 0.931, 0.916, and 0.810, respectively. Eveness indices(J') were 0.836, 0.800, and 0.778, respectively. Community structures were almost similar between the paddy bank and the weedy field.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.89-100
• /
• 1992

The study was conducted to investigate the community structure of superfamily Pentatomoidea(Geocorisae: Hemiptera) in Mt. Kyeryongsan from August, 1989 to August, 1990. The collected pentatomoid insects were composed of 34 species, 22 genera, and 5 families. Percentages of pentatomoid insects found in each observed zone were 45.4 % (22 species) in the paddy bank, 37.5% (26 species) in the weedy field and 17.0% (20 species) in the shrubs. Dominant species and Simpson's dominance indices were Eurydema rugosa and Carbula putoni ($\lambda$=0.125) in the paddy bank, Carbula putoni and Eurydema rugosa ($\lambda$=0.183) in the weedy field, Gonopsis affinis and Coptosoma biguttulum ($\lambda$=0.099) in the shrubs. Seasonal dom¬inant species were Eurydema rugosa and Dolycoris baccarum ($\lambda$0.207) in Spring, Carbula putoni and Eurydema rugosa ($\lambda$=0.1l5) in Summer, and Carbula putoni and Nezara antennata ($\lambda$=0.141) in Autumn. Species diversity indices(H') in paddy bank, weedy field, and shrubs were 1.034, 1.039, and 1.105, respectively. Evenness indices(J') were 0.770, 0.734, and 0.849, respectively. Community structures were almost similar between the weedy field and the shrubs.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.22 no.4 s.57
• /
• pp.251-261
• /
• 1983

Survey on soybean parasitic nematodes has been undertaken in order to get an ideas about the distribution of nemic fauna. Total 71 soil samples were collected from soybean fields in Gyeongbug and Chungbug provinces. Eighteen species belonging to fourteen different genera were found associated with soybean, Glycine max. The results were as follows: Aphelenchus avenae, Circonemoides informis, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, Heterodera glycines, Hirschmanniella imamuri, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Paratylenchus pandus, Pratylenchus thornei, Pratylenchus vulnus, Psilenchus hilarulus, Rotylenchus sp. Tylenchorhynchus clay toni, Tylenchorhynchus dubius, Tylenchorhynchus nudus, Tylenchus sp. Xiphinema americanum were found in soybean fields. In frequency of occurring nematodes by localities, soybean cyst nematode was higher in Chungbug by $70\%$, while $50\%$ in Gyeongbug. But rook-knot nematode was higher in Gyeongbug by $54.1\%$, while $19.1\%$ in Chungbug. In density of nematode, Heterodera was the most dominant as 200.4 populations per 100ml soil, Meloidogyne as 107.1 populations, Rotylenchus, Xiphinema, Aphelenchus in decreasing order. In survey of loss, density of soybean cyst nematode in heavily infested fields was 155 cysts per 100ml soil while 35 cysts in slightly infested fields. Seventy percent of soybean yields was decreased when comparing with average 64.2kg/10a in heavily infested fields and average 209.5kg/10a in slightly infested. Correlation coefficients among number of soybean cyst and yields, pod weight, number of pod was negative as r- 0.57, 0.47, 0.38 over all localities.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.526-539
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to identify insects inhabiting Mulyeongari-Oreum wetland and to provide basic information for conservation of wetlands. As a result, a total 229 species, 73 families, 9 orders of insects were collected: 136 species, 39 families, 6 orders from Mulyeongari-Oreum Wetland and 121 species, 52 families, 9 orders from Mt. Sooryeong. Of the 229 species of insects investigated, Copris tripartitus Waterhouse, an endangered species of wildlife fauna in Korea, was found with many individuals. Also, Lychnuris rufa(Olivier), having a narrow habitat near unpolluted water and mountains, was also recorded with 3 individuals and then should be considered as a protected species in Wetlands. To identify the community structure of moth on Mulyeongari-Oreum wetland, a light trap was examined and a total 76 species of moths were collected. Total dominant species was Hydrillodes morosa(Butler) with index of 0.12 and the species diversity on the moth community from survey area was the highest in July with index of 3.42.