• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate tibialis anterior muscle fatigue through a Nordic walking when using pole. Methods: This study subject was 38 people who were twenties and randomly assigned to a control group with standard walking and Nordic walking group with Nordic walking. All subjects examined muscle fatigue with surface EMG and visual analogue scale for fatigue. The data were analyzed with SPSS window 18.0 program using ANCOVA. Results: The results were of a significant changes to the both tibialis anterior fatigue(p<0.01). The visual fatigue scales weren't significant difference. Conclusion: It was found that Dool-re-gil (Mt. Ji-Ri) was effective for muscle fatigue during walking, and it appears that it could be used clinically. So it is anticipated that improvement in clinical utilization for the people who's through a Nordic walking when using pole.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.302-313
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• 2001

Purpose: To identify characteristics of chronic fatigue, difference between the duration of fatigue and characteristics of chronic fatigue, and association between chronic fatigue and related factors in adults. Method: The subjects for this study were 180 adults who had experienced fatigue for over one month The measurement tools were the Revised Fatigue Scale by Chalder et al. (1993), the Visual Analogue Scale-energy developed by Lee et al. (1991), the BEPSI (Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument) by Frank & Zyzanski (1988), Zung's self rating depression scale (1965) and life style items including exercise sleep, drinking smoking and diet as developed by the researchers. Results : Those who complained of fatigue over six months experienced higher disturbances in their daily life compared to those who had suffered from fatigue less than six months. There were a significant correlation between severity of fatigue and depression (r=.46, p<.001), stress (r=.41, p<.001), and sleep (r=.20, p<.01) Statistically significant relationships were found between severity of fatigue and amount of exercise per week (F=3.79. p<.05) disturbed sleep (t=-2.66, p<.01), number of times awakened during the night (F=3.48, p<.05) types of drinking (F=2.65, p<.05), and diet regularity (F=5.83, p<.01). The construction of a multiple regression model revealed an adjusted $R^2$ of .27 with the depression score serving the major predictor variables for severity of fatigue. Men and people in the younger age group were more energetic than women and those in other age groups. Also married people experienced more fatigue than people who were single. divorced or separated. Conclusion: In nursing interventions for fatigue, medical personnel should consider sociodemographic characteristics of the clients, ways to reduce of stress and counter disturbances in daily life and develop strategies for a health promoting life style.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2001

In view of the effects of the hardness of material on fatigue, rolling contact fatigue process in hard metals seems to differ from it in soft metals. This paper has been aimed to compare the rolling contact fatigue process according to the hardness of materials. Rolling contact fatigue tests using the ball bearings assembled with the inner race of four different hardness have been carried out. In addition, residual stress and half-value breadth on/below the inner raceway during individual rolling contact fatigue have been measured by X-ray diffraction. The results of this study showed that the change of residual stress and half-value breadth during the rolling contact fatigue on race way in hard metals is the same as in soft metals. However, plastic deformation by rolling contact in hard metals is in microscopic scale but only for soft metals in macroscopic scale.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.435-443
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• 2005

Purpose: This study investigated the degree of fatigue of hemodialysis patients, and finds the relationship between fatigue and self-efficacy, family support, and sleep factor. Also, this study was purposed to provide fundamental data to help set up a nursing plan and intervention for recovery and mitigation of hemodialysis patient's fatigue. Method: The subjects in this study were patients treated as hemodialysis patients in Kwangjoo City. Data, subjects are 143 patients. Fatigue was measured using Lee's scale(1991), Self-efficacy using Kim's scale(1995), and Family support using Kim's scale(1993). For the analysis of collected data, Cronbach alpha, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Stepwise multiple regression were used for statistical analysis by SPSSwin(version 11.0) program. Result: Fatigue degree of hemodialysis patients averaged 4.22. Among 143 hemodialysis patients, 70.63% patients answered that they had felt fatigue as noted in this study. The weariest time was after hemodialysis for 21.0% patients. There was significant difference according to the diagnosis period. The patients who were diagnosed over one year had felt more fatigue than ones who were diagnosed within one year. Fatigue was significantly associated with self-efficacy, family support, and sleep factor. Self-efficacy could explain 14.6% of fatigue. Conclusion: The fatigue degree relates with all, self-efficacy, family support, and sleep factor. Especially, it is affected by self-efficacy among them. Thus, the program should be developed to mitigate fatigue as the self-efficacy of hemodialysis is enhanced.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.299-307
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• 2001

Objectives: Fatigue is a common symptom experienced by many people who visit Oriental medical clinics or hospital. However, there has been little study about the fatigue in the Oriental medical academic world. For this reason, we attempted to investigate the present status of fatigue of outpatients, and its relation with Health Practice Index(HPI). Methods: The subjects were 63 outpatients who visited the Tonification Clinic in Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center between January 1, 2001 and July 31, 2001. Their chief complaint was fatigue and they did not have any physical or mental problem. They were given a questionnaire which included questions reflecting general characteristics, fatigue degree and health habits. We measured degree of fatigue by Chalder scale et al. Health habits were investigated about 5 articles out of 'Breslow 7 Health habits'. Results: Among the subjects, 48 people(76.2%) were considered as 'fatigue patients' by the Chalder scale. Of this 48 fatigue patients, 27 people(56.3%) had manifested fatigue for more than 6 months. The average of scale II for all the patients was 14.05, which indicates moderate degree of fatigue. They complained fatigue, drowsiness and general weakness, dryness and discomfort of the eyes, headache, shoulder pain and neck stiffness, dizziness, heat in the upper part of the body, and poor concentration. There were no differences in degree of fatigue according to Health habits including exercise or not, smoking or not, the frequency of drinking, hours of sleeping, and body mass index. Conclusions: Many people complain fatigue symptom. Therefore doctors should have more interest in fatigue and care. This study can provide standards of prognosis of fatigue patients. Also prospective studies are needed to find relationship between health habits and fatigue degree.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.244-252
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• 2003

This study was intented to identify the differences of fatigue and quality of life in patients with breast cancer according to the different treatment modalities. Ninety-one subjects were recruited from a medical unit and a therapeutic radiologic clinic at a university hospital in Chungnam, Korea. Fatigue was measured using Lee's scale(1999) translated from Piper's Fatigue Scale and quality of life was measured using Yang's scale(2002). The women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy were less fatigued and had better quality of life than those receiving radiotherapy(t=-2.914, p=.005; t=2.565, p=.012, respectively). The fatigue and quality of life in the women with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatments were influenced by the weight change during the past 3 months(F=24.70, p=.039). Cancer stage, metastasis and weight were not associated with fatigue and quality of life. Health professionals can help cancer patients undergoing treatments prepare to cope with the expected side effects by providing a specific treatment-related information to them. The findings of this study can contribute the knowledge of these information.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the influencing factors on hope in the patients suffering with breast cancers. Methods: The subjects were 150 women who were diagnosed with breast cancer at three university hospitals and a general hospital. Data collection was conducted by hope scale, family support scale, self esteem scale, depression scale, pain scale, and fatigue scale. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Level of hope in the participants was high. There were a significant correlation among hope, family support, effects of religion, self esteem, depression, pain and fatigue. There were significant differences in hope by the age, education level, and cost burden. The most powerful predictor of hope was self esteem (38.2%). Altogether family support, effects of religion, depression, and fatigue explained 50.4% of hope of the participants. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggested that the concepts of self esteem, family support, effects of religion, depression and fatigue should be considered important factors in developing hope promoting program for breast cancer patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.175-185
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• 2014

This study is to develop a fatigue scale for the private security guard for a private security guard to effectively manage fatigue were tested for validity and reliability. To achieve that, this study employed purposive sampling to draw 300 samples among private security guards working for the security firms registered in Seoul District Police Office as of 2014, and used 259 samples for final analysis. Fatigue scale was developed on the basis of the scale development methods and procedures in previous studies. For data processing, SPSSWIN 18.0 program was applied to conduct exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis, and AMOS 18.0 program was employed to conduct confirmatory factory analysis. This study came to the following conclusion. First, the validity of the fatigue measurement tool was high. In other words, content validity was high, and construct validity was also high. The factor loading of exploratory factor analysis was .452, and the standard value of confirmatory factor analysis was .403. Therefore, the tool satisfied the basis value of fit index. The sub categories of fatigue, finally drawn from validity test, were mental fatigue, nervous system dysfunction, physical deformity, and exhaustion. Secondly, the reliability of the fatigue measurement tool was high. In other words, according to item analysis, the correlation between items and their sub categories, and between items and total score was more than .602, relatively high. And the reliability coefficient (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$) was high, or more than .658. Fatigue Scale tool will be developed by private security guards in the present study is to measure the validity and reliability verification is clearly tired of the private security guards than the tools that are used in other studies in the existing area.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.14-25
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of fatigue and depression in patients with hemato-malignancy receiving chemotherapy. Methods: The data were collected from December 2005 to November 2006. Study objects were recruited from 4 university hospital in B and U city. Fatigue and depression were measured using the Cancer Fatigue Scale and the Revised Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale, respectively. Results: 1) The mean score of fatigue was $64.64{\pm}21.58$. The mean score of depression was $41.28{\pm}7.62$. 2) The fatigue score was significantly different with age, employment status, and present pain. 3) The depression score was signigicant different by the payment, diet, and present pain. 4) There was a moderate positive correlation between depression and fatigue. Conclusions: Patients with hemato-malignancy receiving chemotherapy experience in fatigue. Decrease in fatigue are associated with decreases in depression. Therefore, nurses must provide planned nursing intervention to reduce fatigue and depression in patients with hemato-malignancy.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of pain and fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Method: The subjects for this study were 120 patients registered in S University Hospital, and the period of data collection was from June 20, 2005 to October 15, 2005. Results: The research instruments used in this study were the Graphic Rating Scale of Pain and Fatigue, and the cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of Fatigue scale was .90. In data analysis, SPSSWIN 12.0 program was used for descriptive statistics. The results were as follows. 1) The range of total pain scores was from 10 to 100 and the mean score of the pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients was 53.70. 2) The range of total fatigue scores was from 20 to 58 and the mean score of the fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis patients was 36.04. 3) There was a significant difference in pain according to duration of disease(F=3.934, p<.05). 4) There was a significant difference in fatigue according to duration of disease(F=3.442, p<.05). 5) The level of fatigue was significant correlation with the level of pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients(r=.217, p<.01). Conclusion: The level of fatigue was significant correlation with the level of pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Therefore nursing interventions decreasing the pain perceived by rheumatoid arthritis patients are needed to decrease there fatigue levels.