• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.15-23
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• 2019

This study aims to suggest a Biophilic classroom design of high school to obtain attention restoration for students. The learning space for youth in the modern society is composed of dry artificial structures. This space is considered to be a space that can not relieve stress caused by learning. "The Attention Restoration Theory" is divided into "Directed Attention" of humans, which is the cause of fatigue and stress, and "Involuntary Attention" as a solution to it. "Involuntary Attention" takes place in a rest state and helps the brain recover when exposed to nature. And the core of "Biophilic-Design Theory" is that humans can recover physical and mental conditions when exposed to nature. The purpose of this study is to apply "The Biophilic-Design Theory" that emphasizes the importance of exposure to nature to the educational space and plan the space where the 'Attention Restoration' can be achieved. The research method is as follows. First, we review previous studies related to "The Biophilic-Design Theory" and "The Attention Restoration Theory". Second, we analyze the application examples of "The Biophilic-Design Theory" and "The Attention Restoration Theory" in domestic and foreign educational spaces. Third, the concept of educational space is set up based on the elements derived from previous studies. Finally, we propose the planning direction of classroom design based on Biophilic-Design. The following conclusions were drawn. First, The creation of the education space to restore the learner's attention requires a visual space plan that utilizes natural elements such as natural light, artificial light, plants, and natural materials that can directly experience nature. Second, the direction in which students in the classroom can be "The Attention Restoration Theory" should consider the use of indirect natural elements that bring the surrounding natural landscape into the interior. This study will be used as the baseline data for the spatial design and planning of education facilities based on Biophilic-Design.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2019

The flow around a curved riser exposed to the current in various directions was investigated at a Reynolds number of 100 using a numerical simulation. The present study found that the flow features of the curved riser were distinct from those of a straight riser as a result of its large radius of curvature. Namely, there were various wake patterns according to the flow's incident angle. As the incident angle increased from $0^{\circ}$ to $90^{\circ}$, a two-row street of vortices that developed along the centerline of the curved riser became more apparent. However, when the incident angle approached $180^{\circ}$ from $90^{\circ}$, these vortices were completely suppressed by the interaction between the wake and an axial flow induced by the curvature of the riser. To identify this feature, the sectional force coefficients were also considered, and it was found that the force coefficients could be different from those found in a sectional analysis based on the strip theory when investigating vortex-induced vibration. As a result, this kind of study would be important to realistically estimate the riser VIV (vortex-induced vibration) and fatigue life, and a new force coefficient database that includes the three-dimensional effect should be established.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.449-466
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• 2019

Cable-stayed bridges are attractive due to their beauty, reducing material consumption, less harm to the environment and so on, in comparison with other kinds of bridges. As a massive structure with long period and low damping (0.3 to 2%) under many dynamic loads, these bridges are susceptible to fatigue, serviceability disorder, damage or even collapse. Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is a suitable controlling system to reduce the vibrations and prevent the threats in such bridges. In this paper, Multi Tuned Mass Damper (MTMD) system is added to the Ahvaz cable stayed Bridge in Iran, to reduce its seismic vibrations. First, the bridge is modeled in SAP2000 followed with result verification. Dead and live loads and the moving loads have been assigned to the bridge. Then the finite element model is developed in OpenSees, with the goal of running a nonlinear time-history analysis. Three far-field and three near-field earthquake records are imposed to the model after scaling to the PGA of 0.25 g, 0.4 g, 0.55 g and 0.7 g. Two MTMD systems, passive and active, with the number of TMDs from 1 to 8, are placed in specific points of the main span of bridge, adding a total mass ratio of 1 to 10% to the bridge. The parameters of the TMDs are optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA). Also, the optimum force for active control is achieved by Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC). The results showed that the maximum displacement of the center of the bridge main span reduced 33% and 48% respectively by adding passive and active MTMD systems. The RMS of displacement reduced 37% and 47%, the velocity 36% and 42% and also the base shear in pylons, 27% and 47%, respectively by adding passive and active systems, in the best cases.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.337-344
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• 2019

The purpose of this study men and women 20 to 30 of 16 patients wearing thick insoles 5cm before and after squat exercise based on the angle of the knee joint(0-, 60-, 90-degree) was to observe the muscle activities. For this through the analysis of the rectus femoris EMG, vatus medialis vatus lateralis, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius MVIC were quantified using. The results following results were obtained. After wearing the thick insole standing position(0') had increased EMG activity of vastus lateralis muscle, the knee angle is rectus femoris, vatus medialis, vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius muscles were increased muscle activity. thick insole of the ankle joint, causing plantar flexion forward weight distritbution by focusing is normally the body would lead to an array. When an array of everyday life, these abnormalities increases energy consumption, and muscle fatigue, increase will cause an imbalance in the muscles. Therefore, wearing thick insoles by changing the activity of the muscles may cause knee pain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.525-527
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• 2019

Cardiac arrest is a series of conditions occur when the heart is stopped, regardless of the cause. one of the only ways to save a patient's life in the event of cardiac arrest is cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which is very important beacause it can maintain circulation through this technique, and high-quality CPR affects the survival rate and neurological prognosis of the patient. For infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use two finger to compress the chest. Hower, this method can be diffcult to reach the chest commpressions recommended by the American Heart Association because of the anatomically increased fatigue of the fingers and diffculty of vertical pressure. The study aims to verify the effects of new chest compressions in the implementation of chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The study also showed singnificant differences in chest depth and average rate of pressure(p<0.001). Based on the results of this study, we can see that the accuracy of the new chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation is increased, and the depth of chest compressions is improved, improving the quality index of chest compressions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a reinforcement program for behavioral skills in postpartum care for couples with their first baby. Methods: The study used a non-equivalent control group and pretest-posttest design. It was conducted from January 14 to April 10, 2016 at a postpartum care center in D city. It analyzed 43 couples (22 in the experimental group and 21 in the control group.) For data analysis, descriptive statistics, test of homogeneity in pretest, independent t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA were used. Results: For maternal fulfillment of postpartum care and postpartum fatigue, there was no significant difference in the interaction between group and time. In terms of parent-newborns attachment, the interaction between group and time showed a significant difference for mothers (F=13.63, p=.001) and fathers (F=6.51, p=.001). In marital intimacy, the interaction between group and time showed a significant difference for mothers (F=14.40, p<.001) and fathers (F=9.46, p=.004). In parenting stress, the interaction between group and time showed a significant difference for mothers (F=31.8, p<.001) and fathers (F=11.69, p=.001). A significant difference was found for the mothers' postpartum sleeping hours (F=0.14 p=.004). Conclusion: This program for behavioral skills in postpartum care, which is based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model, improves postpartum care, parent-newborn attachment, marital intimacy, parenting stress, and maternal postpartum sleeping, by reinforcing behavioral skills required for postpartum care.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 2019

The limitations of applying a variety of artificial intelligence to the medical community are, first, subjective views, extensive interpreters and physical fatigue in interpreting the image of an interpreter's illness. And there are questions about how long it takes to collect annotated data sets for each illness and whether to get sufficient training data without compromising the performance of the developed deep learning algorithm. In this paper, when collecting basic images based on acne data sets, the selection criteria and collection procedures are described, and a model is proposed to classify data into small loss rates (5.46%) and high accuracy (96.26%) in the sequential structure. The performance of the proposed model is compared and verified through a comparative experiment with the model provided by Keras. Similar phenomena are expected to be applied to the field of medical and skin care by applying them to the acne classification model proposed in this paper in the future.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.19-24
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• 2019

Digital technologies in the digital image field are developing and changing rapidly while creating various forms of media environments. In particular, broadcasting image-processing technologies provide more realistic images through the development of multimedia technology. Consequently, the needs of flat image quality have been nearly met, leading to technological saturation. Currently, flat images possess the advantages of popularity and freedom from visual fatigue over three-dimensional stereoscopic images. A complementary technology for flat images is the stereoscopic perception improvement technology. To examine correlations between stereoscopic perception and colour attributes for graphic images on flat displays, we have conducted experiments related to stereoscopic perception and analysed the results. In these experiments, the colour attributes of hue, value, and chroma were applied at different levels. Next, the factors that provide the highest stereoscopic perception and their interactions were analysed through analysis of variance. Finally, this study defines the significance of colour factors related to stereoscopic perception by analysing the experimental results, and proposes a colour adjustment method for improved stereoscopic perception in graphics image processing.

• Journal of The Korean Society For Urban Railway
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.393-399
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• 2018

It is well recognized that residual stresses of the rails, generated from the manufacturing process including roller straightening and heat treatment, play an important role in determining fatigue and fracture properties of the rails. Thus, it has been a challenge to measure the residual stresses accurately. In this work, contour method was employed to evaluate the residual stresses existing in interior of the rails. The cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail was cut at a very slow rate using electric discharge machining (EDM), after which a laser-based flexural measuring instrument enabled us to precisely measure the flection of the cross section. The measured data were converted into the residual stresses using the commercial finite element package, ABAQUS, through a user-defined element (UEL) subroutine, and the residual stresses of the new rails (50N, KR60, UIC60) with three different specifications were compared.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.382-395
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• 2021

Objectives: This study examined the nutritional status according to frailty status in the elderly at home. Methods: The participants were a total of 76 elderly at home living in Seo-gu, Gwangju, Korea. The nutritional status and frailty status were analyzed using the Nutrition Quotient for Elderly (NQ-E) and the Korean version of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses and Loss of weight Scale (K-FRAIL), respectively. Results: The distribution of frailty status was robust (17.1%), pre-frailty (38.2%) and frailty (44.7%), and its distribution was significantly different in genders, age groups and the number of medications. The mean NQ-E score was 47.0 for total subjects, indicating a low grade. The scores of balance, diversity and dietary behavior factors were within the low grade, while the score of the moderation factor was within the medium-high grade. According to the frailty status, pre-frailty and frailty showed significantly higher scores for sugar-added beverages intake in the moderation constructs than robust. Robust showed significantly higher scores for the exercise hours and perception level for one's health than pre-frailty and frailty. Conclusions: These results suggest that nutrition status is associated with frailty status. Regular nutrition education and visiting nutrition service should be established to improve the balance and diversity of food intake and improve the dietary behavior of the elderly at home.