• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.191-197
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• 2023

The farming diary has significant value for farmers as it serves as crucial documentation, supporting evidence for eco-friendly and GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) certifications, as well as when applying for diverse subsidies. A detailed farming diary holds immense value, yet many farmers face challenges in document preparation, so even though training is provided on how to write a farming diary, making these remains impracticable for some. Therefore, this paper suggests using ChatGPT as a solution, enabling the effortless addition of comprehensive information to existing farming diary. With this method, it is expected that enhancing the thoroughness of the farming diary will significantly amplify its worth as robust certification evidence, thereby providing substantial support for future farming endeavors.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2017

We studied soil composition, $N_2O$ production, a number of denitrifying bacteria, community structure and T-RFLP patterns of denitrifying bacteria dependent on agricultural methods with the change of seasons. Analyses of the soil chemical composition revealed that total carbon and total organic carbon contents were 1.57% and 1.28% in the organic farming soil, 1.52% and 1.24% in the emptiness farming soil, and 1.40% and 0.95% in traditional farming soil, respectively. So, the amount of organic carbon was relatively high in the environment friendly farming soils than traditional farming soils. In case of $N_2O$ production, the amount of $N_2O$ production was high in May and November soils, but the rate of $N_2O$ production was fast in August soil. The average number of denitrifying bacteria were $1.32{\times}10^4MPN{\cdot}g^{-1}$ in the organic farming soil, $1.17{\times}10^4MPN{\cdot}g^{-1}$ in the emptiness farming soil, and $6.29{\times}10^3MPN{\cdot}g^{-1}$ in the traditional farming soil. It was confirmed that the environment friendly farming soil have a larger number of denitrifying bacteria than the traditional farming soil. As a result of the phylogenetic analyses, it was confirmed that six clusters were included in organic farming soil among total 10 clusters. And the result of PCA profile distribution of T-RFLP pattern on agricultural methods, the range of distribution showed wide in the organic farming method, relatively narrow in the conventional farming method, and middle in the emptiness farming method. Therefore, we could concluded that the distribution and the community structure of denitrifying bacteria were changed according to the agricultural methods and seasons.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.45-58
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• 1995

This paper studied production characteristics of organic farming products and analyzed management income and production cost of organic farming(rice). In order to analyze these points actually, this study was focused on pruduction activities of a producers' organization, Pulmoo Cooperatives in Hong-Dong Myun, Hong-Seong Region, Chung Nam Province. So the following results were obtained : In 1994, output level and an income rate of rice per unit area(10a) which was produced in organic farming method(O.F.M) was higher than those of general farming method(G.F.M) as about 5%, 7.4%. And management income size of the former was 1.8 times as large as that of the latter. But rice production cost of O.F.M was 1.93 times as much as that of G.F.M, particularily in labor cost and farming equipment cost, light and heat expenses, many other material costs. For the progress of organic farming O.F.M and equipmets should be developed much more, for example, the technics of prevetion against damages by blight and harmful insects and improvement of varieties, natural pesticides, agricultual application of microorganisim, construction of compost heat factory, etc. Since these technics and establishments have taken on the public goods, the development of those should be supported by government.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-53
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to find what difficulties the agricultural successors, the Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries (KNCAF) graduates, face with in implementing eco-friendly agriculture in Jeju, and what solutions they can be provided with. This research, a case study on the basis of open-ended survey questions, has 6 cases out of 8 graduates who have or had implemented eco-friendly citrus farming. In Jeju, 24 graduates have involved in citrus farming. According to the case study, only one case was environment-friendly farming method at the pesticide-free level, and the others at organic farming level. All the cases have tried to alter main crops or to diversify management for coping with global climate change and market-opening. On analyzing operating cost to gain product of merchantable quality, it revealed that the environment-friendly farming method needs much more managing efforts than the conventional farming does. But to the contrary, the materials cost in the environment-friendly farming method was lower than in the conventional farming method. In the total production and the price, the environment-friendly farming was 20~50% lower and 10~50% higher than the conventional farming, respectively. Difficulties which the graduates confronted with in implementing the environment-friendly agriculture are as below. Firstly, many of the difficulties have resulted from lack of the environment-friendly farming techniques, and the high cost of farm scale improvement due to high price of land and topographical features of Jeju. Secondly, the agricultural successors, the KNCAF graduates, have trouble in obtaining approval of their parents to changeover from the conventional farming to the environment-friendly farming. Lastly, there is no advisory organizations and experts for environment-friendly farming in the given area. For shift to the environment-friendly farming, followings are needed. Agricultural Technology & Extension center, with cooperation of leading farms in environment-friendly farming, should have a key role in offering education and consults on the environment-friendly farming techniques. Also, this organization should inform rapidly the research results to the farmers, and their feed-back should be involved in the next research. Therefore, it is suggested that the forum called 'Environment-friendly Organic Farming Forum in Jeju' tentatively is organized.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-27
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• 2001

The number of organic farms are increasing in European countries during last 10 years. Most European governments are giving subsidies for organic farmers as well as converting organic farms from conventional farming method. The price level of most organic products are higher than price level of conventional products in general. However, there are certainly some market demand problems in organic products in some countries. Organic farms will be increased in 2005 and 2010 for 10∼20% of the total agricultural area in some European countries. Government subsidy payment is also increasing. Therefore, many farmers are going to change into organic farming method from conventional farming. However, there will be certainly some market demand problems in future because of national economic growth problems. At the same time, the quality of soil can be improved and status of health of urban consumers should be improved by consuming organic products.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.231-243
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• 1995

This paper aims to study regional difference in strawberry farming technology and its causal factors based on the survey of controlled strawberry farmers in three major strawberry cultivating regions, which are Nonsan county of Chungnam Province, Damyang County of Junnam Province and Guchang County of Kyungnam Province. There are differences in variety adoption, packaging and grading method which cause the farming income gap among these regions. Farmers of Guchang County, who adopt new variety Yeobong and packing system, raised highest gross receipts but ranked next to Damyang in terms of net income because of high packing cost. Farmers of Nonsan County earned lowest income because of poor quality and low price in spite of adopting packing cost saving method. Therefore, results of this study shows that successful farming technology depend on whether or not farmers adopt market oriented technology. It is suggested that direction of strawberry farming technology should focus on adopting new varieties which can contribute to increasing farmers' paid price and developing technology of reducing cost such as labor saving and packing machine.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.707-716
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the management performance and production efficiency of strawberry farmers who introduced smart farming, one of the primary symbols of the fourth industrial revolution in the agricultural sector. Methods: We conducted an empirical survey of strawberry farms using smart farming and analyzed production efficiency using DEA method. Results: First, difficulties for strawberry farmers introducing smart farming included time and money spent on parts replacement and additional costs due to compatibility problems with existing facilities after the adoption. Second, strawberry farmers using smart farming increased their total income by producing higher yield and improving quality thanks to the competent growth management. Third, the analysis of production efficiencies before and after smart farming found improvement in technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency. But, the gaps in technical and scale efficiencies among the farms widened. Conclusion: Based on the results above, following policy suggestions are offered. First, an environment control technology suitable for strawberry farming needs to be developed. Second, the smart farming technology needs to be standardized by the government. Third, new smart farm models need to be developed to accommodate to the facilities and environment in Korea through collecting big data including high-quality data on the environment, growth, and yield. Fourth, continuing education needs to be provided to narrow the gap in smart farming technology among strawberry farmers.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.143-159
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• 2012

Agricultural income is calculated with producer price, output and management cost. This study compared organic farming with conventional one for agricultural income, producer price and output by items. And then it proposed the method of item selection and crop system from a diversification point of view. The coefficient of variation to producer prices in organic farming was 4.7%, and conventional one was 30.3% because organic products have been produced in a system of contract farming with consumers' cooperative. This result means the price of organic products is stabler than that of conventional price. And agricultural income of organic farming has been generally known more than that of conventional one. However, agricultural gross income of conventional farming was more than that of organic one by 20.3% in 2010. It was caused by output reduction of a few items(fer example; onion, large green onion, potato and young pumpkin) due to freak weather conditions and constant producer price for several years in organic farming. In order to increase agricultural income, appropriate crop selection and system should be introduced to organic farming. A principal crop is the rice plant and 2 subordinate crops are dry crops at bare field and greenhouse respectively. Thus 5 crop systems that agricultural gross income are relatively increased larger among 15 crop systems estimated are rice+ginger+cucumber, rice+ginger+tomato, rice+large green onion+cucumber, rice+sweet potato+cucumber and rice+onion+ cucumber.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.475-490
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• 2012

Since 1997, Korean Ministry of Knowledge Economy and Ministry of Environment have established data on some 400 basic raw and subsidiary materials and process like energy, petro-chemical, steel, cement, glass, paper, construction materials, transportation, recycling and disposal etc by initiating establishment of LCI database. Regarding agriculture, Rural Development Administration has conducted establishment of LCI database for major farm products like rice, barley, beans, cabbage and radish etc from 2009, and released that they would establish LCI database for 50 items until 2020 later on. The domestic LCI database for seeds, seedling, agrochemical, inorganic, fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc is only at initial stage of establishment, so overseas LCI databases are brought and being used. However, since the domestic and overseas natural environments differ, they fall behind in reliability. Therefore, this study has the purpose to select organic farming materials, survey the production process for various types of organic farming materials and establish LCI database for the effects of greenhouse gas emitted by each crop during the process. As for selecting methods, in this study organic farming materials were selected in the method of direct observation of material and bottom-up method a survey method with focus on the organic farming materials admitted into rice production. For the basic unit of carbon emission amount by the production of 1kg of organic farming material, the software PASS 4.1.1 developed by Korea Accreditation Board under Ministry of Knowledge Economy was used. The study had the goal to ultimately provide basic unit to calculate carbon emission amount in executing many institutions like goal management system and carbon performance display system etc in agricultural sector to be conducted later on. As a result, emission basic units per 1kg of production were calculated to be 0.04968kg-$CO_2$ for oystershells, 0.004692kg-$CO_2$ for expanded rice hull, and 1.029kg-$CO_2$ for bordeaux mixture liquid.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 1994

In the edible parts of chinese cabbage, the NO-3 accumulation was higher in the outer leaves than in the inner leaves and it was higher in the leaf midrib than in the leaf blade. In Radish, it was higher in the aerial part of the root than in the underground part of root. NO-3 accumulation in edible parts of chinese cabbage of organic farming fertilized with compost 8t/10a was about 4 times higher than those of conventional farming with recommended mineral nitrogen; and was similar to those of conventional farming fertilized with twice the mineral nitrogen rate. But, NO-3 accumulation in radish of organic farming with 8t/10a compost was lower than those of conventional farming with recommended mineral nitrogen. It showed NO-3 content in the edible parts of vegetables should be considered one of several parpmeters to judge a real safety vegetable to be certified by government.