• 제목/요약/키워드: Farm Workers

검색결과 105건 처리시간 0.034초

유우사 내부 위치 및 작업 형태에 따른 분진 모니터링 및 분석 (Analysis of Dust Concentration in Dairy Farm according to Sampling Location and Working Activities)

  • 박관용;권경석;이인복;하태환;김락우;이민형
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제59권3호
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    • pp.71-81
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    • 2017
  • Organic dust generated inside livestock facilities includes toxic organic matters such as bacteria and endotoxin. Dust can cause respiratory disease for worker and livestock, and consequently, degradation of welfare and productivity. Influence of dust on livestock workers has been studied since the 1970s. However, exposure limit for cattle farmer has not been established, unlike exposure limit for pig and poultry farmer. Furthermore, study on air quality inside livestock facility, especially inside dairy farm has been rarely conducted in Korea. In this study, dust concentration of TSP, PM10, inhalable and respirable dust has been monitored in the commercial dairy house according to location and working activities. Bedding material inside the stall was one of the major sources of dust. The amount of dust was related to water content level of the bedding material. Dust concentration was relatively high in leeward location, and the highest concentration was measured during TMR mixing process. The maximum value of inhalable dust concentration was 29.1 times higher than the reference value as fine particles drop to the TMR mixer. Dust generated by TMR mixing was presumed to decrease by adjusting moisture and drop height of feed.

Consideration of Programs and Operations of Farms Providing Agro-Healing Service

  • Lee, Sang Mi;Jeong, Na Ra;Jeong, Seon Hee;Gim, Gyung Mee;Han, Kyung Sook;Chea, Young;Kim, Kwang Jin;Jang, Hyun Jin
    • 인간식물환경학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2019
  • This study was designed to examine agro-healing services and programs provided and operated by farms in Korea. The results of the analysis of the agro-healing programs and operation of farms were as follows. The purpose of the operation of farms was to raise productivity by managing farms in a cooperative way through agricultural production, education and healing, and to raise income by processing and selling agricultural products. It was difficult to access farms by public transport and thus visitors had to use their own cars. The size of farms varied. The main resources utilized in the surveyed programs were plants, rural environments and landscapes, and agricultural products. The programs were conducted using resources that were commonly found in rural areas. Facilities on each farm were equipped with facilities (indoor and outdoor learning place, gardens, vegetable gardens, orchards, etc.) and convenience facilities (parking lots, drinking fountains, kiosks, etc.) to support program operation. However, facilities for the handicapped and accommodation facilities were insufficient. The programs operated on each farm utilized agricultural resources, farm produce, and rural resources and were classified into activities such as making, feeling, and growing. The average number of people who operated the family-centered program was 2-3, having qualifications such as welfare horticultural therapists, forest interpreters, experience instructors, and social workers. In addition, they had expertise in medicinal food, dietary life, and social welfare, and they also had essential expertise required to operate programs.

모돈의 주간관리와 그룹관리 비교 (Comparison of Weekly and Batch Management System for Sows)

  • 장영달;주원석;용홍봉;박용국;장성권;정정수;김유용
    • 한국축산시설환경학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.171-182
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    • 2009
  • 일반적으로 올인-올아웃 시스템은 농장에서 양돈 생산성을 개선할 수 있는 최선의 사양관리방법으로 알려져 있으며, 그룹관리 방식은 질병의 전파를 차단하고, 질병 순환 고리를 제거할 수 있는 올인-올아웃 시스템을 자연스럽게 적용할 수 있는 사양 관리 방법 중 하나이다. 그룹관리는 양돈장의 모든 총두수, 돈사 시설 등을 고려하였을 때, 그룹의 크기와 관리 주간의 차이에 따라 다양한 방식이 존재한다. 모돈의 주간관리와 그룹관리 방법은 농장의 상황에 따라 다양한 장단점이 존재하며, 시설과 모돈 수 등을 고려하여 가장 적합한 관리 방법을 농장에 적용하여야 할 것이다. 모돈의 그룹관리는 형태에 따라 2, 3, 5, 7 주간 그룹관리 등으로 나눌 수 있지만, 이중에서도 3주간 그룹관리는 주간관리, 2, 5, 7 주간 관리에 비해 돈군의 흐름과 모돈의 번식 생리를 적절히 활용하고, 관리자의 작업효율을 높일 수 있는 관리 방법이라고 할 수 있겠다. 임신이 되지 않은 모돈은 3주 간격의 발정주기를 갖게 되므로, 이 같은 모돈의 생리를 효과적으로 이용하는 방법이 모돈들을 3주간 그룹관리체계로 관리하는 것이다. 3주간 그룹관리는 모돈의 번식능력 향상은 물론, 전체 양돈장에 올인-올아웃에 의한 사양 관리가 이루어질 수 있도록 하여 PMWS, PRRS, PRDC, PED 등 국내에 만연하고 있는 질병을 예방하고, 유럽의 양돈선진국들에 비해 현저히 낮은 국내의 양돈 생산성을 개선시킬 수 있는 대안이 될 수 있다고 하겠다.

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일부 농촌지역 비닐하우스 농사자들의 작업환경 및 농부증 실태와 관련요인평가 (A Studs on Farmers Syndrome and Its Risk Factors of Vinylhouse Workers and Evaluation of Risk Factors of Vinylhouse Works)

  • 이중정
    • 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.101-119
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    • 2004
  • 비닐하우스 농사자의 건강에 영향을 미치는 요인과 비닐하우스 작업에서 문제가 되는 유해 환경을 평가하기 위하여 2004년 4월 8일부터 18일까지 11일간에 걸쳐 경상북도 고령군 1개 읍, 7개면 지역의 비닐하우스 농사자 102명 및 일반 농사자 69명을 대상으로 설문조사 및 이화학적 검사를 시행하였으며, 아울러 비닐하우스내의 기중, 토양중 중금속 측정 및 기온, 기습, 기류, 유해가스 등을 측정하였다. 비닐하우스내의 고온환경을 측정한 결과 흐린날임에도 불구하고 한낮의 비닐하우스 내부 온도는 $33.4^{\circ}$나 되었으며, 실내와 실외의 온도차가 $16^{\circ}$ 정도를 보였다. 산소농도는 내부와 외부에서 비슷하였으며, 이산화탄소는 내부에서 농도가 낮았다. 일산화탄소는 검출되지 않았다. 8개의 비닐하우스 내부의 공기중, 카드뮴은 검출되지 않았고, 토양내 납 농도는 표토에서 모두 오히려 하우스 주변의 농지에 비해 농도가 낮게 나타났으며, 카드뮴은 일부 지 점을 제외하고는 비슷한 농도를 보였다. 남자 비닐하우스 재배자에서 농부증 양성자는 16.4%, 의심자는 49.2%였으며, 여자 비닐하우스 농사자의 경우 농부증 양성 및 의심인 경우가 41.5%, 46.3% 였다. 남자 일반 농사의 경우는 농부증 양성자가 30.4%였으며, 여자 일반 농사자의 경우 농부증 양성자가 60.0%, 의심자가 28.3% 였다. 고혈압 및 간기능이상의 분포는 비닐하우스 농사자와 일반 농사간에 차이는 없었으나, 당뇨유병율은 일반 농사자에서 높았다. 농부증에 영향을 미치는 변수로 비닐하우스 재배, 성, 일일 농사시간이 유의한 변수로 채택되었는데 비닐하우스 농사자에서 일반 농사자에 비해 오히려 농부증 양성율이 낮은 것으로 나타났다(비차비: 0.304, 95% 신뢰구간: 0.118-0.975), 여자에서 남자보다 양성율이 더 높은 것으로 니타났으며(비차비: 9.376, 95% 신뢰구간: 2.457-35.782), 일일 농사시간이 10시간을 초과하는 농사자에서 그 이하 시간의 농사자보다 농부증 양성율이 높았다(비차비: 4.053, 95% 신뢰구간: 1.460-11.253). 비닐하우스 농사자 중 농사를 지은 총기간, 농사면적, 하루 평균 농사짓는 시간, 같이 농사를 짓는 가족수, 농약 살포횟수 등의 농작업 관련 변수와 농부증 분포의 차이는 없었다. 또한 농약을 직접 살포하는 사람중 마스크, 방제복 착용과, 개인위생과도 농부증 분포의 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 농부병 분포별로 혈중 납농도와 요중 카드뮴 농도, 혈청 콜린에스테라제, 혈색소치의 차이는 없었다. 비닐하우스 농사자에서 여자에서 남자보다 농부증 양성율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며(비차비: 89.042, 95%신뢰구간: 4.357-1819.511), 일일 농사시간이 10시간을 초과하는 농사자에서 그 이하 시간의 농사자보다 농부증 양성율이 높았다(비차비: 5.312, 95% 신뢰구간: 1.280-22.054). 또한 하루평균 수면시간이 8시간 이상인 군이 8시간 미만 수면군에 비해 양성율이 낮았다(비차비: 0.281, 95% 신뢰구간: 0.081-0.978). 결론적으로 비닐하우스 내의 물리적 환경은 유해한 것으로 나타났으나, 화학적 환경의 경우 유해성의 큰차이는 보이지 않았다. 또한 비닐하우스 농사자에서 일반농사자보다 농부증 및 고혈압, 당뇨, 간기능 이상 등의 만성병 유병률이 높지 않게 나타났으며, 비닐하우스 농사자에서 농사시간이 길수록, 수면시간이 충분치 못한 경우 농부증 유병이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

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자동차 제조 사업장 근로자들의 석면 취급 이력 추정 (Estimation of the Asbestos Handling History of Workers in the Automobile Manufacturing Industry in Korea)

  • 최상준;김신범;최영은
    • 한국산업보건학회지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.423-432
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate asbestos handling history of workers at automobile manufacturing plants in Korea. Methods: National regulations on asbestos and Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) database on the information of asbestos containing products were reviewed. We investigated asbestos related materials from one automobile manufacturing plant. Material safety data sheets(MSDS) collected in 2010, work environment monitoring results reported from 2000 to 2013, trade union reports and asbestos survey reports were reviewed. We also interviewed workers with long career and did walk-through survey. Results: The Ministry of Labor in Korea has permitted asbestos manufacturing since 1990. In 1997, the use of crocidolite and amosite asbestos were banned. In 2007, the Korean government announced a total ban on the manufacturing, importation and use of all kinds of asbestos, which took full effect in 2009. A total of 174 asbestos products information from KOSHA database was analyzed. Extruded cement panel for building, special brake for crane farm machinery, gasket, joint sheet and thermal insulator were produced until 2007. From automobile manufacturing plant survey, we confirmed that asbestos containing materials(ACM) such as gasket, heating induction materials have been used until 2011. Asbestos containing building materials(ACBM) such as bamlites, slate and ceiling tex were reported at 122 asbestos dismantling projects in 2014. Conclusion: Although the use of all kinds of asbestos were banned from 2009, ACMs and ACBMs installed before 2009 were still found at automobile manufacturing plant until 2011 and 2014 respectively. In particular, asbestos slates should be managed because most of slates had not been removed until 2014.

양돈장 내의 환경 요인에 따른 내부 유해인자의 변동 모니터링 (Monitoring of Internal Harmful Factors According to Environmental Factors in Pig Farm)

  • 이성원;김효철;서일환
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제62권1호
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    • pp.105-115
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    • 2020
  • With the decrease of the agricultural population in Korea, the workers who is vulnerable to labor are increasing in agricultural industry because of aging, feminization of population. They are exposed in poor working environment with higher temperature and concentrations of dust, gas. Higher concentration of harmful gas and dust can cause chronic and acute disease to workers depending on exposure intensity and frequency. In order to improve the working environment in the livestock facilities, It is important to secure monitoring data of the thermal environment and the concentration of harmful gases and fine dust. Multi-point measurement was performed to analyze the regional environmental conditions in the pig rooms. When analyzing the working environment, video monitoring was conducted to analyze the concentration changes of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and fine dust according to worker movement and work type. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide monitoring result showed 1.5~2 times higher concentrations than other work when working in the pigs living zone, and 2~4 times higher than other work when working to increase the activity of pigs. In the case of fine dust, the result was 1.3 times higher than the worker's exposure standard in a specific work. The concentrations of gases and dusts from pig farms are not of concern for acute poisoning in normal work, but there is a risk of chronic respiratory disease if they are continuously exposed. Accordingly, there is a need for development of work environment monitoring device tailored to workers and preparation of alternatives.

양돈장 작업장소별 암모니아 및 황화수소의 실시간 모니터링 (Real-time Monitoring of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide According to Workplace at Swine Farms)

  • 박지훈;강태선;석지원;진수현;허용;김경란;이경숙;윤충식
    • 한국산업보건학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.402-411
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: This study aims to assess the concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide according to task unit area at swine farms. Methods: A total of six swine farms were selected for this study. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were monitored using a real-time multi-gas monitor which could sample the gases simultaneously. The sampling was done in the pig building, manure storage facility and composting facility of each farm. Results: The concentration of ammonia in the pig buildings(GM 22.6 ppm, GSD 2.3) was significantly higher(p<0.0001) than in the manure storage facilities(GM 10.4 ppm, GSD 2.7) and composting facilities(GM 8.6 ppm, GSD 2.8). The concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the manure storage facilities(GM 9.8 ppm, GSD 3.2) was higher(p<0.0001) than in the pig buildings(GM 2.3 ppm, GSD 2.3) and composting facilities(GM 1.9 ppm, GSD 2.5). In particular, the levels of hydrogen sulfide in the confined manure storage facilities were higher than those in open-type facilities and the peak concentration(98 ppm) in the confined facilities was approximate to 100 ppm, at the value of Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health(IDLH). Conclusions: Suffocation accidents caused by hazardous gases at a swine farm have occurred annually. Real-time monitoring of the hazards should be done in order to protect farm workers and livestock from the sudden accidents.

농업분야에 적용이 가능한 산업용 ICT 융합 개인보호 및 편이장비 특허동향 분석 (Analysis of Patent Trends in Industrial Information and Communication Technology Convergence: Personal Protection and Convenience Equipment Applicable to Agriculture)

  • 김인수;김경수;채혜선;김효철;김경란
    • 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.377-390
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    • 2017
  • This study identified technological trends through an analysis of patents for the industrialization of personal protection and convenience equipment using information and communication technology (ICT) as a part of efforts to prevent farm work-related disasters. The analysis was conducted on patents registered and published between January 1974 and May 2016 by the world's five largest intellectual property offices, including the KIPO, USPTO, JPO, EPO, and SIPO. The results of the analysis indicate that the US (36.8%) and South Korea (30.9%) led technological research and development (R&D) with frequent patent applications. An analysis of the technological market revealed that these countries are in the growth and maturity stages, in which the number of patents and number of patent applicants grow rapidly. In terms of the technological market shares of major countries, the US recorded the highest market shares in the field of sensing systems for workers' dangerous conditions and convenience protection equipment based on the internet of things (IoT) convergence. South Korea marked the highest share of 41.8% in the field of sensing devices for dangerous conditions in the working environment. An analysis of the trend of patent applications by specific technologies disclosed the following results: sensing systems for workers' dangerous conditions accounted for the highest share (49.2%), followed by IoT convergence-based convenience protection equipment (26.3%) and sensing devices for dangerous conditions in the working environment (24.6%). Based on this study, ICT-based personal protection and convenience equipment technologies are expected to be actively developed in the future. It will be necessary to secure national competitiveness through R&D investments and commercialization in personal protection and convenience equipment appropriate for farm work as well as through the acquisition of patent technologies and intellectual property rights.

양돈 농가의 안전사고 발생현황 및 안전보건 관리수준 (A Survey on the Present State of Occurrence of Safety Accidents and Safety and Health Management Levels Among Swine Farmers)

  • 김경란;김인수;김효철;이경숙;채혜선
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제40권5호
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    • pp.413-424
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to seek measures for improvement and management of farm work safety and health by conducting questionnaire surveys and on-site investigations to ascertain the present state of occurrence of safety accidents and safety and health management levels among swine farmers. In particular, the purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the establishment of measures for the management of safety and health suitable to the characteristics of related working environments. Methods: Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 223 farmers engaged in swine farming in 14 regions, and 10 farms were visited in order to implement multilateral methods, including in-depth interviews, along with field surveys. Results: The surveys indicated that 26.2% of all respondents experienced farm-work related safety accidents and body-reaction related accidents showed a high ratio at 31.1% of all respondents. With regard to cause materials of safety accidents, work other than that directly related to swine raising showed high ratios of safety accidents, with pigsty facility related accidents at 26.6%. Although most workers recognized the dangers latent in the working environments, their behavior and responses to the prevention of safety accidents were still insufficient due to a lack of understanding of safety and health management. In the survey on the present state of personal hygiene and wearing of protective equipment, workers were found to have been exposed to dangerous and harmful environments both inside and outside pigsties, but the actual states of their wearing protective safety equipment were very poor. Conclusion: Given the results of this study, swine farmers well recognize problems in their control of safety accidents and management of safety and health, but their knowledge about safety and health education and management guidelines was insufficient. Therefore, safety and health education, public relations, and customized personal protective equipment suitable for swine raising work should be developed in order to address the foregoing problem.

노년기 농업노동의 사회복지비용 절감 효과 분석 (The Effect of Farming Labor in Later Life on the Social Welfare Expenditure)

  • 윤순덕;박공주;강경하
    • 한국노년학
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.109-126
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 65세 이상 노인에게 공공의 사회보장부문에서 제공하는 사회적 급여를 사회복지비용이라 정의하고, 노인의 농업노동 참여가 사회복지비용 지출에 어떻게 영향을 미치며 농업노동 참여여부에 따라 1인당 그리고 한 해 사회복지비용 지출이 얼마나 차이가 있는지를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 노인의 소득·의료보장을 위해 지출된 2003년도 교통수당, 경로연금, 국민기초생활보장 생계급여와 의료급여, 국민건강보험급여 등 생계지원비 및 의료지원비를 37개 동·읍·면사무소와 국민건강보험공단에 자료제공 협조를 요청하여 만 65세 이상 노인 799명에 대한 원자료를 수집·활용하였다. 65~74세, 75~84세, 85세 이상 등 3개 연령집단별로 분석한 결과, 첫째, 생계지원비 및 의료지원비 모두 모든 연령집단에서 농업노동에 참여한 노인보다 농업노동을 하지 않았던 노인에게 더 많이 지출되었다. 노인 1인당 차액은 연령집단에 따라 약간 차이가 있었는데 생계지원비는 113,959~361,132원, 의료지원비는 15,644~51,418원이었다. 둘째, 노인의 농업노동 참여여부는 65~74세, 75~84세 연령집단의 생계비 지출에, 65~74세 연령집단의 의료지원비 지출에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과를 기초로 하여 노년기 농업노동 참여에 따른 한 해 사회복지비용 절감액을 산출한 결과, 2003년도 기준 1304억원이었다.