• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.395-404
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• 2019

This paper investigated the changes in Hanwoo breeding farms and herds according to their farm size and farm types based on traceability data in the Hanwoo industry. The major results are summarized as follows. First, the notion that small sized farms are breeding farms and middle or large sized farms are fattening farms is wrong. The results show that middle or large farms are not only fattening cattle but also breeding female cattle. Based on cattle data for over 6 months and under the criteria of a female cow ratio of 10 and 90% using the 2/4 quarter of 2018, the results show that the ratio of fattening only farms is 5.7%, that of breeding only farms is 59.0%, and that of fattening and breeding farms is 36.1%. The ratios of fattening, breeding, and both are 13.3, 13.5, and 73.2%, respectively, for a farm size with over 100 cattle. Second, this study found that the ratio of breeding farms over total farms has been increasing continuously over the last 5 years. This trend is apparent in the middle or large sized farms. However, the birth rate of cows is relatively lower in the middle and large sized farms than in the small sized farms. Hence, we can infer that the demand for a detection system for standing estrus in female cattle will increase. Additionally, the government should prepare relevant policies to stabilize the managerial conditions of middle or large sized farms.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.217-225
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• 2021

We investigated the effect of temperature and stock density on the collection efficiency of oral fluid in the pig farm in Korea. Three pig farms with similar breeding environmental conditions were selected and four pens of each farm (total 12 pens) were tested for the collection efficiency of oral fluid from pigs. Collection rate was considered as significant when oral fluid was collected from 70% of pigs within a pen. In the case of growing pigs, when internal temperature of pig barn increased by one designated degree (5℃), the oral fluid collection rate significantly decreased by 24.7% (P<0.05). The collection rate of oral fluid also decreased by 7.1% (P<0.05) as the density rate increase by one designated degree (12.5%). It was estimated that the collection efficiency of oral fluid decreased when the internal temperature of pig barn was 30℃ or higher, or barn density is higher 25% or high. On the other hand, in the case of stall-housing sows, unlike growing pigs, there was no significant differences according to the temperature, so oral fluid collection was considered to be efficient even in hot season.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.113-118
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• 1977

Into the precontaminated farm milk hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$) was added at the concentrations ranging from 0.01％ to 0.05％ and kept at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 16 hours with periodical determinations for viable counts, residual $H_2O$$_2$, and lactic acid. Under the tested conditions the initial level of contaminated bacteria could be arrested from growing at least for 8, 12, and 16 hours by treating the milk with 0.01, 0.02. and 0.03 per cent of $H_2O$$_2$, respectively. Furthermore, when the $H_2O$$_2$concentrations ware limited within the level of 0.03 Per cent the added $H_2O$$_2$was completely decomposed within 12 hours without the aid of external catalase and the decomposition time decreased in parallel with the $H_2O$$_2$ concentrations. A safer use of $H_2O$$_2$for preserving farm milk temporarily by limiting its concentration has been discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.127-135
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• 2023

This study examined the impact of changes in agricultural production methods on society, the economy, and the environment. While traditional open-field farming relied heavily on natural conditions, modern approaches, including greenhouse and smart farming, have emerged to mitigate the effects of climate and seasonal variations. Facility horticulture has been on the rise since the 1990s, and recently, there has been a growing interest in smart farms due to reasons such as climate change adaptation and food security. We compared open-field spinach and greenhouse spinach using agricultural income survey data, and we also compared greenhouse tomato cultivation with smart farming tomato cultivation, utilizing data from the smart farm survey reports. The economic results showed that greenhouse spinach increased yield by 25.8% but experienced a 29% decrease in income due to equipment depreciation. In the case of tomato production in smart farms, both yield and income increased by 36-39% and 34-46%, respectively. In terms of environmental impact, we also compared fertilizer and energy usage. It was found that greenhouse spinach used 29% less fertilizer but 14% more energy compared to open-field spinach. Smart farming for tomatoes saw a negligible decrease in electricity and fuel costs. Regarding the social impact, greenhouse spinach reduced labor hours by 31%, and the introduction of smart farming for tomatoes led to an average 11% reduction in labor hours. This reduction is expected to have a positive effect on sustainable farming. In conclusion, the transition from open-field to greenhouse cultivation and from greenhouse cultivation to smart farming appears to yield positive effects on the economy, environment, and society. Particularly, the reduction in labor hours is beneficial and could potentially contribute to an increase in rural populations.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2024

Purpose: Accidental vaccination with a live attenuated low-virulence strain of Miyagi (LOM) vaccine led to the reemergence of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in Jeju province, South Korea in 2014. To control the continual outbreaks of LOM-derived CSFV, the provincial government launched a provincial mass vaccination project using a CSF-E2 subunit vaccine. We conducted this study to assess the herd immunity level and outcomes of E2 vaccine-based immunization in breeding and growing herds on Jeju Island during 2020-2021. Materials and Methods: A large-scale vaccination trial using the Bayovac CSF-E2 vaccine investigated its efficacy in breeding and growing herds under farm application conditions (10 CSFV-affected and three CSFV-naïve swine farms). Results: The level of herd immunity in each farm was classified into three (S1-S3) and six (G1-G6) profiles in breeding and growing herds, respectively. Immunity monitoring revealed a remarkable improvement in the herd immunity status in all farms. The majority (10/13) of farms, including CSFV-free farms, showed the S1G1 immunity profile in 2021, indicating the appropriate implementation of the advised vaccination regime. Moreover, there were significant decreases in E^rns seropositivity from 100% to 50% and 25.9% to 4.3% at farm and pig levels, respectively. In particular, all farms were confirmed as CSFV free in the growing-finishing herds. Conclusion: Our large-scale trial demonstrated the effectiveness of the E2 subunit vaccine in establishing herd immunity stabilization and eliminating CSFV circulation in the affected farms and highlighted the need for a provincial vaccination policy to regain the CSF-free status on Jeju Island.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.151-161
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were: a) to classify rural women's roles according to apicultural activity, and b) to find out the needs for education system related to women's roles in agricultural technology and the participation in decision making of farming activities, and c) to put forward the programs in agricultural educational system for supporting rural women according to their role types. This study was based on a literature review, empirical analysis including women in rural Korea. Based on the empirical findings, the following suggestions could be of offered for helping the rural women according to the types of their roles. 1) Family cultural reform, farming helper system, relief of housework allotment, supporting educational expenses, equal opportunity and easier places for participations should be strengthened in education programs of women farmers in Korea. 2) Government should provide diverse incentive programs, appropriate information and educational supports for women farmers' agricultural education including equipment and facilities for easy farm management. 3) Automation and mechanization of farm works, computer education, eco-friendly agricultural production skills, family consciousness and group action, importance and the future prospects of agriculture and farming, leadership role should be strengthened in agricultural education programs for rural women.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2020

The share of agrophotovoltaics in the "renewable energy 3020", which is the Korean government policy for revitalizing new and renewable energy, is increasing gradually. In this study, the distribution of solar radiation received by crops growing on virtual farmland under a range of conditions, such as module height, module angle, shading ratio, and module type, was quantified and analyzed using an Ecotect program, which allows insolation analysis during the period from spring to fall. As the module angle increases, transmissive modules increase the amount of solar radiation delivered to the lower farmland. In addition, the difference between 3x12 Cell Type and 4x9 Cells Type, which are types of photovoltaic modules used in practice, was found to be small. The analysis results can be used as a design standard for the future establishment of agrophotovoltaic systems.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.466-473
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• 2011

This paper proposes a protection algorithm for a wind turbine generator (WTG) in a large wind farm. To minimize the outage section, a protection relay for a WTG should operate instantaneously for an internal fault or a connected feeder fault, whereas the relay should not operate for an internal fault of another WTG connected to the same feeder or an adjacent feeder fault. In addition, the relay should operate with a delay for an inter-tie fault or a grid fault. An internal fault of another WTG connected to the same feeder or an adjacent feeder fault, where the relay should not operate, is determined based on the magnitude of the positive sequence current. To differentiate an internal fault or a connected feeder fault from an inter-tie fault or a grid fault, the phase angle of the negative sequence current is used to distinguish a fault type. The magnitude of the positive sequence current is then used to decide either instantaneous operation or delayed operation. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified under various fault conditions with EMTP-RV generated data. The results indicate that the algorithm can successfully distinguish instantaneous operation, delayed operation, or non-operation depending on fault positions and types.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.285-289
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• 2012

In this paper, the farm information system was designed by ubiquitous computing. The irrigation system was set up for growing forest products. Also, the integrated sensing system with the radar sensors would be constructed for sensing the temperature, the humidity and the direction of the wind, ect. And the monitoring programs for workers in the fields were provided for the control and the monitoring the growing conditions of the forest products. Finally the database was constructed for the total monitoring and management system, so the data from sensor system was stored in the database sever for analysing growing environment.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends of basic income guarantee of which the discussion has been spreading in recent years and to explore the feasibility of this system in the rural areas of Chungchengnam-do. Basic Income Guarantee means a system in which all members of society could take regular incomes which is at a minimum necessary for their life without any conditions, and it is already introduced or being currently discussed in several countries and regions such as USA, Switzerland, Namibia. In Korea, it is currently claimed that breakthrough policy such as basic income guarantee for farmers should be introduced for farmers or rural residents who are facing the challenges of the double, namely the reduction of farm incomes and rural population due to the expansion of global free trade such as WTO and FTA since 1990s. Therefore, the policy considerations and suggestions for implementing the basic income guarantee for farmers in Chungcheongnam-do is explained in this paper.