• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.435-447
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate foodservice management of child care centers in Ansan and to suggest the basic data for foodservice management improvement. A questionnaire survey of 48 child care centers in Ansan was undertaken. Child care centers were categorized large (children eve. 100) and small(children less than 100) by size and public and private by type. Survey questionnaires consisted of general background, employee, food inspection and storage, kitchen, cooking facilities, food distribution and hygiene utensils. The results of this study are summarized as follows: because 46.9% to 56.3% of the centers took a dietitian in employment, foodservices in most of centers were not managed by professionals. The average of employee were 0.77 persons in smalll centers and 1.65 persons in large centers. The average space of kitchen were 3.86 pyung in smalll center, 6.06 pyung (1 pyung=$3.3058m^2$) in large centers. According to the data analyzed from Food inspection and storage, kitchen, cooking facilities, food distribution and hygiene utensils, the results indicate that the foodservice management of child care centers were in a relatively poor state. The director in child care centers should recognize the importance of the sanitation management and pay more attention to food service facilities. To improve foodservice performance at child care centers, it is required fur the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family to develop both the kitchen facility model based on the general sanitation standards and guidelines for child care centers.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the related factors to child overweight through investigation of children aged 6-12. Data on physical examinations, family history and dietary habits were obtained. Children were classified into normal(98 persons) and overweight(118 persons) group using the combination of height for age, weight for age and weight for height standard by the World Health Organization. Children's height, weight and BMI exhibited a significant difference between groups except children aged 8 for height. Unbalanced diet was a risk factors for overweight(Odd ratio : 1.765, 95% CI : 1.022~3.048). Number of brothers showed negative significance especially in two brothers compared to that of one(Odd ratio : 0.456, 95% CI : 0.209~0.995). But Birth weight, feeding practice, overeating, taking nutrition pills, sleeping time, mother's education level and employmental status didn't have any difference. We found out there were different risk factors between obese and overweight group. They should be divided into different groups in studying risk factors. And we should pay much attention to overweight children in order to prevent improving to obesity.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.33-52
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• 2009

Health promotion policies have needed to assess in detailed and evidence-based work to set a policy goal and clear future directions of health promotion in Korea. To identify the major factors related with health promotion, we assessed the associations between public health outcome (potential years of life loss, PYLL) and national health determinants. For this purpose, we used a pooled cross sectional time-series regression analysis with corrected fixed effect models involving sixteen member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development during the period 1970 to 2001. The PYLL was positively associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption (model 1 and 2) and calories intake (model 2 and 3) while the PYLL was negatively associated with GDP, fruit and vegetable intake (model 2), number of doctors (model 3), coverage rates of health care security, and elderly population rates (model 4). In conclusion, health behaviors related with tobacco, alcohol, and nutrition were significant health determinants for health outcome. Overall analysis results of this study will provide a guidance toward improved macro- and micro-policy development for future health promotion policy in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.141-148
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with video display terminal (VDT) syndrome in students who use digital textbooks. Methods: A descriptive survey design was used, and 515 students were selected in 6 out of 20 designated as digital textbook research schools by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST). Results: The subjective symptoms of VDT and their degree of severity in participants were similar to those in general students. Approximately 12.5% of the participants were classified as a potential risk group for VDT syndrome. In the potential risk group, the mean of the subjective symptoms of VDT was above normal ($2.53{\pm}0.52$). Related factors were identified using logistic regression analysis and included being female (odds ratio [OR]= 2.57, p=.002), communication time with family (<30 min) (OR=2.70, p=.006),moderate satisfaction with school life (OR=2.57, p=.003),and dissatisfaction with school life (OR=14.92, p<.001). Conclusion: In order to prevent the occurrence of VDT syndrome in students, it is necessary to urgently establish a preventative program and monitor the use of digital textbooks.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.508-517
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• 2001

The purposes of this study are to investigate marital satisfaction according to demographic characteristic, division of household labor, and awareness of gender discrimination, and to explore influences of demographic and other variables on marital satisfaction. Social statistics survey data which collected in 1998 by ministry of statistics were used for secondary analysis of this study. Marital satisfaction was measured by questionnaire which was consisted in 7 items, including satisfaction with general family life, relationship with their own parent and parent-in-law, relationship with brothers and sisters, relationship with their children, and economic living status. These are measured by 5-point Likert scale. Independent variables are age, education, employment status, having their own house or not, No. of children under school age, parents living or not, perception of sexual discrimination, and division of household labor. The findings of this study show that there are significant differences of marital satisfaction by all independents variables, and all independent variables except employment have significant influences on marital satisfaction. People who are younger, received higher education, have their own house, have more children under schoolage and whose parent are living in the world, show higher marital satisfaction. The more husbands participate to household labor, the better marital satisfaction. In case of perception of sexual discrimination, main effect is not significant, but interaction effect with age is significant. Interaction effect between age and education is also significant. 32.52% of the variance in marital satisfaction were accounted for by these variables.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2010

Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-endopeptidases which can degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) components and play important roles in a variety of biological and pathological processes. 6,6'-bieckol isolated and characterized from an edible marine brown alga Ecklonia cava (EC), according to the comprehensive spectral analysis of MS and NMR data. Here the influence of 6,6'-bieckol on expressions of MMPs was examined by zymography and western blot analysis via human fibrosarcoma cell line (HT1080). It is shown that 6,6'-bieckol significantly down regulated the expressions of MMP-2 and -9 in dose-dependent manner. The influence of 6,6'-bieckol on the cell viability and cell behavior of HT1080 cells were also investigated, our dates shown that it suppressed the migration and 3D culture in HT1080 cells. Meanwhile, we explored several signal pathways which may contribute to this process, and found the suppressing of MMPs expressions in HT1080 cells might be due to the suppression of NF-${\kappa}B$ signal pathway.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.141-149
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• 2006

Ubiquitous computing environment means the computing environment that has taken its position so closely with the ordinary living so much like air or water. In building up the U-Korea, one of the important issues is the social issue from the drasticincrease of senior population. The contemporary society has its distinct trend in increase of senior household following the nuclear family orientation, increase of working parents with the advancement of women in society, unable to support seniors for long distance or short distance of business trip and other reasons that the need of senior welfare has been ever more felt. Accordingly, the Ministry of Government Affairs and Home Administration has developed the wireless paging system to make prompt response system for 119 Rescue when the single senior is encountered with emergency situation that is has been widely provided for the socially neglected people such as single senior, the disabled persons and others. Currently, the wireless paging system is operated as the sub-system for emergency rescue informationsystem, but due to the lack of reliability of product, problems of terminal portable transmitter, receptor and others, rejection of beneficiary and lack of knowledge in use, insufficient management and supervision of managing officers, the efficiency has been declined that there is a need of development for the system. Therefore, this study proposes the context aware information structure of the subject of ubiquitous wireless paging system required forthe development of the wireless paging system model of ubiquitous environment that improved the problems of currently operated wireless paging system.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2005

Interaction Scale between Teachers and Children for childcare teachers (ISTC) was constructed based on the research data completed by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family with a participation of childcare teachers and early childhood educators. The results of this study were; First, the study found that the 42 items of the ISTC were categorized into eight factors by 205 childcare teachers: a positive language and behaviors of teachers, encouragement of positive interactions among peers, offering a nap time, toilet use, emotional intervention, free play participation, an equal care of children, and meals and snack time. Second, these factors exhibited a high correlation interactively. Third, the ISTC showed a high correlation with teachers' performance scale.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.222-231
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• 2007

Purpose: This study aims to suggest political alternatives for nursing care costs for PCAs to provide qualitative medical benefit for patients with occupational disease by investigating present situation and problems of the nursing care cost system of Korea's Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance. Methods: Data was collected from 6 workers' accident medical corporation and 275 nurses affiliated with Korea labor welfare corporation using self reported questionnaire. Result: Research results were as follows; Character of nursing care cost of the Korea's Industrial accident Compensation Insurance changed as if it aims to support for living expenses for the family; As possible problems which could be caused under current system, administrative problems, decrease of service quality were made as objects of criticism. Some patients did not make every effort in rehabilitation to be beneficiaries continuously. Some patients were supplied with whole one PCA or all-night PCA even though they did not need as much caring as such. Conclusion: The research suggested that PCAs payment system improvement is necessary, and the presented nurses' opinion for the improvement method could be applied for policy making.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.136-146
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of copayments for doctor visits and prescription drugs on health services utilization in the Type I Medicaid beneficiaries in Korea. Method: This study examined data from the 2007 survey on Health Services Use and Health Status of Medicaid Beneficiaries performed by the Ministry for Health Welfare and Family Affairs. To analyze these sample survey data, the SURVEYFREQ, SURVEYMEANS, and SURVEYREG procedures which incorporate the sample design into the analyses were used. Results: Findings of this study indicate that copayments for doctor visits and prescription drugs of Medicaid Type I beneficiaries have cut overall medical costs. However, although results should be interpreted very carefully because of the relatively low $R^2$, copayments have cut more health services utilization of people who need more health services because of their complex diseases and disability. In addition, besides copayment, several factors are affecting differences in health services utilization before and after copayments implementation. Conclusion: These results highlight the need to examine the effects of copayments more thoroughly according to the kinds of disease, the severity of disease, and the level of copayment.