• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.31-54
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• 2012

Along with increasing mothers' employment, work-family reconciliation has been recognised as a key policy agenda in contemporary welfare states. Although various policy instruments have been introduced and expanded in recent years, the problem of time allocation within couples still remains as a fundamental issue, which has been largely underresearched at a micro perspective. In this context, this study aims to identify dominant types of work-family time allocation within married couple, and to apply these types to the Korean case using the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis. Further, a series of multiple regression analyses will be implemented to find factors affecting each ideal type of work-family time allocation. The 1999 and 2009 Korea Time Use Survey datasets will be adopted for the analyses. Married couples are selected as samples only when men work 40 hours or more per week and they have at least one pre-school child. Empirical analyses cover three parts. First of all, four ideal types on work-family time allocation are classified by intersecting two core variables - the ratio of men's (paid) working and family (caring time plus domestic work) time to total working and family time. In this research, the four types will be labelled the traditional male breadwinner model (TM, high working and low family time), the dual burden model (DB, shared working but low family time), the family-friendly male breadwinner model (FM, high working but shared family time), and the adaptive partnership model (AP, shared working and shared family time). By comparing the composition of the four ideal types in 1999 and 2009, it will examine the trend of work-family time allocation in Korea. In addition, multiple regressions will be useful for investigating which characteristics contribute to the different degree of each fuzzy ideal score in the four models. Finally, policy implications and further research agenda will be discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.143-164
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• 2005

The study is to analyze support-related issues, particularly associated with elderly and children care, which have been a fundamental agenda of family welfare policy. We are expected for societal-level controversy on the relationship of family support and social security in the near future because of rapid increase in ageing and divorce rate. Accordingly, we need to establish social consensus on the extent to which both family support system and social support system are responsible for the life maintenance of the elderly and the children from divorced family. We also clarify the various characteristics(including scope, degree, period of time, and need/manageability) of support provided by family members. Considering the changes of family structure and population composition, the policy of supporting the old and children should go for social responsibility. Findings show that civil law and social welfare law have unclear application on the relationship between family support and social security, and contents in family support. In particular, public assistance law strongly emphasizes the principle of family support while social insurance laws provide only limited and insufficient family maintenance. The suggestions of further study on support-related issues are given in the rapidly changing society and the increasing economic instability.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.59-75
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• 2003

Using ecological perspectives, this study investigated variables that affect the life satisfaction of employed and unemployed mothers. The subjects were 623 mothers who had preschool and kindergarten age children living in Seoul, Inchon, and Kyonggi areas. Results showed that the life satisfaction was higher in employed mothers and differed by mothers' and fathers' educational level, family composition, and family income. Life satisfaction of both employed and unemployed mothers correlated highly with parental stress, husband's support of child-rearing, social support, and satisfaction with early childhood program. Husband's support of child-rearing was the strongest predictor of life satisfaction for both employed and unemployed mothers.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.128-138
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• 2020

A faunistic list and distribution of aquatic beetles were given with two newly records, Copelatus parallelus Zimmermann, 1920 (family Dytiscidae) and Scirtes sobrinus Lewis, 1895 (family Scirtidae) from Nohwa and Bogil islands in South Korea. As a result, a total of 30 species belonging to 24 genera and eight families were recognized: 12 Dytiscidae species, eight Hydrophilidae species, three Haliplidae species, two Scirtidae species, two Gyrinidae species, one Noteridae species, one Elmidae species, and one Psephenidae species. Composition and habitus photographs of all collected aquatic beetles, habitats, and the diagnostic characters of C. parallelus and S. sobrinus are provided.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.378-385
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• 1995

The growth processes of improved methods for MBE, LPE and $\mu$ - PD methods are discussed taking the oxide materials, especially those of Bi - Sr - Ca - Cu family $LiNbO_3$ and $K_3Li_2Nb_5O_{15}$ family as examples. It is suggested that the crystal growth far from equilibr iu m including composition homogeneity has been achieved to satisfy in understanding and controlling the atomic interfaces.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.581-582
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• 2008

This paper describes novel bootstrapped CMOS differential logic family operating at near-Vth supply voltage. The proposed logic family provides improved switching speed by utilizing voltage bootstrapping for the supply voltage approaching device thresholds. The circuit is configured as differential structure having single bootstrapping capacitor, minimizing area overhead and providing complete logic composition capability. A 64-bit adder designed using the proposed technique in a 0.18um CMOS process provides up to 79% improvement in terms of power-delay product as compared to the conventional adder designed with DCVS.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2011

This research analyzes the residents' satisfaction for the pedestrian space of multi-family housing based on quality index. For this purpose, nine apartment complexes which were built after 2000, are selected and examined by user characteristics of composition factors of pedestrian space. This research also compares residents' satisfaction by evaluation factors of walking environment. The resident survey reveals that the composit type of apartment gives the highest satisfaction to residents followed by a courtyard type, and a straight type the last. In particular, residents show high satisfaction to pedestrian-only space in the case of the composit type of apartment building. The most important factor of walking environment on residential satisfaction is the separation of car and pedestrian path of main entrance. Above all, suitability of construction laws and regulations should be reviewed for safer and more amenable walking environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2004

Our society is rapidly digitalizing. The effects of his digitalization are very diverse and one of them is that our living environments are changing. Many routine places which certain activities have been taken places are changing. For example, home office, education at home using internet, home shopping, internet banking, and so on. These facts cause the home to be extended and digitalized. That is, as our living patterns are changing, the housing needs are also changing. The purpose of this study is to graspe the digital related housing needs of the residents and suggest the directions of the digital home design. The subjects were 400 housewives who lived in 85m2 sized multi-family houses in Busan. They were relatively young in their age, had high education level, and middle income. On the base of their demands, the digital home designed as follows would be desirable: 1) safe and secure design and digital system, 2) design to improve residents' health and encourge family interaction, 3) human, warm, and soft interior mood, 4) the space composition different from the existing one.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.46-57
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• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the growth of low income and multicultural families' children in Dae-jeon area via growth indices, obesity indices and metabolic risk factors. Methods Six to 13-year-old children were enrolled in this study. Children were examined their body composition and bone age and their blood samples were collected. Results Current growth of children in low income and multicultural families was under the average compared to that of average children in the same age. Also, boys were more prone to be overweight than girls and their skeletal maturity was more rapidly progressing. Conclusions Intensive management and more training in regards to exercise and eating habits will be needed to low income and multicultural families' children.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.55-67
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to find applicable design characteristics and methods of communal spaces in vertical urban multi-family housing. With this goal, several overseas' multi-family housing projects are selected and their communal spaces are identified. The design characteristics of the communal spaces are analyzed with a special focus on the territories such as an individual unit boundary, building interior and exterior boundary. In terms of the framework for analysis, territoriality, openness, and unique characteristics are reviewed. As a result, the communal spaces are created using various spatial composition methods such as addition, subtraction, connection, extension, accumulation, and isolation. The communal space programs are integrated in plans and sections throughout the buildings. Visual openness and connection with surrounding urban environments are articulated by void spaces, transparent and translucent building materials, green spaces, and applications of graphical images. Communal identities and aesthetics are emphasized by unique building forms and space arrangements. The uses of finish materials, colors, objects, and images add strong characters to the communal spaces. For a further research, it is necessary to combine a design method study with residents' behaviors and community interactions.