• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.701-709
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• 2004

A cultural model can change as times go by within one ethnic group. For example, a strong familism has existed for a long time throughout a history of Korea, but it is, just like most social values, now in the midst of a rapid change. Accordingly, Koreans' belief about family values and responsibility for supporting their old parents are changing, too. Especially, supporting parents was one of the highly-estimated traditional values, but it seems to no longer exist. However, one's own rearing experience might be a moderator of association of his or her familism with the ebbing value. Therefore, we aim to address the following research question: What is the relations among college student's familism, their own rearing experiences, and their beliefs about supporting old parents. A total of 155 college students participated in this study. Data were analyzed by SPSS. T-test and ANOVA were used for data analysis. The findings are that college students' beliefs in supporting parents are significantly influenced by their familism and rearing experiences: Those with a strong familism and warm rearing experience have solid beliefs in supporting parents.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2003

From the perspectives of traditional Korean familism, the family was a life-giving and morality-building institution. The family was also a location where people of Chosun society developed an identity as humans. Due to these characteristics of the family in the traditional familism, that is, the family as the basis of life, morality, and identity, the family was a unit that transcends personal desires, thus the institution enjoyed a long-lasting stability. However, with industrialization, the transcendent values have been taken away from the family, and the modern Korean family has changed into a private unit of personal happiness and the interests of only the immediate members. Surely the traditional familism had values that are contradictory to the civil society, such as sexual discrimination and family egoism. In spite of the limits, the traditional familism contains some family values that can be utilized to improve today's family cultures in Korea. For example, the approach to the family as a unit for life, the emphasis on transcending personal interests for the sake of family stability and deep intimacy, and the importance of the family in human lifes could inspire today's Korean families.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.109-140
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• 2016

The primary objective of this study was to classify different family values and to examine how university students' perceptions of childbirth differ according to the types of family values. The sample for this study consisted of 601 university students living in the cities of Seoul, Incheon, and the Gyeonggi province. The data were collected using structured questionnaires distributed through an online survey. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation and cluster analysis, One-Way ANOVA and $X^2$ test are applied to analyze the data. The major results of this study are as follows: 1. The values of the university students regarding marriage, children, and familism were used as parameters to categorize the different types of family values on the cluster analysis. The results of the cluster analysis showed that the university students' family values could be classified into three types; "family-centered values", "individual-centered values", and "familism children-centered value". 2. The family values of the university students differed according to each student's gender, age, religion, socioeconomic status, gender-role attitude, and relationships with his or her father and or mother. 3. On average, the number of children that the students would like to have in the future is higher than the number of children that they actually plan to have. 4. The students' perceptions of family planning and low birthrate circumstances differed according to their family values. The university students categorized as having "family-centered values" planned to have the highest number of children in the future and thought that the low birthrate was a very serious issue, whereas the students with "individual-centered values" planned to have the lowest the number of children in the future. 5. To conclude the study, recommendations were made for the government to improve the low birthrate and for facilitate further research regarding this issue.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.229-256
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• 2002

This study is about the relationship between traditional familism and welfare consciousness in Korea. Traditional familism is known as the value that most Koreans share with, and the impeding value for welfare program development. Strong family solidarity and family-centered perception among Koreans influences other social values and ideology. Especially, care of the family members is understood as a family duty and responsibility. And this inhibits Koreans to develop welfare consciousness and further to develop welfare programs at the governmental level. Thus, this study purposes to explore the relationship between the two. The sample of 1,131 men and women was selected in Seoul area. As a result, traditional familism is found to be quite influential to welfare consciousness among Koreans. First, perception of welfare institution is strongly related with welfare consciousness. The respondents in high familism group showed low welfare consciousness. Second, state-friendly welfare responsibility was shown low in the group of high familism for the aged and youth. In the same context, for the disabled and the unemployed, state-friendly welfare responsibility was shown high in the group of low familism. Lastly, the relationship between familism and the welfare need was not apparent. Such results make possible to conclude that traditional familism among Korean is still influential to welfare consciousness and welfare ideology. However, although this conclusion should not be used for an excuse to avoid state responsibility but used as a tool to develop a welfare model to strengthen family function as one solid family.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.394-399
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• 2019

This study examines the familism values of the young generation. This study was conducted on 436 university students living in Daejeon and Chungcheong area. The results of the study are as follows. First, as the socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects, by gender, There were more female students (56.0%) than male students (44.0%). 34.4% of the respondents were under age 20, followed by 21 ~ 22 years old (30.7%) and 23 ~ 24 years old by 17.0%. As for the grade, 61.9% of the first and second graders were more than the third and fourth graders. In the case of religion, 42.7% of the respondents said that they had no religion, followed by Buddhism (29.1%) and Christianity (19.5%). 69.7% of the respondents said that they had two siblings. Second, when looking at the level of familism values perceived by the survey subjects, the Filial piety (4.35) was the highest, followed by Equality Consciousness of husband-wife (3.51) and Sense of Community in Blood Relationship (2.87), Family-First Consciousness (2.64), and succession of Patrilineal Family (2.41). Third, the overall Familism Values according to socio-demographic variables showed a significant difference between the age groups (F = 11.08, P <.001) and the grade (F = 4.70, P <.01).

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.159-173
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• 2013

We examined the associations between Latino cultural variables and four sexual behaviors among female adolescents of Mexican origin. Participants ages 14 to 19 (N = 153; 70% born in the U.S) completed surveys about four sexual behaviors (making out, receiving and performing oral sex, and vaginal sex) and cultural variables (nativity, language use, familism, and importance of female virginity). Findings indicated that participants who were born in the U.S. were less likely to have engaged in making out and vaginal sex than participants born in Mexico. Participants reporting stronger familism were less likely to have engaged in making out and oral sex than participants reporting less familism. For all behaviors, placing a greater value on female virginity was associated with lesser odds of engaging in that behavior. This study expands our understanding of the role of nativity and Latino values in the sexual behaviors of Mexican-origin female adolescents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.595-611
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• 2017

This study aims to verify the effect that familism recognized by college students has on anxiety over aging and elderly group's attitude as well as mediation effect of a sense of filial duty. For study analysis, 200 college students studying at colleges in Sungnam, Anyang and Incheon in Gyeonggido as well as in Seoul were surveyed using structured questionnaires from May 2, 2016 to June 28, 2016. All of 166 responses except for 34 incomplete ones were used for analysis. Firstly, analysis result confirmed correlation among familism, anxiety over aging, elderly group's attitude and variables in sense of filial duty. Multicollinearity between variables were confirmed using VIF values. Secondly, the effect that familism recognized by college students has on anxiety over aging and elderly group's attitude was confirmed. Thirdly, partial mediation effect of a sense of filial duty was confirmed in the effect that familism recognized by college students has on anxiety over aging. In addition, Sobel Test suggested by Sobel was conducted to verify significance of the mediation effect. This study suggests intervention in and practice of social welfare to promote familism and a sense of filial duty between college students and elderly generation in this era of nuclear family and aging society as well as reduction of anxiety over aging on the part of college students, based on the verified mediation effect of a sense of filial duty in the effect that familism recognized by college students in aging society has on anxiety over aging.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.86-107
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• 2007

This research investigated the Korean students' traditional value of children in family, by asking the degree of agreement on the proverbs concerning the notion of preferring a son, negative value on a daughter, and hardness of child-rearing. The findings indicated that in general the Korean students were disagreed on the traditional value of children in family, while many of them still agreed on hardness of child-rearing. We expected that female students were likely to express the stronger disagreement on preferring a son and negative value on a daughter, but there was no difference in preferring a son. Also we expected that the students who had lived with their grandparents would more likely to have the traditional values, but they expressed the stronger disagreement on preferring a son than others. Second, in general the Korean students disagreed on familism. The female students and the students who had lived with their grandparents were likely to express the stronger disagreement on familism. Third, there was positive correlation between familism and preferring a son, and between familism and negative value on a daughter. Fourth, the students who believed that there was no absolute necessity for the child in a family expressed the stronger disagreement on preferring a son, and scored lower degree on familism. There was negative correlation between the ideal number of children in a family and the notion of hardness of child-rearing, but positive correlation between the ideal number of children and familism. And as much as they answered the longer child-rearing period, scored positive value on a daughter.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.259-277
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• 2008

Traditional familism and family value is known as the value that most Koreans share with. Strong family solidarity and family-centered perception among Koreans influences other social values and ideology. Under the family value, caring for family members is family responsibility instead of government responsibility. Previous studies argued that the family value played a role to impede the development of family policy in Korea. The aim of this study was to explore a relation between the family value and the needs for care-support family policy. This study investigated how the family value were related to the specific needs for care-support family policy. The data were drawn from the Seoul Families Survey conducted on 2006 by Seoul Women and Family Foundation. The survey data consisted of 2,500 married males and females living in Seoul. The statistical techniques used for analysis were frequencies, means, t-test, ANOVA, crosstabs, multiple regression models, and multinomial logit models. The major findings of this study were as followings. First, while the traditional familism appeared to be held at a certain level, the general attitudes towards cohabitation, divorce, and single-parent family seemed to be less traditional. Second, the familism was found to be partly associated with the needs for the care-support family policy. The respondents who had less traditional value on arriage and child-rearing showed the higher level of needs for daycare center. This finding implied that nontraditional attitudes were related to the needs for an alternative care service such as caring through facilities rather than to the needs for supportive or complementary services. Lastly, the respondents who had higher level of traditional familism showed a higher preference for direct economic service (supportive service) than for other types of service in child care. And the less traditional their attitudes towards marriage and child-rearing, the more likely they are to prefer flexible child care services and programs to other types of child care services. These results implied that the family value was partly influential to family policy. However, it is worthy to note that the family value was related to family policy preference rather than to family policy needs. In other words, traditional family value appeared to influence the types of family policy rather than the level of needs for family policy.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.105-122
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• 1998

This research investigated the relationships between families' environment, familism, and the agreement on the parent-child relations as depicted in Korean proverbs to find the change of the traditional values about parent-child relationships. The sample was comprised of 474 Korean married people. They were asked to rate the degree to which they agreed on the underlying value of each proverb. The data were collected through a mailed questionnaire and interview. The findings indicated that the responses of subjects varied as a function of families' environment and familism variables. More specifically, while the subjects living with extended family were more likely to rate the value toward children and daughter high, the subjects from nuclear family were more likely to express the affection toward children, to prefer boys, and to express child-rearing stress. In addition, the people who had lived with grandparents together tended to agree with the value of filial piety. The respondents from conservative surroundings were more likely to express the affection toward children and to prefer boys. The subjects from a rural community tended to prefer boys and to place high value on the authoritative control. The people who supported familism tended to express the affection toward children and child-rearing stress, to prefer boys, and to agree with the filial piety and authoritative control. But they tended to rate low on the value of children and daughter.