• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.27-35
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• 2021

This study investigated the change in stiffness and deflection of a scaffold working plate caused by damage to a cross-beam in the plate. Experiments were conducted considering various load and damage conditions of cross-beams. A cross-beam falling off from the working plate was considered damaged. The load-displacement curves of specimens at the center of the uniform load showed that the working plate stiffness decreased by 14.66%-1.89%, depending on the load interval due to the damage of one cross-beam. A reduction in the stiffness of 33.94%-40.76% resulted from the damage of two cross-beams. Moreover, the displacement increased by an average of 25% when one cross-beam was damaged and an average of 65% when two cross-beams were damaged. Therefore, damage to the cross-beam in the working plate can potentially cause accidents and harm workers. As the load increases, the risk of an accident due to the aforementioned damage also increases because the stiffness remarkably decreases with the load increase. Further, the damage to the cross-beam mainly reduces the stiffness but increases the displacement rather than the strength of the working scaffold plate.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1293-1300
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• 2022

In this paper, research was conducted to prevent various safety accidents that may occur from infant vehicles carrying children and to use infant vehicles easier. In order to prevent the infant vehicle from driving without protection, a brake function is mounted on the infant vehicle wheels using a pressure sensor and a sub motor, and a pressure sensor and an LCD are used to determine whether a seat belt is fastened to prevent the infant from falling from the infant vehicle. In addition, it is designed to turn on the warning light when exceeding a certain temperature and humidity using LCD and LED so that infants can be in a pleasant environment when using a baby vehicle.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.94-102
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• 2022

Construction workers are engaged in many activities that may expose them to serious hazards, such as falling, unguarded machinery, or being struck by heavy construction equipment. Despite extensive research in building information modeling (BIM) for safety management, current approaches, detecting safety issues after design completion, may limit the opportunities to prevent predictable and potential accidents when decisions of building materials and systems are made. In this respect, this research proposes a proactive approach to detecting safety issues from the early design phase. This research aims to explore accident precursors and integrate them into BIM for tracking safety hazards during the design development process. Accident precursors can be identified from construction incident reports published by OSHA using a text mining technique. Through BIM-integrated accident precursors, construction safety hazards can be identified during the design phase. The results will contribute to supporting a successful transition from the design stage to the construction stage that considers a safe construction workplace. This will advance the body of knowledge about construction safety management by elucidating a hypothesis that safety hazards can be detected during the design phase involving decisions about materials, building elements, and equipment. In addition, the proactive approach will help the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry eliminate occupational safety hazards before near-miss situations appear on construction sites.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.190-194
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• 2023

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to brain damage caused by external forces or trauma. TBIs can vary in severity and result from accidents, falls, sports injuries, assaults, or other forms of physical trauma. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is known have roles in various cognitive functions. We report on a patient with traumatic brain injury who showed prefrontal symptoms after injury of thalamocortical connections between mediodorsal nuclei (MD) of thalamus and PFC. Methods: A 54-year-old, male patient suffered a TBI as a result of a heavy object falling on his head. After onset of TBI, he showed typical symptoms of prefrontal lobe injury, including personality changes, memory impairment, and general cognition problem. The thalamocortical connections between MD and PFC (ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and obrbitofrontal cortex (OFC)) were reconstructed using diffusion tensor tractography. In terms of fractional anisotropy value, the right thalamocortical connections to the OFC were significantly lower than those of control subjects. Results: The value of mean diffusivity in the right thalamocortical connections to the DLPFC was significantly higher than that of control subjects. By contrast, both VLPFC and left OFC showed significant decrement in the tract volume of thalamocortical connections compared with that of control subjects. Conclusion: We reported on a patient who showed cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairment due to global injury of the thalamocoritcal connections between MD and PFC following TBI.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurence properties of the complications in spinal cord injured patients. Clinical observation were for 116 cases in and out wards, were carried out during one year from july, 1990 to June, 1991 at 4 general hospitals in Taegu, Korea. The results of this study is summarized as follows : 1. Among the 116 cases, $67.7\%$ was male and $35.3\%$ was female. The largest groups were noted in $60.7\%$, of the forties by age, in $34.5\%$ of the middle school by educational career, in $27.6\%$ of the administer by professional division. 2. The number of complications in a patient in the largest group was two-type. The next groups were three-type, $23.3\%$ and five-type, $20.7\%$. Of each factors, the largest numbers of two-type recorded tuberculosis of spine$(71.4\%)$, thoracic cord injury$(63.4\%)$, incomplete paraplegia$(48.4\%)$, and inwards during 1-2 months $(47.4\%)$. 3. Total number of the complications were counted to 367 cases. The largest group of complications was pain, $24.8\%$. The next groups were pressure sores, $19.9\%$. spasticity, $12.5\%$, and urinary tract infection, $9.3\%$. 4. The number of the 4 major complications(pain, pressure sores, joint contracture, spasticity) was counted to 280 cases. The largest group of the major complications was pain, $32.5\%$. The next groups were pressure sores, $26.1\%$, joint contracture, $25.9\%$ and spasticity, $16.4\%$. Of each factors, the largest numbers of the pain recorded female$(40.5\%)$, thirties$(49.2\%)$, non-educate $(53.8\%)$, labor$(38.2\%)$, traffic accidents$(32.8\%)$, thoracic cord injury$(34.4\%)$, complete paraplegia$(58.1\%)$, and inwards during above 13 months$(37.5\%)$. 5. The largest group of the pain portion was shoulder. $49.4\%$. The non groups were lower extremity, $25.2\%$, hip, $11.0\%$, and all bodies, $4.3\%$. The largest numbers of the shoulder pain recorded thirties$(59.4\%)$, traffic accidents $(52.7\%)$, cervical cord injury$(67.2\%)$. complete quadriplegia$(81.8\%)$, and inwards during above 13 months$(100.0\%)$. 6. The largest group of the pressure sores sites was sacral portion, $83.6\%$. The next groups were hip, $6.8\%$, maleollus, $4.1\%$. The largest numbers of pressure sores formation in the sacral portion recorded below 19 and above $60(100.0\%)$, falling objects$(100.0\%)$, lumbar cord injury$(100.0\%)$, incomplete paraplegia$(100.0\%)$, and in wards during 3-4 months$(95.9\%)$. 7. The largest group of the joint contracture portion was lower extremity, $61.4\%$, follows was upper extremity, $38.6\%$. The largest numbers of the joint contrcture portions recorded thirties$(100.0\%)$, traffic accidents$(86.1\%)$, cervical cord injury$(80.4\%)$, complete quadriplegia$(86.7\%)$, and inwards during 3-4 months $(82.2\%)$ 8. The largest group of spasticity portion was lower extremity, $53.0\%$. The next groups were hip. 23.9, 23.9, ankle, $8.7\%$, and elbow, $4.3\%$. The largest numbers of the spasticity portions recorded above $60(100.0\%)$, falling $(100.0\%)$, cervical cord injury$(71.4\%)$, incomplete quadriplegia$(71.4\%)$, and inwards during 1-2 months $(100.0\%)$.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.520-529
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• 2019

This study is intended to provide basic data for health management of firefighters in the future by empirically looking into health hazard factors of firefighters in Busan City. It was revealed that firstly, the danger of harmful chemicals in a fire was perceived the most by firefighters, who extinguish a fire in person on the scene of a fire, and it was followed by the danger of falling while putting out a fire. This study is intended to provide basic data for health management of firefighters in the future by empirically looking into health hazard factors of firefighters in Busan City. It was revealed that firstly, the danger of harmful chemicals in a fire was perceived the most by firefighters, who extinguish a fire in person on the scene of a fire, and it was followed by the danger of falling while putting out a fire. Moreover, the danger of shift work was perceived the most by paramedics. This corresponds to the existing studies arguing that shift work is harmful to health. Next, the overload of patient transport was recognized as the second biggest hazard factor. This demonstrates they are worried about various second accidents that may happen due to a lot of patient transport works. In addition, the possibility of causing a traffic accident was perceived as a hazard factor too, since they must drive ambulance cars quickly to transport patients. Lastly, rescue workers regarded these hazard factors to be most dangerous. This is associated with their occupational characteristics, because rescue workers are the closest to diverse risks including a fire.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

There are many mountains in Korean Peninsula, and those used for the construction of roads and railways sectors are forming slopes. Slope collapse occurs with falling rocks and landslide because of the relaxation of the thawing rocks. The heavy rain in summer can also significantly contribute to the process, and abnormal climate change is much more influential than before. Therefore, rockfall-related accidents in rainy season are easily accessible in media every year. There has been a lot of research on application of strengthening compensation of the sections in order to minimize casualties and property damage. Rockfall Protection Net, however, has not been focused on much in the field yet. This study highlights the need of Rockfall Protection Net, since it can segregate the falling rocks inside the net relatively safely. Although there has been a little doubt about the effectiveness of rockfall protection facilities, it is obvious that relevant studies dealing with the solidity of the net are necessary for the rockfall protection net to be capable of supporting rockfall energies. As a result, Expanded metal strength is much more durable compared to the PVC coating net, and it is regarded as an excellent alternative material for the Rockfall Protection Net. In this study, the applicability of Expanded Metal as the alternative of Rockfall Protection Net is verified experimentally.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.17
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• pp.143-155
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• 2008

Purpose of this study is to analyze actual perception of security business of security workers centering on employees working within building and to improve accomplishment of works for security workers. For this, first, activities of security workers are discussed. Second, perception of employees of companies for the necessity of security workers, non-necessity of security workers, qualification requirements of security workers for improving business recognition were established as a framework of the study. Changes for recognition of security works in modern life are a little falling behind compared to unstopping economic development and diversifying job classifications. Even at present, expression of security works is still regarded as manager of facilities or apartments in the past. In other words, it is recognized as a simple change of title and names from apartment guard to security workers. Security works in the modern job classification is settling down as a professional field of facility management and as a part of various controls such as protection and security and its field is also expanding. It is a professional job with the purpose to analyze and prevent diverse criminal actions occurring in the society and also to introduce alternative measures with the role to prevent accidents to be occurred in variety in advance instead of simple working format taking a fixed guard post. Area of security works for the purpose of maximizing necessity of security works shall have equipped with deployment of professional security workers, consideration of business satisfaction of security workers, prevention education for rapidly changing safety accidents, and substantiality in the field. We expect to have more sophisticated area of security works with ceaseless efforts and with instillation of recognition of professionalism by security workers themselves.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2007

Purpose: Recently, trauma is more frequent due to the increases in the population, the number of traffic accident, and the incidence of violence. Especially, abdominal trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. We analyzed the clinical features and the factors associated with morbidity and mortality. Methods: We analyzed 136 patients of abdominal trauma who were admitted at the Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, from January 2003 to June 2005. We analyzed the cause of trauma, the injured organ, combined injuries, mental status, blood pressure, laboratory findings, morbidity, and mortality. The relationships between by variable were assesed by using the independent samples test and the Kruskal?Wallis test. Results: The causes of trauma were traffic accidents (98 cases, 72%), falling accidents (9 cases, 6.6%), violence (6 cases, 4.4%), and stab injuries (6 cases, 4.4%). The injured organs were the small intestines (47 cases, 34.6%), the liver (35 cases, 25.7%), the spleen (26 cases, 19.1%), the mesentery (17 cases, 12.5%), the large intestines (15 cases, 11.0%), the pancreas (14 cases, 10.3%), etc. The most common combined injury was chest injury (53 cases, 39%). Comatose or semicomatose mental status and shock on admission (<60 mmHg in systolic) were related to high mortality (85.7%). In laboratory findings, decreased hemoglobin (<8 g/dL), and platelet count (<$50,000/mm^3$), and increased creatinine level (>1.6 mg/dL) were significant prognostic factors. The incidence of postoperative complications was 40.4%, and frequent complications were wound infection (8.1%) and re-bleeding (8.1%). The overall mortality rate was 18.4%, and most common cause was hypovolemic shock (18 cases, 13.2%), however, there was no statistical difference according to injurd organ. Conclusion: In the multivariate analysis, mental status, hemoglobin, and serum creatinine level were the most significant prognostic factors. When an abdominal trauma patient arrives at the emergency room, a rapid and accurate evaluation of the patient's status and risk factors, and resuscitation, if necessary, have to be performed to lower the morbidity and mortality.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.417-425
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• 2018

This paper proposes a safety management method that extracts ETA (event tree analysis) based scenario and combines ICT technology to reduce serious disasters occurring workplace for shipbuilding and offshore plant. The statistics of Safety and Health Agency and (previous)Ministry of Public Safety and Security show that the most frequent accident among the serious disasters related to shipbuilding and offshore plant is falling. The main cause of accidents is absence of a safety belt and safety belt ring. To solve these problems, we create ETA based scenarios to derive results based on safety considerations. Based on these results, we propose a solution by applying ICT technology for accident prevention. Deriving ETA based scenarios and ICT technology, the proposed solutions include a system for detecting the wearing of safety belts and safety helmets, a system for detecting whether or not the safety belts are connected, and a hook system for measuring safety distances. These safety related systems can reduce the probability of death of workers. By preventing accidents using the proposed method, we can reduce serious disasters in shipbuilding and offshore plant and establish systematic safety management.