• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.88-95
• /
• 2006

목적: 삼차신경통 환자에서 사이버나이프 방사선수술이 효과적이며 안전한 치료방법인지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 3월부터 2005년 5월까지 수술 후 실패하였거나 수술이 부적합한 삼차신경통 환자 26명을 대상으로 사이버나이프 방사선수술을 시행하여 후향적 분석을 하였다. 치료 표적은 삼차신경근 진입구역으로부터 3 mm 떨어진 지점의 삼차신경 최고 근위부를 제외한 6 mm 길이의 삼차신경 부위를 설정하고, 그 부위에 80% 등선량 곡선에 단일 조사로 총방사선량은 $60{\sim}64Gy$를 조사하였다(중앙선량: 64 Gy). 결과: 추적관찰기간은 $3{\sim}15$개월이었다(중앙추적관찰기간 : 9개월). 대상환자 26명에서 사이버나이프 방사선수술 후 24시간 이내에 50% (13/26)에서 통증 완화를 관찰하였으며. 7일 이내에 조기 통증 완화를 보였던 환자는 96.2% (25/26)이었다. 치료 실패는 7.7% (2/26)에서 나타났으며 통증 개선 실패와 통증 재발이 각각 1명에서 관찰되었다. 치료 부작용으로 안면감각 감퇴가 11.5% (3/26)에서 관찰되었다. 결론: 삼차신경통 환자를 대상으로 사이버나이프 방사선수술을 시행한 예비 결과로 비교적 안전하며, 효과적인 치료임을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.241-249
• /
• 1977

Atrial septal defect is one of the most frequently encountered congenital heart disease. Up to December 31, 1976, 1682 cardiac patients received cardiac catheterization in the cardiac department of Yonsei university medical college. Out of the 1682 cardiac patients 723 cases had congenital heart disease and only 116 cases had congetial atrial septal defect. This amounted to 16.04% of all those with congenital heart disease. 58 cases of congenital atrial septal defect operated in the chest surgery department were presented. Of these 58 cases of atrial septal defect, 27 cases were male and 31 cases were female. Their ages ranged from 5 years to 54 years. The systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery of 40 out of the 58 cases of atrial septal defect was below 40% of that of the systemic blood pressure: in 6 cases, the range of the systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery was 50-90mmHg; in 12 cases, the range of the systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery was 40-50mmHg. Average age of these was 30. 1 years. This study tends to show that Korean patients with atrial septal defect even though younger have a slight higher systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery than Western patients have. The pulmonary blood is 1.5-2.5 times of systemic blood flow in 52 cases out of 58 cases of atrial septal defect.In only one of the 58 cases of atrial septal defect, the Rp was found to be as high as 45% of Rs. All other cases were below this level.51 cases had ostium secundum defect, 4 out of these cases had ostium secundum defect combined with mitral incompetence and 6 out of them had double ostium secundum defect. The remaining 7 cases had ostium primum defect. Their atrial defects were repaired under direct vision utilizing extracorporeal circulation, by hemodilution technic combined with moderate hypothermia. 44 cases [2nd atrial septal defect] were repaired by direct sutures while 14 cases, including the 7 cases ostium primum defects needed patches [1 pericardium and 13 teflon patch]. In 4 cases there were single defects while showed two defects. However the associated septal defect was so small that it could be closed by direct sutures. The size of the defect ranged between 6.0cm2and 10.0cm2 in 19 cases[33.7%]: the smallest being 0. 5cm2 and the largest 24cm2. The surgical mortality was 2 cases [3.4%]. These one case with ostium primum defect, could not be resuscitated on operation table. The cause of death in this case was myocardial failure and MI. The other, a case of ostium primum defect had a second operation on the first operative day due to massive bleeding from LV vent-line insertion site.The patient died on 26th post-operative day due to sepsis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.230-240
• /
• 1977

Atrial septal defect is one of the most frequently encountered congenital heart disease. Up to December 31, 1976, 1682 cardiac patients received cardiac catheterization in the cardiac department of Yonsei university medical college. Out of the 1682 cardiac patients 723 cases had congenital heart disease and only 116 cases had congetial atrial septal defect. This amounted to 16.04% of all those with congenital heart disease. 58 cases of congenital atrial septal defect operated in the chest surgery department were presented. Of these 58 cases of atrial septal defect, 27 cases were male and 31 cases were female. Their ages ranged from 5 years to 54 years. The systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery of 40 out of the 58 cases of atrial septal defect was below 40% of that of the systemic blood pressure: in 6 cases, the range of the systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery was 50-90mmHg; in 12 cases, the range of the systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery was 40-50mmHg. Average age of these was 30. 1 years. This study tends to show that Korean patients with atrial septal defect even though younger have a slight higher systolic pressure of the main pulmonary artery than Western patients have. The pulmonary blood is 1.5-2.5 times of systemic blood flow in 52 cases out of 58 cases of atrial septal defect.In only one of the 58 cases of atrial septal defect, the Rp was found to be as high as 45% of Rs. All other cases were below this level.51 cases had ostium secundum defect, 4 out of these cases had ostium secundum defect combined with mitral incompetence and 6 out of them had double ostium secundum defect. The remaining 7 cases had ostium primum defect. Their atrial defects were repaired under direct vision utilizing extracorporeal circulation, by hemodilution technic combined with moderate hypothermia. 44 cases [2nd atrial septal defect] were repaired by direct sutures while 14 cases, including the 7 cases ostium primum defects needed patches [1 pericardium and 13 teflon patch]. In 4 cases there were single defects while showed two defects. However the associated septal defect was so small that it could be closed by direct sutures. The size of the defect ranged between 6.0cm2and 10.0cm2 in 19 cases[33.7%]: the smallest being 0. 5cm2 and the largest 24cm2. The surgical mortality was 2 cases [3.4%]. These one case with ostium primum defect, could not be resuscitated on operation table. The cause of death in this case was myocardial failure and MI. The other, a case of ostium primum defect had a second operation on the first operative day due to massive bleeding from LV vent-line insertion site.The patient died on 26th post-operative day due to sepsis.

• 대한관절경학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.180-185
• /
• 2005

목적: 본 논문의 목적은 Rapid Loc 기기를 이용한 관절경적 연골판 봉합술의 임상적, 방사선학적 결과를 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 44례를 대상으로 후향적으로 결과를 분석하였다. 퇴행성 병변이 동반되지 않은 단순 종파열로 진단되어 관절내시경하에서 Rapid Loc 기기를 이용하여 연골판을 봉합한후 평균 6개월이상의 추시가 가능하였던 환자 군을 대상으로 하였다. Orthopaedische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Knie (OAK) 평가 지표와 자기 공명 영상 촬영을 이용하여 임상적 방사선학적 결과를 평가하였다. 관절연 압통, 관절내 부종, McMurray 검사에서 양성인 경우는 임상적 실패로 간주하였다. 결과: 평균 연령은 33.4세 평균 추시기간은 15개월이었다. 임상결과는 우수 15례(34.1%), 좋음 20례 (45.5%), 양호 7례(15.9%), 불량 2례(4.5%) 였다. MRI상 Reicher 분류를 이용한 방사선학적 평가에서 grade 1 15례(33.3%), grade II 21례(50%), grade III 7례(16.7%)였으며, 임상적 실패는 8례(18%)였다. 술후 합병증은 1례에서 발생되었다. 결론: Rapid Loc 기기는 연골판 봉합술에 있어서 매우 우수한 결과를 보였으며, 삽입물이 유연하여 연골 손상이 적고, 사용이 간편하고 파열 부위의 압박 정도를 조절 할 수 있는 등 많은 장점이 있는 기법이라 사료된다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.103-115
• /
• 1998

As the studies that smoking can be a major cause to various diseases have been made, many following researches on the outcome of stop-smoking education were in progress. Even though researches based on the knowledge about smoking and status about the teenagers were prevalent, the research based on the outcomes in long time basis were not in progress. Therefore, I tracked the people who went through 5-Day Stop-Smoking School that has taught through complexed structure of behavioral, intellectual, and psychological education. I made researches on the average of success and the hardest point during their efforts to stop just to show the necessity of going through re-education. The objectives of this study were the ones who have completed the education on the years 1990, 1991. 47 were selected from 364 people that completed the training, and who were able to be contacted on the phone line. This study was conducted from 27 Oct. to 7 Nov. 1997 through verbal interviews based on the questionnaire. The questionnaire used here was made by myself, assisted by my professor. Analysis was made through unstructured open questions. The data was analyzed using SPSS program. The major results were as follows ; 1) General characteristics of the objectives are $97.0\%$ were male, $17\%$ ages below 40s, $34\%$ in the age group of 40s, and $48.9\%$ over 50s. Religiously christian 340/0, buddhist $19.1\%$, no religion or any other reason $46.8\%$. Status married $93.6\%$, unmarried $6.4\%$. There is someone smoking in the family $36.2\%$, no one smokes $63.8\%$. Reputation salary men $55.3\%$, personal business $27.7\%$. 2) The average of success is $42.6\%(20/47)$, the failure is $57.4\%$. 3) The results from the study 'When was the hardest point in the process of stop smoking' : For the successors the first week $33.3\%$, after the first week $66.7\%$. For the failures the first week $55\%$, after first week $45\%$(Statistics not precisely done), the most effective element that helped through the hardest point was the family $40\%$, personal determination $30\%$. 4) The necessity of re-education : Successors needed $55\%$, not needed $45\%$. Failures needed $48.1\%$, not needed $51.9\%$(Statistics not precisely done). The perfect time for reeducation : Successors in 6 months $50\%$, irregular time basis $50\%$. Failures in six months $36.4\%$, after six months $27.3\%$, irregular time basis $36.4\%$(Statistics not precisely done). Synthesizing the result of the study can't generalize the long-term effect of the stop-smoking due to the number of the objectives,. but recognize the fact that 47.6 have experienced success, and also the self-determination and the support from the family are desirable. Seeing the fact that both are great motivation to stop smoking. Since the first week is necessary. The necessity of re-education is rather high, so this education should be planned to be done repeatedly in a long term along with close observation, instead of short education.

• 시큐리티연구
• /
• 제25호
• /
• pp.63-87
• /
• 2010

오늘날 우리사회는 고도의 경제성장으로 국민들의 소득이 높아지고, 그로 인한 생명, 재산에 대한 범죄 침해가 기하급수적으로 증가하고 있다. 이러한 범죄의 증가에 따라서 경찰조직도 발전해야하나 급증하는 범죄발생 속도에 대응하지 못한바, 국민들의 안전에 대한 상당 부분의 책임이 민간 경비 산업으로 이양되었다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 따라 기존에는 금융기관만을 주로 상대하던 호송경비업의 확장과 발전에 대한 목소리 가 더욱 높아지고 있으며, 직접적으로 범죄와 대립하게 되는 호송경비원의 권한에 대하여 제도적 재정비가 필요한 실정이며, 수도권에 대부분 몰려있는 호송경비업체의 분산이 요구되는 바이다. 또한 국민들이 보다 안전하게 호송경비업을 이용할 수 있도록 경비지도사 제도가 더욱 견고해지고 세분화될 필요가 있으며, 그에 따라 재정비된 제도에 따라 경비지도사 자격 제도가 운용될 때 비로소 효율적인 경비업무가 수행될 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 학계에서 이미 논의가 다수 이루어지고 있는 청원경찰법과 경비업법의 이분화 양상에 대해서도 통일화되는 방향의 대안을 통해 더욱 세계화 개방에 적합한 호송경비업 시장을 이룩할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 여기서는 민간경비에 대한 개념부터 시작하여 호송경비업의 개념과 현황을 분석하여 경비지도사 제도의 실태와 발달상황을 통해 보다 전문적이고 효율적인 호송경비업의 향상방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.569-576
• /
• 2007

Ventricular Assist Device(VAD) has switched its goal from a short-tenn use for bridge-to-transplantation to a long-tenn use for destination therapy, With this goal, the importance of long-tenn reliability gets more interests and importances, H-VAD is an portable extracorporeal biventricular assist device, and adopts an electro-pneumatic driving mechanism. The pneumatic pressure to pump out blood is generated with compression of bellows, and is transmitted in a closed pneumatic circuit through a pneumatic line. The existing pneumatic VAD adopts a air compressor which can generate stable pressures but has defects such as a noise and a size problem. Thus, it is not suitable for being used as a portable device, These problems are covered with adopting a closed pneumatic circuit mechanism with a bellows which has a small size and small noise generation, but it has defects that improper pneumatic setting causes a failure of adequate flow generation. In this study, the pneumatic pressure regulation system is developed to cover these defects of a bellows-type pneumatic VAD. The optimal pneumatic pressure conditions according to various afterload conditions for an optimal flow rate were investigated and the afterload estimation algorithm was developed, The final pneumatic regulation system estimates a current afterload and regulate the pneumatic pressure to the optimal point at a given afterload condition. The afterload estimation algorithm showed a sufficient performance that the standard deviation of error is 8.8 mmHg, The pneumatic pressure regulation system showed a sufficient performance that the flow rate was stably governed to various afterload conditions. In a further study, if a additional sensor such as ultrasonic sensor is developed to monitor the direct movement of diaphragm in a blood pump part, the reliability would be greatly increased. Moreover, if the afterload estimation algorithm gets more accuracy, it would be also helpful to monitor the hemodynamic condition of patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2017

최근 안전에 대한 관심이 크게 높아지고 있으며, 도로 교통 분야에서도 안전의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이에 따라 도로 교통 분야의 안전성 제고를 위하여 도로 시설물의 객관적인 안정성 평가가 필요하며, 자연재해 대비를 목적으로 도로 시설물의 피해 저감이 가능한 기술 적용이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 계측 유형별 풍속 데이터와 이를 적용한 도로표지의 구조 안전성을 비교 분석하여 기상 계측 유형의 시설물 안전성 평가에 대한 영향을 분석하였다. 더불어 도로표지의 안정성 확보 방안을 도출하였으며, 도출한 안정성 확보 방안 중 풍하중 저감 기술에 대한 효과를 분석하였다. 계측 유형별 풍속 데이터 분석 결과, 기상관측차량시스템의 풍속 데이터는 기상청과 도로기상정보시스템의 풍속 데이터에 비하여 약 2.43배로 크게 나타났다. 또한 기상관측차량시스템의 풍속 데이터를 적용한 도로표지의 안정성 검토를 통하여 돌풍으로 인한 도로표지의 파괴 및 전도의 가능성이 있는 것으로 분석되며, 안정성 확보 방안 마련이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 도로 선형 단위의 기상 데이터를 활용하여 도로 시설물의 객관적인 안정성 분석과 모니터링이 가능할 것으로 판단되며, 풍하중 저감 기술 적용을 통하여 도로 안전도의 제고가 기대된다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제37B권9호
• /
• pp.778-786
• /
• 2012

무선 센서네트워크에서 사용하는 센서는 PIR, 이미지, 전자파 센서와 같은 지향성 센서와 진동, 음향, 자기센서와 같은 비지향성 센서로 구분할 수 있다. 지향성 센서의 성능을 보장하기 위해서는 센서의 설치위치는 가시선이 보장되는 곳에 설치가 되어야 하므로 노드 설치 위치는 지표면보다 높은 곳에 설치가 된다. 비지향성 센서 중 진동센서의 경우 센서 특성상 지표면에 설치가 되어야 한다. 이로 인해 지표면에 설치되는 비지향성 센서는 통신 장애로 인하여 네트워크 연결성 문제가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 센서 고유특성을 살려서 커버리지를 최대화하고, 센서노드의 설치높이를 고려한 토폴로지 구성을 통해 네트워크 연결성을 최대화할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 비지향성 센서는 지표면에 배치하고, 지향성 센서는 나무나 폴대와 같은 물체를 이용하여 지상에 설치하여 센서 커버리지를 최대화 한다. 그리고 설치높이가 낮은 센서노드는 설치높이가 높은 센서노드에 우선 연결하고, 설치높이가 높은 센서노드는 설치높이가 높은 센서노드와 연결하는 토폴로지를 구성하여 네트워크 연결성을 최대화하는 것이다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안방법을 검증하였으며, 커버리지와 네트워크 연결성에서 성능이 향상됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2016

Objectives : Liver is one of the largest organs in the human, and has a function of detoxification and energy sensing to prevent severe disease. Paeoniae radix has been used to treat a variety of liver diseases such as hepatitis and chronic hepatic failure. Although P. radix has been used as an medicinal herb for a long time, the effects of P. radix on severe oxidative stress and its action mechanism on the liver was not clearly verified.Methods : This study investigated the protective effects of P. radix extract (PRE), and the underlying mechanism of its action in the liver. tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and carbon tetrachlroride (CCl₄) were used to induce oxidative stress in the HepG2 hepatocyte cell line and Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively.Results : t-BHP significantly induced cell death and ROS production in HepG2 cell, as indicated by MTT and FACS analysis. However, pretreatment of PRE inhibited a decrease in cell viability and H₂O₂ production in the HepG2 cells. PRE also blocked the ability of t-BHP to damage in mitochondrial membrane transition. More importantly, PRE induced Nrf2 activation and antioxidant Phase II enzyme, which may have a role in the effects of PRE. In mice, PRE inhibited the liver damage induced by CCl₄.Conclusions : PRE inhibited oxidative stress and hepatic damages as mediated with Nrf2 activation. This study unveil, in part, the effect and mechanism of old medicinal herb, P. radix.