• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2014

In this research, we study the problem of opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) in a time-varying environment with fading channels, where the channel state is characterized by both channel quality and the occupancy of primary users (PUs). First, a finite-state Markov channel model is introduced to represent a fading channel. Second, by probing channel quality and exploring the activities of PUs jointly, a two-dimensional partially observable Markov decision process framework is proposed for OSA. In addition, a greedy strategy is designed, where a secondary user selects a channel that has the best-expected data transmission rate to maximize the instantaneous reward in the current slot. Compared with the optimal strategy that considers future reward, the greedy strategy brings low complexity and relatively ideal performance. Meanwhile, the spectrum sensing error that causes the collision between a PU and a secondary user (SU) is also discussed. Furthermore, we analyze the multiuser situation in which the proposed single-user strategy is adopted by every SU compared with the previous one. By observing the simulation results, the proposed strategy attains a larger throughput than the previous works under various parameter configurations.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.75-78
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• 2004

In this paper, we analyze the performance of transmitter and receiver of W-CDMA system using the channel coding and space time code in downlink over ITU-R realistic channel model. We can improve the data rate and the reliability of communications by a channel code, and we can get a diversity gain by using the space time code over fading channels. We also apply the RAKE receiver to improve a performance in multi-path fading channel environment.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2001

An adaptive channel estimation technique for OFDM-based DTV receivers is proposed using a new mobility estimator. Sample mean techniques for channel estimation have displayed good performance in slow fading channels, because averaging reduces noise In channel estimation operation. This paper suggests an algorithm which selects the optimal number of symbols within which the sample mean of consecutive pilot data can be obtained. The designed mobility estimator determines the optimal number by comparing mobility variance and estimated noise valiance. The algorithm using the mobility estimator obtains an optimal channel function under time-invariant or time-variant multipath fading channels, thereby making the best BER performance.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2017

In this research, we study the outage probability for distributed space-time coding-based cooperative (DSTC) systems with amplify-and-forward relaying over Rayleigh fading channels with a high temporal correlation where the direct link between the source and the destination is available. In particular, we derive the upper and lower bounds of the outage probability as well as their corresponding asymptotic expressions. In addition, using only the average channel powers for the source-to-relay and relay-to-destination links, we propose an efficient power allocation scheme between the source and the relay to minimize the asymptotic upper bound of the outage probability. Through a numerical investigation, we verify the analytical expressions as well as the effectiveness of the proposed efficient power allocation. The numerical results show that the lower and upper bounds tightly correspond to the exact outage probability, and the proposed efficient power allocation scheme provides an outage probability similar to that of the optimal power allocation scheme that minimizes the exact outage probability.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2007

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) combined with time division multiplexing (TDM), in this paper called OFDM/TDM, can overcome the high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) problem of the conventional OFDM and improve the robustness against long time delays. In this paper, the bit error rate (BER) performance of OFDM/FDM in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading. channel is evaluated by computer simulation. It is shown that the use of frequency-domain equalization based on minimum mean square error criterion (MMSE-FDE) can significantly improve the BER performance, compared to the conventional OFDM, by exploiting the channel frequency-selectivity while reducing the PAPR or improving the robustness against long time delays. It is also shown that the performance of OFDM/FDM designed to reduce the PAPR can bridge the conventional OFDM and single-carrier (SC) transmission by changing the design parameter.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2004

Since the publication of Alamouti's famous space-time block code, various quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes (QSTBC) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) fading channels for more than two transmit antennas have been proposed. It has been shown that these codes cannot achieve full diversity at full rate. In this paper, we present a simple feedback scheme for rich scattering (flat Rayleigh fading) MIMO channels that improves the coding gain and diversity of a QSTBC for 2$^n$ (n=3, 4, ${\cdots}$) transmit antennas. The relevant channel state information is sent back from the receiver to the transmitter quantized to one or two bits per code block. In this way, signal transmission with an improved coding gain and diversity near to the maximum diversity order is achieved. Such high diversity can be exploited with either a maximum-likelihood receiver or low-complexity zero-forcing receiver.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제27권B호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2007

The power line channel has time-variant characteristics caused by various kind of electrical devices. This characteristics are synchronized with the main voltage by their own characteristics. The main factors of disturbance are the variation of the channel impedance and noises. In other papers, the synchronous noise modeling has been achieved. But the modeling is not satisfied simultaneously with the time domain and the frequency domain and there are not any discussion about short-term variations of the channel impedance which cause to the signal fading. Therefore, this paper researched to solve problems about the signal fading by analyzing the short-term variation of the channel impedance, and proposed the synchronous noise modeling which is satisfied simultaneously in the time domain and the frequency domain.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a number of blind equalization approaches for time-varying andmulti-path channels. The approaches employ cost reference particle filter (CRPF) as the symbol estimator, and additionally employ either least mean squares algorithm, recursive least squares algorithm, or $H{\infty}$ filter (HF) as a channel estimator such that they are jointly employed for the strategy of "Rao-Blackwellization," or equally called "mixture filtering." The novel feature of the proposed approaches is that the blind equalization is performed based on direct channel estimation with unknown noise statistics of the received signals and channel state system while the channel is not directly estimated in the conventional method, and the noise information if known in similar Kalman mixture filtering approach. Simulation results show that the proposed approaches estimate the transmitted symbols and time-varying channel very effectively, and outperform the previously proposed approach which requires the noise information in its application.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.437-443
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 다중사용자 환경의 상향링크 가상적 MIMO-OFDM 시스템 기반 하에서 정보 이론적인 관점에서의 합 전송률을 최대화 할 수 있는 최적의 사용자 수에 대하여 분석하였다. 다중 안테나 기반의 기지국과 단일 안테나용 단말기를 기반으로 하고 있으며 주파수 비선택적 블록 페이딩 및 시변 페이딩 채널 하의 파일럿 기반의 채널 추정 방식을 가정하였다. 이론적 분석을 통하여 낮은 SNR 영역에서 다중화 이득과 파일럿 오버헤드 간의 트레이드오프가 있음을 증명하였고 동일한 파일럿 및 신호 전력이 주어질 때, 주파수 비선택적 블록 채널에서의 시스템 성능을 최대화 하는 최적의 사용자 수는 min ($N_r$,LT/2)으로 결정되는 반면, 페이딩 채널에서는 min($N_r$, ${\lfloor}{\sqrt{LT+1}}-1{\rfloor}$)으로 접근함을 보여 준다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1269-1274
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• 2010

MIMO-OFDM 기술은 시 공간만이 아니라 주파수 영역을 활용할 수 있기 때문에 기존의 시 공간 MIMO 시스템을 유연하게 확장하여 OFDM에 적용시킬 수 있다. 무선 이동 통신에서 발생되는 페이딩은 이동체의 속도, 전송 주파수, 수신 안테나 및 주위 자연 환경에 의해 발생한다. 또한, 무선 이동 통신 채널에 가장 심각하게 나타나는 현상인 다중 경로 페이딩은 각각 다른 지연 시간에 의해 주파수 선택적 페이딩이 발생하게 되며, 이때 ISI로 인해 무선 이동 통신 채널의 성능을 저하시키게 되며, 데이터 전송 속도에 제약을 준다. OFDM은 심벌 사이에 채널의 지연 확산보다 긴 보호 구간을 삽입하여 ISI를 제거할 수 있다. 그러나 대역폭 등의 문제로 일반적으로 보호 구간은 심벌 주기의 1/4 정도로 설정하며, 따라서 다중경로의 채널 지연이 보다 심각해질 경우, 보호 구간 만으로는 ISI을 모두 제거할 수 없다 이 경우 채널에서의 전송시간 지연에 의한 왜곡은 등화기를 사용하여 보상해 주어야 하며, 특히 데이터 전송 속도가 고속이 될수록 등화기의 사용이 절대적으로 필요하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 MIMO-OFDM 시스템에서 사전 등화를 이용한 BER 성능을 분석하였다.