• 의학교육논단
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2013

Most medical colleges in Korea have been shifting from traditional education to outcome-based education, which is the general trend in medical education. The purpose of this study was to make some suggestions in light of the reality and challenges of student assessment in medical education from the perspective of outcome- based education. First, those who are responsible for student assessment should be diversified to include faculty, residents, students, and evaluation committee members. They need separate roles in educational evaluation, so evaluation competencies are required for them. Second, various methods for evaluation and score interpretation can be used for effective evaluation. We can adopt diagnostic, formative, and summative evaluation functionally, and the norm-referenced, criterion-referenced, growth-referenced, and ability-referenced evaluation based on criteria for score interpretation. Finally, various evaluation domains and test forms can be administered together in the common lectures in the medical school. We can test not only knowledge but also skills and attitudes, with diverse test forms such as supply and performance types.

• 직업교육연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.23-49
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• 2011

교수업적평가제도는 불편하지만 피할 수 없는 제도로 정착되어 가고 있으며, 대학 경쟁력 향상에 있어서 가장 중요한 요인 중의 하나로 그 중요성이 점차 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 몇몇 4년제 대학과 전문대학을 선정하여 각각의 교수업적평가 모델을 교육, 산학협력, 연구, 봉사 평가 영역별로 조사 비교 분석하였다. 이를 통하여 현 전문대학 업적평가 모델의 특성을 파악하고, 4년제 대학 업적평가의 답습, 직무 특성별 업적 평가의 난맥상, 개개 항목별 가중치의 과도한 편차, 전공별 특성의 미흡한 반영 등의 문제점을 도출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 개별교수의 역량제고를 통한 대학 경쟁력 향상을 목표로 전문대학의 특성에 맞는 교수업적평가 모델을 제시하였다. 직업교육중심대학의 특성을 갖는 전문대학의 교수업적평가 모델에는 일반적으로 교육, 연구, 봉사 3가지로 구분되어있는 4년제 대학의 평가영역에 전문대학의 특성을 고려하여 산학협력영역을 추가하였고, 취업률, 재학생 유지율, 학생만족도 등과 같은 지표들의 반영을 위해 학부(과) 평가영역을 도입하였다. 또한 영역별 평가 항목을 선정하는 기본 방향으로 대학 및 교수 개인의 발전과 연계된 검증가능한 모든 교수 활동을 평가 대상으로 고려하여 영역을 구분한 후 항목화하여 평가지표로 활용하도록 하였다. 본 모델에서는 SCI급 논문 점수를 객관적인 비교를 위한 하나의 기준으로 제시하였다. 각 항목의 배점은 SCI급 논문 점수를 기본으로 항목의 중요성 및 교수가 기울이는 노력과 시간의 정도를 고려하여 조정하였다. 또한 세부 평가항목별 점수의 격차를 합리적으로 조정하여 평가 대상자들이 공감할 수 있는 보다 공정한 평가 체계를 제시하고자 하였다. 일반전임교원, 실습교원, 강의교원, 산학협력전담교원 등의 다양한 직무특성을 갖는 전문대학 교수들의 업적평가를 하나로 통합하여 평가할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였으며, 4년제의 단과대와 달리 소규모 전공으로 운영되는 전문대학의 다양한 전공 특성을 고려한 업적평가 개선 방안을 제안하였다. 팀평가 요소인 학부(과) 평가의 적절한 비율을 제시하였으며, 전략적인 성과목표로서 객관적이며 계량화가 용이한 몇 가지 평가지표도 도출하였다. 또한 기존 연구와 실제 자료를 분석한 내용을 토대로 강의평가를 보완하고 개선하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 제안된 업적평가 모델의 효과적인 운용을 위하여 최소점수제와 등급제를 도입하는 방안을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1716-1721
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• 2021

Chikungunya fever is an arboviral disease caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The disease has similar clinical manifestations with other acute febrile illnesses which complicates differential diagnosis in low-resource settings. We aimed to develop a rapid test for CHIKV detection based on the nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay technology. The system consists of a primer set that recognizes the E1 region of the CHIKV genome and test strips in an enclosed cassette which are used to detect amplicons labeled with FITC/biotin. Amplification of the viral genome was done using open-source PCR, a low-cost open-source thermal cycler. Assay performance was evaluated using a panel of RNA isolated from patients' blood with confirmed CHIKV (n = 8) and dengue virus (n = 20) infection. The open-source PCR-NALFIA platform had a limit of detection of 10 RNA copies/ml. The assay had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 67.56% - 100%) and 100% (95% CI: 83.89% - 100%), respectively, compared to reference standards of any positive virus culture on C6/36 cell lines and/or qRT-PCR. Further evaluation of its performance using a larger sample size may provide important data to extend its usefulness, especially its utilization in the peripheral healthcare facilities with scarce resources and outbreak situations.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.571-584
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• 2022

The residual displacement ratio (RDRs) response spectra have been generally used as an important means to evaluate the post-earthquake repairability, and the ratios of residual to maximum inelastic displacement are considered to be more appropriate for development of the spectra. This methodology, however, assumes that the expected residual displacement can be computed as the product of the RDRs and maximum inelastic displacement, without considering the correlation between these two variables, which inevitably introduces potential systematic error. For providing an adequately accurate estimate of residual displacement, while accounting for the collapse resistance performance prior to the repairability evaluation, a probability-based procedure to estimate the residual displacement demands using the nonlinear static analysis (NSA) is developed for single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems. To this end, the energy-based equivalent damping ratio used for NSA is revised to obtain the maximum displacement coincident with the nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA) results in the mean sense. Then, the possible systematic error resulted from RDRs spectra methodology is examined based on the NTHA results of SDOF systems. Finally, the statistical relation between the residual displacement and the NSA-based maximum displacement is established. The results indicate that the energy-based equivalent damping ratio will underestimate the damping for short period ranges, and overestimate the damping for longer period ranges. The RDRs spectra methodology generally leads to the results being non-conservative, depending on post-yield stiffness. The proposed approach emphasizes that the repairability evaluation should be based on the premise of no collapse, which matches with the current performance-based seismic assessment procedure.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.479-486
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• 2021

This study aims to explore the relationships between strategic planning, strategic maneuverability, and firm performance in the current dynamic business environment. It employs a quantitative research method and reports on a survey, using a questionnaire, of service companies in Indonesia's oil and gas industry. Of the 337 companies selected by simple random sampling from a vendor database, responses were received from 70 companies. The analysis was performed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling and SmartPLS software. The analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, evaluation of the measurement model, evaluation of the structural model, and hypotheses testing. The results show that both strategic planning and strategic maneuverability have a positive relationship with firm performance. In addition, there is a positive relationship between strategic planning and firm performance through the mediating role of strategic maneuverability. The findings suggest that the organizational agility, organizational flexibility, and organizational responsiveness that constitute strategic maneuverability have a positive direct and indirect effect on firm performance, namely financial performance, customer performance, internal process performance, and learning and growth. This study contributes to the strategic management literature and the theory of maneuvers by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between strategic planning, strategic maneuverability, and firm performance.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.184-193
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• 2024

This paper presents the performance evaluation of an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay-assisted multiuser multiple input-multiple output (MU-MIMO) downlink transmission system for correlated fading channels. The overall system performance was improved by incorporating a double-quadrature spatial modulation (DQSM) scheme. The bit error rate (BER) performance and detection complexity of the AF-MU-MIMO-DQSM system were analyzed and compared with those of a conventional AF-MU-MIMO system under the same conditions and parameters. The results showed that the correlated fading channel severely affected the performance of systems with higher spectral efficiency (SE). Considering an SE of 12 bpcu/user, the AF-MU-MIMO-DQSM system yielded a gain of up to 3 dB in BER performance compared with that of its conventional counterpart for the analyzed cases. In terms of detection complexity, the AF-MU-MIMO-DQSM system showed a reduction of up to 56 % compared with that of the conventional system for the optimal maximum likelihood detection criterion.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2015

This paper presents findings on the second-order sliding-mode controller for a nuclear research reactor. Sliding-mode controllers for nuclear reactors have been used for some time, but higher-order sliding-mode controllers have the added advantage of reduced chattering. The nonlinear model of Pakistan Research Reactor-1 has been used for higherorder sliding-mode controller design and performance evaluation. The reactor core is simulated based on point kinetics equations and one delayed neutron groups. The model assumes feedback from lumped fuel and coolant temperatures. The effect of xenon concentration is also considered. The employed method is easy to implement in practical applications, and the second-order sliding-mode control exhibits the desired dynamic properties during the entire output-tracking process. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller in terms of performance, robustness, and stability.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2024

Due to the increase in population and consequently the increase in the production of plastic waste, recovery of this part of the waste is an undeniable necessity. On the other hand, the recycling of plastic waste, if it is placed in a systematic process and controlled, can be effective in creating jobs and maintaining environmental health. Waste collection in many large cities has become a major problem due to lack of proper planning with increasing waste from population accumulation and changing consumption patterns. Today, waste management is no longer limited to waste collection, but waste collection is one of the important areas of its management, i.e. training, segregation, collection, recycling and processing. In this study, a systematic method based on machine vision for sorting plastic bottles in different colors for recycling purposes will be proposed. In this method, image classification and segmentation techniques were presented to improve the performance of plastic bottle classification. Evaluation of the proposed method and comparison with previous works showed the proper performance of this method.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2024

Evaluation of tunnel performance in seismic-prone areas demands efficient means of estimating performance at different hazard levels. The present study introduces an innovative push-over analysis approach which employs the standard earthquake spectrum to simulate the performance of a tunnel. The numerical simulation has taken into account the lining and surrounding rock to calculate the rock-tunnel interaction subjected to a static push-over displacement regime. Elastic perfectly plastic models for the lining and hardening strain rock medium were used to portray the development of plastic hinges, nonlinear deformation, and performance of the tunnel structure. Separately using a computational algorithm, the non-linear response spectrum was approximated from the average shear strain of the rock model. A NATM tunnel in Turkey was chosen for parametric study. A seismic performance curve and two performance thresholds are introduced that are based on the proposed nonlinear seismic static loading approach and the formation of plastic hinges. The tunnel model was also subjected to a harmonic excitation with a smooth response spectrum and different amplitudes in the fully-dynamic phase to assess the accuracy of the approach. The parametric study investigated the effects of the lining stiffness and capacity and soil stiffness on the seismic performance of the tunnel.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2012

PURPOSE. Zirconia has been used in clinical dentistry for approximately a decade, and there have been several reports regarding the clinical performance and survival rates of zirconia-based restorations. The aim of this article was to review the literatures published from 2000 to 2010 regarding the clinical performance and the causes of failure of zirconia fixed partial dentures (FPDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS. An electronic search of English peer-reviewed dental literatures was performed through PubMed to obtain all the clinical studies focused on the performance of the zirconia FPDs. The electronic search was supplemented by manual searching through the references of the selected articles for possible inclusion of some articles. Randomized controlled clinical trials, longitudinal prospective and retrospective cohort studies were the focuses of this review. Articles that did not focus on the restoration of teeth using zirconia-based restorations were excluded from this review. RESULTS. There have been three studies for the study of zirconia single crowns. The clinical outcome was satisfactory (acceptable) according to the CDA evaluation. There have been 14 studies for the study of zirconia FPDs. The survival rates of zirconia anterior and posterior FPDs ranged between 73.9% - 100% after 2 - 5 years. The causes of failure were veneer fracture, ceramic core fracture, abutment tooth fracture, secondary caries, and restoration dislodgment. CONCLUSION. The overall performance of zirconia FPDs was satisfactory according to either USPHS criteria or CDA evaluations. Fracture resistance of core and veneering ceramics, bonding between core and veneering materials, and marginal discrepancy of zirconia-based restorations were discussed as the causes of failure. Because of its repeated occurrence in many studies, future researches are essentially required to clarify this problem and to reduce the fracture incident.