• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.267-279
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the utilization and satisfaction of lunchbox by considering the dietary lifestyle of the consumer, in order to refine the purchasing behavior of adults with experience in using lunchboxes, and to provide basic data for efficient menu configuration and direction towards improvement. Methods: A total of 600 adults in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do answered a self-administered questionnaire designed to investigate general characteristics, utilization, menu preference, satisfaction, prospection, and improvement of lunchbox, according to the dietary lifestyle. Results: The study subjects were classified into 5 groups: 'taste seeking group', 'safety seeking group', 'health seeking group', 'economic seeking group' and 'convenience seeking group. Considering purchase value of the lunchbox, the 'taste seeking group' had a high utilization rate (35.1%) for prices less than 4,000 won (P < 0.05). Lunchboxes were mainly purchased at the lunchbox store (43.3%) and convenience store (37.7%). The important factor that contributed to purchasing a lunchbox was taste (61.3%), which was highest in the 'taste seeking group' (P < 0.01). The 'health seeking group' showed the highest preference for the low-salt diet lunchbox menu (26.0%) (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of 'health seeking groups' was lowest when considering addition of condiments (2.34%), origin of ingredient (2.59%), and provided calorie (2.81%) (P < 0.05). The overall response indicated future use of the lunchbox (69.6%) (P < 0.01); 35.8% respondents recommended the purchase of lunchbox, where convenience of purchase was the highest factor contributing to recommendation (50.2%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Taken together, our results indicate that taste was emphasized in every group purchasing the lunch box. Convenience of purchase was the highest factor contributing to satisfaction, which was relatively low when considering addition of condiments, nutrition and origin of ingredients. We propose that it is necessary to improve the development of various menus for increasing satisfaction by selecting the right ingredients contributing to good health of the consumer.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-123
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• 2011

The paper is basically attempted to reveal the factor price equalization(FPE) on Korea, United States, and Japan by the ARDL-bounds testing. Wage-rental ratio and relative commodity prices between Korea, United States, and Japan are analyzed by employing equality and convergence frameworks. Empirical evidences are shown that necessary and sufficient conditions for the FPE seems to be easily satisfied in a small country such as Korea rather than large ones as like United States and Japan. And, the FPE is more easily achieved by a nominal term rather than the real term. Due to the fact that an error correction term in the Error Correction Model is insignificant, direct mobility of labor and capital between the countries is not that effective to a short run adjustment. It implies that the FPE is in general going through a long run path. It also has to be mentioned that a trade policy has to selectively implemented depending on the weight of trading volumes and it has to be build up by a long run basis.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.889-903
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• 2018

The purposes of this study were to classify consumer types and to analyze purchase behavior depending on food safety attitudes related to the Fukushima nuclear accident. Based on the consumer survey data, factor analysis and cluster analysis were done to classify consumer types. Applying factor analysis, six factors with a total variance of 73.4% were extracted from 22 basic variables. The 6 factors were termed 'anxiety from ingesting agricultural and fishery products after the nuclear accident', 'importance of food safety when purchasing food', 'reduced rate of purchases of agricultural and fishery products after the accident', 'importance of food prices', 'socio-demographic characteristics' and 'family composition'. Using cluster analysis, consumers were classified into 5 types using the factor scores of 6 factors. The main results are as follows. For every consumer type, the anxiety about imported agricultural and fishery products was higher than that for domestic products after the nuclear accident. The food safety attitudes of consumers were mainly formed by the socio-demographic characteristics. Consumer types with high-education and high-income responded flexibly to the food safety concerning the accident; especially, the consumer type with a high-income and kids under 19 responded very reasonably to the accident. However, consumer types with a low-income and aged over 50 or less than 30 years were the least responsive to the accident, mainly due to financial restrictions. Thus, we suggest some food safety strategies and policy implications based on consumer type for food safety after the accident.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.10
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• pp.187-212
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• 2002

Vietnams urban middle class is strongly value oriented in its shopping behavior. They want fairly good quality and service, but they also factor price into their considerations. In terms of retail patronage, they demand convenience, good service, attractive display, and especially want extensive choice. Brands must be present in multiple types of outlet, or fragile brand loyalties can be broken. Mini supermarkets have become an important part of the retail scene in the past decade, and have successfully introduced the supermarket concept to Vietnam. Many consumers are integrating mini supermarkets into their regular shopping, and are willing to pay the higher prices to gain the benefits of such shopping. However, the mini supermarkets do not adequately meet some of the things they expect from supermarkets. Large supermarkets are just entering the market, and are likely to capture much of the current mini supermarket customer base.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.91-100
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• 2017

Movements using aircraft are continuously increasing. This is because options for airlines, including eight national airlines, are becoming more diverse. In particular, FSC and LCC provide different services and prices, so it is not easy to choose, but it is analyzed that safety is the most important factor when selecting airlines in 2013 and 2017(all age groups are the same). There was a difference between 2013 and 2017 for each age group. In particular, the importance of price factors is high in 2017 compared to 2013, and other items in the 40s and 50s are also significantly changed.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.147-158
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to review the empirical study results of conversion factors(unit prices) for relative values of health care services in the national health insurance system and establish optimal classification of health care institutions for feasible contract of conversion factors between National Health Insurance Corporation(NHIC) and provider groups, based on legal backgrounds and types of health care service delivery system. some empirical research evidences shows the validity of applying multiple conversion factors to annual contract for reimbursement in the national health insurance. Policy recommendations suggest that clinic, hospital, general hospital, tertiary hospital, dental clinic, oriental medical clinic, pharmacy, and public health centers would be a basic category of provider groups for a meaningful price contract between the NHIC and providers.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.449-454
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• 2010

Recent economic changes throughout the world, either development or crises and recessions, have prompted a host of nutrition related problems, including a decreased prevalence of undernutrition, an increase in the prevalence of diet related diseases, widespread food insecurity as crop prices increase, and so on. In addition, evidence is mounting that suggests that exposure to poor nutrition early in life is a predisposing factor for chronic diseases in adulthood. Thus, the role of international or community nutrition professionals is vital to not only studying and understanding the interplay between economics, food policy, and health, but also to improving the ability to intervene and prevent many problems related to food insecurity in developed and developing countries. The purpose of this review is to outline and describe these issues as a means to open discussion on how to best alleviate major nutrition problems in the world.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-34
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• 2002

This study is to analyze the demand for organic farming products . The demand for organic farming products is increasing rapidly but the study to analyze the demand system by the methods of econometrics is not tried at all because there is no any formal statistical data about the demand. Therefore, this study tries to estimate the raw statistical data to expect the demand trends of organic farming products in the future. To analyze the demand functions of organic farming products such as rice, bean, apple, grape, beef, and park, this study uses AIDS model by using several assumptions and estimates the price and income elasticities of the demands. The results demonstrate that the demands of organic farming products will be increased in the future and the prices of organic farming products will be the key factor in the demand, In 2004, the quantity demanded of the organic grape will account for 3% of total grape market. As a result, consumer's concerns about organic farming products will be high and the demand for organic farming products will be increased. Thus, the reasonable price system has a significant influence on the market of organic farming products.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.97-106
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• 2003

This study explored the relationship between housing values and condominium purchasing behavior. The participants of this study were married women who had bought a condominium at least once and who also were dwelling in one. Survey questionnaires were conducted on 1103 married women from three residential areas in Daegu. The analytical methods used in this study were frequency, mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, 1-test, one-way ANOVA, post-hoc estimation (Scheff test), and correlation analysis. The results show that the more the women were oriented toward convenience, education, and investment, the more likely they were to make a rational purchase. Also, the more the women's values were oriented toward conspicuous consumption and investment, the more they were likely to make an investment and ostentatious purchase. The women who valued ostentation and location tended to rely on other people's opinions and advertisement more, and were more likely to be impulsive shoppers. Women who valued convenience, education, and location, made their purchase decisions based on the housing prices.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 1996

Telecommunication services are typically offered with two-part tariffs which consist of the access charges and the usage charges. In the previous analyses of optimal two-part tariffs, consumers have been assumed to be final users. In this paper, we take the telecommunication service as an input factor which is purchased by business consumers. We proposed a two-stage market model in which the good in queston is produced by an upstream monopolist and purchased as an input by firms and they sell their final outputs in a downstream market. We derive the optimal two-part tariffs of inputs in the case of oligopolistic downstream market with heterogeneous downstream firms. It is shown that two-part tariffs are more desirable than uniform prices from a welfare standpoint. It is also shown that if an upstream monopolist earns positive profits, usage charge is less than marginal cost in the optimal two-part tariffs.