• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2001

Phage typing is currently used for typing of Staphylococcus aureus strains beyond the species level in epidemiological studies. A total of 168 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from chicken meat and chicken by-products were phage-typed using the international bacteriophage set for typing Staphylococcus aureus of human origin. One hundred and forty-eight (88.79%) strains were phage-typeable (at least one phage produced 20 or more plaques of lysis). Lysis by phages of group Ⅲ was the mast frequent with 99 (58.93%) sensitive strains. This fact coincides with results of other authors. Twenty-nine different phage patterns were observed and three (95, 75/84 and 6/1030/W57) were most common. One hundred and thirty-two (89.19% of typeable strains) skewed these or indistinguishable (only one phage reaction difference) patterns. Twenty-six out of seventy chicken samples (37.14%) harboured more than one phage type of Staphylococcus aureus. This fact emphasizes the convenience of subtyping several Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the same sample in epidemiological studies. 80% of sausages and hamburgers contained the same Staphylococcus aureus phage types, which wore not found in any of the other food types. This fact suggests a cross contamination during the processing of these foods. Phages 6, 75, 84, 1030 and W57 skewed the greatest activity. None of the Staphylococcus aureus strains were sensitive to phages 47, 81 and 94.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2005

지역유형(area type)은 물류수요의 잠재력(potential)과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 물류계획분야에서 지역유형 변수는 특히 발생모형(generation model)에서 물류유입(freight attraction)을 설명하는 모형변수로, 또한 수송수단선택모형(mode choice model)의 모형변수로 포함되는 것이 최근 선진국의 물류계획 실무분야에서 일반적인 추세이다. 하지만 지역유형은 그 동안 개념적으로 명확히 정의되지 못하였으며, 분석모형의 맥락에서 지역유형의 계량적 추정을 다룬 선행연구는 거의 없었다고 할 수 있다. 이런 이유 때문에 중/장기 물류수요예측 및 물류계획에 있어서 인구와 고용의 변화가 지역유형을 어떻게 변화시킬지에 관한 장기적인 예측을 하는 것이 어려웠다. 따라서 본 연구는 물류시설 SOC사업의 성공적 추진을 위하여 물류수요예측의 신뢰수준을 제고하는 데 있어 꼭 필요하고 시급한 연구로서 지역유형(area type)을 고려한 물류수요의 잠재력(potential)분석 방법을 제시하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.523-529
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• 2013

Subquadratic space complexity multipliers for optimal normal bases (ONBs) have been proposed for practical applications. However, for the Gaussian normal basis (GNB) of type t > 2 as well as the normal basis (NB), there is no known subquadratic space complexity multiplier. In this paper, we propose the first subquadratic space complexity multipliers for the type 4 GNB. The idea is based on the fact that the finite field GF($2^n$) with the type 4 GNB can be embedded into fields with an ONB.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.326-334
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• 2008

This paper proposes a method for generating a basis translation matrix between isomorphic extension fields. To generate a basis translation matrix, we need the equality correspondence of a basis between the isomorphic extension fields. Consider an extension field $F_{p^m}$ where p is characteristic. As a brute force method, when $p^m$ is small, we can check the equality correspondence by using the minimal polynomial of a basis element; however, when $p^m$ is large, it becomes too difficult. The proposed methods are based on the fact that Type I and Type II optimal normal bases (ONBs) can be easily identified in each isomorphic extension field. The proposed methods efficiently use Type I and Type II ONBs and can generate a pair of basis translation matrices within 15 ms on Pentium 4 (3.6 GHz) when $mlog_2p$ = 160.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제33A권7호
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• pp.23-33
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• 1996

This paper deals with the design of a recursively-indexed binary code for facsimile soruces and its performance. Sources used here are run-lengths of white pixels form higher-resolution facsimile. The modified huffman code used for G.3 facsimile is chosen for the performance comparison. Experiments confirm the fact that recursive indexing preserves the entropy of a memoryless geometric source: the entropy of recursively-indexed physical surce iwth roughly geometric distributin remains within 2% of the empirical source entropy. The designed recursively-indexed binary codes consist of a code applied to text-type documents and to graphics - type documents is compared iwth that of the modified huffman code. Numerical resutls show that the modified huffman code performs well for text-type documents and not equally well for graphics-tyep documents. On the other hand, recursively-indexed binary codes have shown a better performance for graphics-type documents whose distribution are similar to a geometric distribution. Specifically, the code rates of recursively-indexed binary codes with 60 codewords are from 8% to 20% of the empirical source entropy smaller than that of th emodified huffman code with 91 codewords.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.434-447
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• 1995

This research was intended to identify variables influencing on risk perception and risk reduction behavior in clothing purchase situations. Responses from 631 female adults living in Seoul area were collected and analyzed. Towner for social occasions or working in office was used as clothing stimulus. The analysis included three product variables(price, style, type of clothing), 4 personality variables(generalized self-confidence, specific self-confidence, generalized informativeness, fashion informativeness), 2 clothing attitude variables(clothing importance, clothing interest), 4 demographic variables(age, educational level, occupation, income), and 3 situational variables(purchase planning, time pressure, effects of shopping company). Multiple regression revealed the fact that each type of clothing risk and each type of risk reduction behavior was influenced by the set of different variables. Generalized self- confidence and age and time pressure had more effects on clothing risk perception, while clothing risk reduction behavior was more influenced by clothing risk type, clothing interest, price of clothing and fashion informativeness. Implications for marketing strategies planning were also provided.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.9-22
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• 1997

The results of analyzing opening types in the rear elevations of ninety-six buddhist temples which would be existence can be summarized as follows ; 1) Opening types in the rear elevations of buddhist temples in the Koryo Dynasty were various as the type of doors and windows, and the type of combining with walls. but the fact had something in common that whole door was the swinging pannel one, and the type of the whole window was the lattice and the mullioned casement one. 2) The type of the lattice windows were disappered and the only type of the mullioned casement windows were put in an apperance in the early period of Cho-sun Dynasty. 3) The type of doors + walls and the type of doors + windows in the rear elevations of buddhist temples of the seventeenth century were absolute. Especially the mullioned casement windows were used mainly in buddhist temple of the type of doors + windows. 4) The type of doors + windows in the rear elevations of buddhist temples of the eighteenth century did not be seen, but types of doors + walls and walls + walls which were much enclosed, were mainly put to use in those.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.115-120
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• 1997

System identification is the task of inferring a mathematical description of a dynamic system from a series of measurements of the system. There are several motives for establishing mathematical descriptions of dynamic systems. Typical applications encompass simulation, prediction, fault diagnostics, and control system design. The paper demonstrates that neural networks can be used effective for the identification of nonlinear dynamical systems. The content of this paper concerns dynamic neural network models, where not all inputs to and outputs from the networks are measurable. Only one model type is treated, the well-known Innovation State Space model(Kalman Predictor). The identification is based only on input/output measurements, so in fact a non-linear Extended Kalman Filter problem is solved. Even for linear models this is a non-linear problem without any assurance of convergence, and in spite of this fact an attempt is made to apply the principles from linear models, an extend them to non-linear models. Computer simulation results reveal that the identification scheme suggested are practically feasible.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.487-494
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• 2000

현재 국내에서 사용되고 있는 팬드롤형 체결구의 레일체결장치용 숄더는 구조상으로 숄더와 콘크리트 침목 단차에서의 재료분리를 유발시키고 있으며 현장에서 궤도의 PC침목 자체는 완전절연상태가 아니므로 절연블럭의 미삽입 또는 탈락시 궤도가 단락 되어 신호기애 장애가 발생하거나 열차 미운행시에도 건널목 정보장치와 차단기가 동작되는 등의 문제가 발생하여 근본적인 대비책 강구가 요망되어 온 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 레일체결장치용 숄더의 구조적 개선 및 경량화와 숄더의 절연성능 향상을 위한 신형숄더를 개발하였다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2019

The utilization of incineration ash from municipal waste must be promoted to solve the social problem on the shortage of final disposal site. In this research, metals should be recovered to avoid the damage of the crushing machine during the utilization of incineration ash in cement industry. In fact, incineration bottom ash from municipal waste contains iron in 3-5%. Nonferrous metal and stainless steel in 1% is also included. The research and development on the physical recovery process was performed not only to remove the metals but also to recover high grade products. Metals were separated from incineration ash in Maruya Co. Ltd.. In fact, iron scrap recovered by magnetic separation can be selled. After that, mixed metal was separated from incineration ash using screen. In this research, mixed metal tried to divided copper, aluminum, brass and stainless steel using drum type magnetic separation, eddy current separation and high magnetic separation. As a result, recovered iron had an 80% for the grade. Aluminum was recovered by eddy current separation without copper and brass.