• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

본 논문은 3차원 얼굴 영상을 이용한 얼굴 인식에 있어서, 정규화 과정에 사용될 얼굴의 특징 영역을 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 3차원 얼굴 영상은 조명의 변화에 상관없이 얼굴의 특징 분석이 가능하고, 이를 이용한 얼굴 인식이 가능하다. 그러나 입력된 형상의 자세에 따라 회전, 기울어진 정도, 그리고 좌우로 움직인 정도가 다르다. 이런 특성을 고려하지 않고 추출된 특징들은 잘못된 인식 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 이런 이유로 입력에서의 오류들을 바로잡는 정규화 과정이 필요하다. 정규화 과정에서는 얼굴의 기하학적인 특징인 눈, 코, 입 등을 이용하는 것이 일반적이다. 이들 중, 코는 3차원 얼굴 영상에서 두드러진 특징이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 코의 실제 형상과 유사한 긴 추출 마스크를 사용하여 입력된 영상으로부터 코를 추출하는 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2011

보안 시스템을 비롯한 많은 얼굴 인식의 응용들에서 수직 방향의 얼굴이 입력된다고 가정한다. 그러나 보다 일반적인 환경에서 인물에 대한 인식을 하려면 기울어진 얼굴의 검출이 가능해야 한다. 기존의 많은 방식들에서 영상 내에 존재하는 회전된 얼굴을 검출하기 위해 얼굴 검출을 위한 윈도우를 반복적으로 회전시키며 얼굴검출기를 적용함으로써 얼굴의 회전각을 구한다. 그러나 이러한 방식은 많은 계산량을 필요로 하는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 점들의 집합이 주어질 때 그 점들의 대칭축을 검출하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한 얼굴이 대칭이라는 점에 착안해서 얼굴검출 윈도우 내의 에지 포인트들로 부터 대칭축을 추출함으로써 검출된 대칭축 방향에 대해서만 얼굴 검출기를 적용함으로써 얼굴의 회전각을 빠르고 정밀하게 검출하는 방법을 제안한다. 실험에 사용된 데이터베이스의 경우 제안된 알고리즘이 평균 $0^{\circ}$, 표준편차 $3^{\circ}$의 오차 범위에서 얼굴의 대칭축을 검출함을 보였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.288-296
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• 2021

Automated face recognition in a runtime environment is gaining more and more important in the fields of surveillance and urban security. This is a difficult task keeping in mind the constantly volatile image landscape with varying features and attributes. For a system to be beneficial in industrial settings, it is pertinent that its efficiency isn't compromised when running on roads, intersections, and busy streets. However, recognition in such uncontrolled circumstances is a major problem in real-life applications. In this paper, the main problem of face recognition in which full face is not visible (Occlusion). This is a common occurrence as any person can change his features by wearing a scarf, sunglass or by merely growing a mustache or beard. Such types of discrepancies in facial appearance are frequently stumbled upon in an uncontrolled circumstance and possibly will be a reason to the security systems which are based upon face recognition. These types of variations are very common in a real-life environment. It has been analyzed that it has been studied less in literature but now researchers have a major focus on this type of variation. Existing state-of-the-art techniques suffer from several limitations. Most significant amongst them are low level of usability and poor response time in case of any calamity. In this paper, an improved face recognition system is developed to solve the problem of occlusion known as FRS-OCC. To build the FRS-OCC system, the color and texture features are used and then an incremental learning algorithm (Learn++) to select more informative features. Afterward, the trained stack-based autoencoder (SAE) deep learning algorithm is used to recognize a human face. Overall, the FRS-OCC system is used to introduce such algorithms which enhance the response time to guarantee a benchmark quality of service in any situation. To test and evaluate the performance of the proposed FRS-OCC system, the AR face dataset is utilized. On average, the FRS-OCC system is outperformed and achieved SE of 98.82%, SP of 98.49%, AC of 98.76% and AUC of 0.9995 compared to other state-of-the-art methods. The obtained results indicate that the FRS-OCC system can be used in any surveillance application.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.679-688
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• 2021

This study is a questionnaire about the lesson environment that radiation major students prefer in a non-face-to-face live online lesson environment for a total of 133 students, 65 second graders and 68 third graders who are enrolled in the department of radiology at a university located in the Seoul metropolitan area. And checked the satisfactory level by grade. The questionnaire consists of three categories: 1st real-time non-face-to-face lectures, 2nd professor lectures, and 3rd corona lectures. A total of 14 questions, with multiple choice and descriptive response methods. As an evaluation method, in the case of a multiple-choice question, the average was calculated using a 5-point Likert scale. As a result of conducting the independent sample T-test of the SPSS program, the response by grade was P > 0.05, and no significant result was shown by the contents of the questionnaire survey of the second grade. As for the lecture method of the department of radiology after the end of Covid-19 virus, it is better to promote face-to-face lessons in radiation training subjects and non-face-to-face real-time education in subjects centered on radiation theory.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2023

전기통신금융사기 범죄인 메신저 피싱은 스마트폰 원격제어와 비대면 금융거래를 악용한 것으로 재산 피해는 물론이고 피해자들의 신용과 채무문제가 발생해 이차 피해가 심각하다. 이러한 금융사고는 피해자들의 부주의도 있겠지만 현재 메신저 피싱 범죄 수법은 지능적이며, 비대면 사용자 확인 절차의 허점을 파고든 결과로도 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 메신저 피싱이 비대면 금융거래 시 사용자 확인 절차의 허점을 어떻게 악용하고 있는지 사례를 중심으로 분석하고, 실험을 통해 더 안전한 금융거래를 위한 비대면 확인 항목별로 개선점을 제언한다.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1607-1615
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• 2023

purpose: In addition to evaluating the quality of sleep of college students, the effect on non-face-to-face online learning satisfaction is identified and used as basic data for improving the quality of remote lectures. Methods: From June 1 to June 24, 2022, a self-entry survey was conducted on students enrolled in the dental hygiene department of D University in Daegu. To evaluate the non-face-to-face online learning satisfaction and sleep quality of the study subjects using the lBM SPSS Statistics 21 program, ANOVA analysis was conducted on the difference between individual stress levels and non-face-to-face online learning satisfaction. The correlation between sleep quality, stress, and non-face-to-face online learning satisfaction was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The lower the quality of sleep, the higher the stress, resulting in statistically significant results (p<0.001). The higher the quality of sleep, the higher the learning satisfaction, resulting in statistically significant results (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between learning satisfaction and stress (r=0.591, p<0.01). Conciussions: Through the above results, in order to improve the satisfaction of non-face-to-face online learning, it is necessary to manage the individual's learning environment and health to relieve stress. Instructors also need to communicate with learners and apply teaching methods considering learners' academic abilities.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.675-678
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• 2018

얼굴은 사람을 확인할 수 있는 고유한 성질을 갖고 있어 얼굴 인식이 출입통제, 범죄자 검색, 방법용 CCTV 같은 보안 영역과 본인 인증 영역에 활발히 활용되고 있다. 정면 얼굴 영상은 가장 많은 얼굴 정보를 갖고 있어 얼굴 인식을 위해 가능한 정면 얼굴 영상을 취득하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서 하르유사 특징을 이용한 Adaboost 알고리즘을 이용해 얼굴 영역이 검출되고 mean-shift 알고리즘을 이용해 얼굴을 추적한다. 그리고 얼굴 영역에서 눈과 입 같은 얼굴 요소들의 특징점들을 추출해 그들의 기하학적인 정보를 이용해 두 눈의 비와 얼굴의 회전 정도를 계산하고 실시간으로 근사 정면 얼굴 영상을 제시한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1136-1141
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• 2022

코로나19 팬데믹으로 인해 마스크 착용이 일상화되면서 마스크 착용 얼굴을 식별하는 얼굴인식 연구에 대한 중요도가 높아지고 있다. 안정된 얼굴인식 성능을 위해서는 인식 대상에 대한 풍부한 학습용 이미지 확보가 필요하지만 인물 별로 마스크 착용 얼굴 이미지를 다량 확보하는 것은 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 마스크 미착용 얼굴 이미지에 가상의 마스크 패턴을 합성하는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 동일 인물에 대해 마스크 미착용 얼굴 이미지와 마스크 착용 얼굴 이미지를 쌍으로 컨볼루션 오토인코더에 입력하여 얼굴과 마스크의 기하학적 관계를 학습한다. 학습이 완료된 컨볼루션 오토인코더는 학습에 사용되지 않은 새로운 마스크 미착용 얼굴 이미지에 가상의 마스크 패턴을 자연스러운 형태로 합성해준다. 제안 방법은 고속으로 대량의 마스크 착용 얼굴 이미지를 생성할 수 있으며, 얼굴 특징점 추출에 기반하는 마스크 합성 방법에 비해 실용적이다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2024

Purpose : This study was conducted to compare two non-face-to-face exercise interventions depending on whether mobile applications and wearable exercise aids are used to find out which interventions are more effective in improving senile sarcopenia. Ultimately, it was conducted to provide basic data for developing non-face-to-face intervention methods to improve sarcopenia. Method : In this study, 18 elderly sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia aged 65 or older were randomly assigned to the digital and self-exercise intervention groups. The digital exercise intervention group performed eight exercise programs with mobile applications and wearable exercise aids to record and manage the elderly performing the programs in real time. And the self-exercise intervention group performed the same program on its own as implemented in the digital exercise group. The intervention was applied for 8 weeks, and before and after the intervention, sarcopenia evaluation and physical function evaluation were performed. Results : In the digital exercise intervention group, arm muscle mass, skeletal muscle index, SPPB, 5TSTS, and BBS were improved, and in the self-exercise intervention group, grip strength, SPPB, 5TSTS, and BBS were improved. Conclusion : It was confirmed that both groups are effective in improving physical performance and physical function, the digital exercise intervention is effective in improving muscle mass and self-exercise intervention is effective in improving muscle strength. Therefore, this study proposes to apply intervention methods separately according to the indicators to improve and prevent sarcopenia, and also simplify the instructions of applications used to improve sarcopenia and to create an environment where users can be trained regularly on how to use it. And, In the future, studies for the development of devices to be designed to help non-face-to-face exercise interventions or studies on the differences between face-to-face and non-face-to-face exercise interventions should be conducted in terms of the effect of improving sarcopenia.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.277-301
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• 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the sentiment responses of the general public to non-face-to-face work using text mining methodology. As the number of non-face-to-face complaints is increasing over time, it is difficult to review and analyze in traditional methods such as surveys, and there is a limit to reflect real-time issues. Approach This study has proposed a method of the research model, first by collecting and cleansing the data related to non-face-to-face work among tweets posted on Twitter. Second, topics and keywords are extracted from tweets using LDA(Latent Dirichlet Allocation), a topic modeling technique, and changes for each section are analyzed through DTM(Dynamic Topic Modeling). Third, the complaints of non-face-to-face work are analyzed through the classification of positive and negative polarity in the COVID-19 section. Findings As a result of analyzing 1.54 million tweets related to non-face-to-face work, the number of IDs using non-face-to-face work-related words increased 7.2 times and the number of tweets increased 4.8 times after COVID-19. The top frequently used words related to non-face-to-face work appeared in the order of remote jobs, cybersecurity, technical jobs, productivity, and software. The words that have increased after the COVID-19 were concerned about lockdown and dismissal, and business transformation and also mentioned as to secure business continuity and virtual workplace. New Normal was newly mentioned as a new standard. Negative opinions found to be increased in the early stages of COVID-19 from 34% to 43%, and then stabilized again to 36% through non-face-to-face work sentiment analysis. The complaints were, policies such as strengthening cybersecurity, activating communication to improve work productivity, and diversifying work spaces.