• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2001

This study investigated the effect of aftertreatments such as using the softener or starch on the mechanical properties of knitted fabrics. The mechanical properties of fabrics, hand value(HV) and total hand value(THV) were measured and calculated by the KES-F system. The main results are as follows: The values of tensile energy(WT), coefficient of friction(MIU) and geometrical roughness(SMD) were increased by softener but decreased by starch treatment. However, the values of tensile linearity(LT), bending(B, 2HB), thickness(T) and weight(W) were increased by starch but decreased by softener treatment. Tensile resilience(RT) was increased not only by softener but also by starch treatment. It showed that the levels of FUKURAMI, NUMERI and SOFUTOSA were increased by the treatment of softener and the levels of KOSHI and SHARI were increased by the treatment of starch. Total hand value(THV) was lower in fabric with starch treatment than fabric with none treatment.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2001

Tencel fabric was treated with cellulase and softener. And then Mechanical properties were investigated. Basic characteristic values of clothing wearing were calculated. With the treatment of cellulase and softener treatment, WT, RT, LC, WC, RC of mechanical characteristics were increased, and G, 2HG, 2HG5, B, 2HB were decreased. B/W, $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$, $\sqrt{2HB/W}$, 2HB/B, W/T of Basic characteristic values of clothing wearing were decreased. WC/W, WC/T were increased, Therefore, drapability, crease resistance, pressing softness, air content were improved. In consideration of mechanical characteristics and basic characteristic values of clothing wearing depending on the softener, values of WT, WC/W, WC/T were bigger with the treatment of epoxy and snow softener than with the treatment of cation and blend softener. LC, WC, RC, B/W, $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$, $\sqrt{2HB/W}$, 2HB/B, W/T were bigger with the treatment of cation and blend softener than with the treatment of epoxy and snow softener. Thereofre, with the treatment of epoxy and snow softener, drapability, crease resistance, air content were improved. With the treatment of cation and blend softener, pressing softness were improved.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.333-338
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• 2005

We examined the antimicrobial effects of the cotton fabrics which were laundered at different conditions and treated with a colloidal silver solution using Staphylococcus aureus. Colloidal silver solution was made from commercial colloidal silver generator by electrolysis. The fabric which was innoculated and washed with water before drying had no more Staphylococcus aureus, but which was innoculated and dried before washing with detergent solution had lower reduction rate. The fabric washed with oxygen bleach did not have an antimicrobial effect, but rinsed with 0.07% fabric softener showed antimicrobial properties. The fabric rinsed with 0.7ppm colloidal silver solution had better antimicrobial effects. As the treating concentration of silver solution increased, the antimicrobial property of the fabric was increased. The fabric treated with 5% silver solution sustained reflectance and whiteness of untreated fabric. The colloidal silver treated fabric lost antimicrobial property after washing because nano-sized silver particles were located on uneven fiber surface without chemical bonding forces.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2002

Chitosan has reactive amino and hydroxyl groups which can be used to chemically alter its properties under the mild reaction conditions. Thus the cationization of Tencel with Chitosan is effective to modify the fabric. To investigate the modified properties of Tencel fabric, the tests were performed under the several finishing process with enzyme/glutaraldehyde/softener. The internal structure of Tencel which has the structure of cellulose II wasn't changed by enzyme, chitosan and crosslinking agent treatment and the thermal stability was improved by chitosan and crosslinking agent treatment. Wrinkle recovery angle under the dry condition increased highly until $0.1\textrm{mol}/\ell$ of glutaraldehyde concentration, and then decreased. Tensile strength of modified Tencel fabric decreased with increasing of weight loss, but it was improved more or less by chitosan, crosslinking agent and softener. Moisture regain was improved by enzyme and chitosan treatment. And antibacterial activity showed nearly 100% on Tencel fabric treated with 0.5% chitosan and adsorption of metal ion increased with increasing of chitosan concentration.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.327-336
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• 2010

The purposes of this study are to evaluate mechanical properties and sensibility of tencel jacquard fabrics treated with ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener, and to contribute to the research and development of the bedclothes made of the tencel jacquard fabrics. Mechanical properties and objective fabric hand evaluation were measured by using KES-FB system. Subjective sensibilities such as sensory, touch, and purchasing preference were estimated by using blind field test. The tensile properties such as EM, WT, and RT of tencel jacquard fabrics treated with ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener showed increase. Bending properties and shear properties were decreased, but compression properties were increased compared to untreated fabric. With ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener treatment, thickness and weight were increased. Therefore, tencel jacquard fabrics became more stretchable, softer, and bulkier than untreated fabrics. Consequently, THV of tencel jacquard fabrics treated with ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener were increased. When fabrics were treated sequentially with ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener, fabrics were estimated softer, more flexible, and bulkier than untreated fabrics. Also, tencel jacquard fabrics treated with ginkgo biloba extract and silicon softener were estimated to have good touch and preference.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.555-564
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• 2002

The purpose of this research was to analysis compounds of unpleasant odor from the cotton fabrics in dehydration and drying process during washing. The cotton fabrics were treated with various commercial detergents and fabric softener or cationic surfactants such as Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) and Benzalkonium chloride(BC), then dehydrated and dried. The compounds of odor impregnated in fabric were detected by using CC-MS. The results are as follows: The fabrics treated with a powder-type detergent, CTAB and BC gave out compounds unpleasant odor. n-Butyraldehyde and isobutyaldehyde produced during microorganism growth were revealed as source of the compounds of the unpleasant odor. However, no aldehydes were detected from the fabrics treated with commercial fabric softener which seems to act as a deodorizer.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 1995

Changes of the properties of waterproof and moisture-permeable nylon fabric were investigated when softener, anti-static agents, anti-biosis agents were added to the polyurethane resin solution, and when they were applied after resin coating. The adding method of finishing agents into polyurethane layer resulted in an increase in water permeability but a severe decrease in peeling strength. It was found that the desired functionality such as softness, anti-staticity, anti-biosis were successfully introduced into waterproof and moisture-permeable nylon fabric by after-treatment of finishing agents.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.494-499
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• 2010

Knitted fabrics are very popular for their numerous advantages such as greater comfort, attractive garment appearance, better fit on the body, etc. In this study, we investigated the mechanical properties and abrasion property of warp knitted fabrics for footwear which treated with several softeners to improve abrasion resistance. The antistatic softener among the various softeners showed high improvement in abrasion resistance. Among the mechanical properties with treating conditions, WT (tensile energy), G (shear stiffness), B (bending rigidity) increased as treating timeincreased. But the other mechanical properties were little changed with treating concentration.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.486-491
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of chemical finishes on performance characteristics of microfiber blend fabrics. A 60% polyester microfiber/40% cotton blend woven fabric was finished by ten chemicals: three silicone softeners, one fluorochemical, and their mixtures. Performance characteristics examined were abrasion resistance, and oil/water repellency. Chemical finishes containing dimethylpolysiloxane silicone performed better in fabric abrasion resistance than other chemicals. The correlation between abrasion wear and instrumental measures of fabric hand indicated that the breaking strength loss by abrasion related negatively to the coefficient of friction. This implied that the finished fabrics with lower surface frictional coefficient (slipperier) had higher breaking strength loss by abrasion. The microfiber structure of polyester did not appear to help in oil/water repellency due to the larger surface areas of the microfibers. The fluorochemical finished fabric had the most significant improvement on oil/water repellency. The silicone-only finishes, however, did not improve oil/water repellency. When mixed with the fluorochemical, silicone finishes showed improved oil/water repellency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.711-717
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• 1996

This study was carried to figure out the effect of washing on the cationic surfactant (DSDMAC) absorption by nylon fabrics washed with anionic surfactant(SDBS). Cationic surfactant absorption, static electricity, and fabric stiffness of washed and unwashed nylon fabrics were estimated. And to check the correlation between DSDMAC absorption and SDBS absorption, SDBS absorption by nylon fabrics were measured The results were as follows; 1. Nylon fabrics washed with SDBS absorbed more DSDMAC than unwashed fabrics. The more SDBS absorbed by nylon fabrics, the more DSDMAC absorbed. This is account for the increase in negative zeta potential of washed nylon fabrics. 2. Absorption of SDBS by nylon fabrics increased static electricity. Absorption of DSBMAC by washed and unwashed nylon fabrics greatyl decreased static electricity, and static electricity of washed nylon fabrics more decreased than that of unwashed nylon fabrics. 3. When washing cycles were under 20, DSDMAC absorption decreased fabric stiffness. As washing cycles were over 20, DSDMAC deposited as particles acted as points of weak adhesion between adjacent fibers, so increased the fabric stiffness.