• 제목/요약/키워드: FRESHWATER ALGAE

검색결과 150건 처리시간 0.029초

담수조류의 벼재배용 농약 6종에 대한 감수성 비교 (Comparison of the Sensitivity of Freshwater Algae to 6 Pesticides for Paddy Rice)

  • 배철한;박연기;김연식;조경원;이석희;정창국
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.222-228
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    • 2008
  • 벼재배용 농약의 담수 조류에 대한 독성과 감수성을 조사하고자 4종의 담수 조류를 이용하여 생장저해시험을 실시하였다. 시험농약은 벼재배용으로 사용되는 butachlor 5% GR, butachlor 33% EW, isoprothiolane 12% GR, isoprothiolane 40% EC, diazinon 3% GR, diazinon 34% EC이며, 시험농약을 담수 녹조류 3종(Selenastrum capricornutum, Scenedesmus subspicatus, Chlorella vulgris)과 규조류 1종(Nitzschia palea)에 72시간 노출시켜 그 생장률을 조사하였고 생장저해율을 이용하여 50% 영향농도($EC_{50}$)를 산출하였다. 시험 결과, 모든 시험농약에서 유제와 유탁제가 입제보다 담수 조류에 대한 독성이 높았으며, 특히 유제의 경우 농약 원제보다도 높은 독성이 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 농약 제제의 특성에 따라 수조류에 대한 독성이 높아지거나 낮아지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 시험종간 감수성에 있어서는 대부분의 시험농약에서 녹조류인 S. capricornutum와 S. subspicatus는 비슷한 수준의 감수성을 나타내고 있는 반면 C. vulgris의 감수성은 확연히 낮았다. 규조류인 N. palea의 농약에 대한 감수성은 S. capricornutum와 S. subspicatus에 비해 다소 낮거나 비슷하였으나, C. vulgris에 비해 감수성이 높게 나타났다.

담수 이매패류 3종의 여과율 측정을 통한 조류 제어의 생물학적 접근 가능성 (Biological Accessibility to Algae Control through Measurement of Filtration Rate of Three Freshwater Bivalves)

  • 나영권;김동균;김영신;박정호;곽인실
    • 생태와환경
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    • 제54권1호
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    • pp.39-48
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구에서는 2020년 6월에서 9월까지 4개월 동안 우리나라 하천 중 금강 백제보에 주로 서식하는 말조개, 펄조개와 대칭이를 채집하여 서식처 특성을 살펴보았고, 이들의 여과율을 실내 실험을 통하여 측정하여 검량선을 산출하였다. 백제보에서 채집된 말조개, 펄조개, 대칭이는 24시간 동안 평균 154.84 ㎍ L-1의 Chl-a를 제거하였으며, 이는 실내 수조(2 L) 내의 식물플랑크톤 C. vulgaris(초기 Chl-a=168.34 ㎍ L-1)를 약 24시간 만에 제거할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 사용한 말조개, 펄조개, 대칭이가 연평균 4만 마리가 서식할 경우(Lee et al., 2020), 6월 한달 동안 예상되는 Chl-a의 저감 효과는 10.55%으로 예측되고 7월의 경우 34.88%, 8월의 경우 20.14%, 9월의 경우 46.21%로 평균 27.94%의 저감 효과를 예상할 수 있다. 이러한 결과는 간접적으로 이매패류가 서식지에서 효과적으로 Chl-a를 제거할 수 있을 가능성을 제시한다. 실제로 이매패류를 통하여 수생태계의 조류 제어능력을 평가하기 위해서는 이매패류뿐만 아니라 식물플랑크톤, 수생식물, 저서생물, 퇴적물, 유속 등의 작용들을 종합적으로 고려해야 하지만 본 연구에서는 이매패류의 여과율과 이에 따른 Chl-a에 저감율에 기반하여 수생태계 조류 제어능력을 산정하였다. 본 연구 결과들은 차후 다양한 요인과 관점에서의 통합된 연구에 기초적인 정보를 제공할 것으로 사료된다.

Six Taxa of Newly Recorded Species of Charophytes (Charophyta) in Korea

  • Lee, Nam Ju;Kim, Jee Hwan;Kim, Mi Ran;Lee, Ok Min
    • 환경생물
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.285-290
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    • 2018
  • Six taxa of unrecorded Korean species of charophytes are described. Freshwater and aerial charophytes were collected from the bark of trees, reservoirs, small ponds and swamps from April 2017 to September 2017. The newly recorded species of Korea were Cosmarium quadrifarium f. octastichum, Euastrum turneri, Spondylosium nitens var. triangulare, Staurastrum kouwetsii, Staurodesmus dickiei var. latus, and Klebsormidium subtile. K. subtile was transferred from Stichococcus subtilis.

농약의 급성독성 평가를 위한 담수생물의 감수성 비교연구 (Comparison of the Susceptibility of Freshwater Organisms for the Acute Toxicity Test of Pesticides.)

  • 신천철;이성규;노정구
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.130-134
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    • 1986
  • 본 실험은 3종의 농약(butachlor, trichlorfon, BPMC)에 대하여 3가지 실험종인 S. subspicatus, M. rectirostris와 O. latipes에 대해 급성독성실험을 실시하여 급성독성을 평가하고 이를 기초로 하여 각 실험종간의 민감도를 비교하였다. 1) 제초제 butachlor의 96시간 및 48시간의 급성독성 값은 S. subspicatus가 0.23 mg/1, M. rectirostris는 1.3 mg/1, O. latipes 0.58 mg/1으로서 S. subspicatus에 대해 butachlor가 가장 높은 독성을 나타내었다. 2) 살충제 trichlorfon과 BPMC의 96시간 및 48시간의 급성독성값은 S. subspicatus에 대해 290 mg/1와 56 mg/1이상이었고, M. rectirostris에 대해서는 0.0011 ㎎/1와 0.011 ㎎/1, 그리고 O. latipes에 대해서는 70 ㎎/1와 11mg/1였다. 따라서 갑각류인 M. rectirostris가 이들 농약에 대한 감수성이 가장 높았다. 3) 급성독성값의 비율로 농약별 실험종간 민감도를 비교해 보면 제초제 butachlor에는 S. subspicatus가 가장 민감한 실험종이며, 살충제 trichlorfon, BPMC에 대해서는 M. rectirostris가 가장 민감한 실험종임이 판명되어 차후 각종 화학물질의 급성독성 실험시에는 실험된 3종 모두를 이용한 실험방법이 요구된다.

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Four Newly Recorded Taxa of Charophytes and Chlorophytes (Charophyta and Chlorophyta, Viridiplantae) in Korea

  • Jung, Hyun-Chul;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Lee, Ok Min
    • 환경생물
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.289-295
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    • 2017
  • The freshwater algae were collected at reservoirs and small ponds in Gyeonggi-do and Jeju-do on June 2016. Four species of Korean previously unrecorded algae were collected in domestic fresh waters: Coelastrum rugosum, Cosmarium baccatum, Cosmarium norimbergense and Staurastrum connatum var. pseudoamericanum. The morphological characteristics of the four taxa identified in this study were showed mostly similar to the characteristics of the previously reported characteristics. However, Cosmarium baccatum was larger than the previously recorded species and Staurastrum connatum var. pseudoamericanum was wider than the previously recorded species.

Anabaena koreana sp. nov. (Cyanophyceae), a new species, and new record of fresh-water blue-green algae from Korea

  • Kim, Han Soon
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.293-302
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    • 2013
  • The present study summarizes the occurrence, distribution and autecology of 12 taxa of the class Cyanophyceae collected from several swamps, reservoir and highland wetlands in South Korea from 2009 to 2012. A new species, Anabaena koreana sp. nov. and 11 taxa of blue-green algae newly recorded are described and illustrated. Anabaena koreana is similar to A. oumiana, A. spiroides and A. crassa in that the trichomes form regular coils. However, A. koreana is distinguished from these three species by the morphological characteristics of the vegetative cell, heterocyst, and akinet shape and size. This study considers 12 blue-green algal species, including a new species, Anabaena koreana sp. nov. and 11 species that are recorded for the first time in the Korean freshwater algal flora. Among them, the genus Nostochopsis Wood ex Bornet et Flahault 1886 had not previously been recorded in Korea.

First report of Halopeltis (Rhodophyta, Rhodymeniaceae) from the non-tropical Northern Hemisphere: H. adnata (Okamura) comb. nov. from Korea, and H. pellucida sp. nov. and H. willisii sp. nov. from the North Atlantic

  • Schneider, Craig W.;Freshwater, D. Wilson;Saunders, Gary W.
    • ALGAE
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.95-108
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    • 2012
  • Using genetic sequencing (COI-5P, LSU, $rbc$L) to elucidate their phylogenetic positions and then morphological characters to distinguish each from existing species, three procumbent species, including two novel species, from warm temperate Northern Hemisphere waters are added to the recently resurrected genus $Halopeltis$ J. Agardh: $H.$ $adnata$ (Okamura) comb. nov. from Korea, $H.$ $pellucida$ sp. nov. from Bermuda and $H.$ $willisii$ sp. nov. from North Carolina, USA. Prior to these reports, the genus was confined to the Southern Hemisphere and tropical equatorial waters of the Northern Hemisphere although the latter records lack molecular confirmation. These three additional species join the six known species presently residing in $Halopeltis$.

Ornamented Resting Spores of a Green Alga, Chlorella sp., Collected from the Stone Standing Buddha Statue at Jungwon Miruksazi in Korea

  • Klochkova, Tatyana A.;Kim, Gwang-Hoon
    • ALGAE
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.295-298
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    • 2005
  • The growth of subaerial microalgae on historic buildings or various cultural properties causes discoloration and physico-chemical deterioration of the surfaces. We collected a subaerial chlorophyte, Chlorella sp., from the stone Standing Buddha statue at Jungwon Miruksazi, which is a national treasure of Korea, and found dormant, thickwalled spores with regular pentagonal ornamentation along with the vegetative Chlorella cells. The morphology of Chlorella resting spores was compared to that of the other green algal resting cells. The ornamented spores and smooth-walled vegetative cells revived in 2 weeks in a liquid freshwater medium and started reproduction by autospores. To our knowledge, the ability of Chlorella to form ornamented dormant spores in drought condition was not previously recorded. The ornamentation of spores would supplement taxonomic characteristics of this genus.

Morphological Note of Zygnema cruciatum (Zygnemataceae, Chlorophyta) in Korea

  • Kim, Jee-Hwan;Kim, Young-Hwan
    • ALGAE
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.57-60
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    • 2009
  • We described a freshwater filamentous zygnematacean species, Zygnema cruciatum (Vaucher) Agardh in Korea,based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Zygnema cruciatum is characterized by unbranched fil-amcnts of short cylindrical cells, two stellate chloroplasts per cell, a pyrenoid in each chloroplast. Cells are 32-39 $\mu$m in width and 35-50 $\mu$m in length, Conjugation is scalariform and female gametangia are cylindrical or slightlyenlarged. Zygospores are yellow-brown, spherical or broadly ovoid, 35-44 $\mu$m wide and 40-47 $\mu$m long. Under SEM, wall of zygospore has pitted mesospore and pits are 1.4-1.8 $\mu$m in diameter and 3-4 $\mu$m apart from each other.

담수산 미세조류로부터 생리활성물질의 탐색 (Screening of Bioactive Materials from Freshwater Microalgae)

  • 이완석;최애란;안치용;오현철;안종석;오희목
    • ALGAE
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.271-276
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    • 2004
  • One hundred and fifty four micro algal strains, newly isolated from nationwide freshwaters in Korea, were screened for their anticancer, ant diabetic, and antibiotic activities. The micro algal strains were cultured with different nutritional conditions that were divided into 4 groups as follows; a normal Allen medium, nitrogen (N)-limited medium, phosphorus (P)-limited medium, and N and P-limited medium. Algal biomass was extracted with a mixture of acetone:H₂O (1:1, v:v) and the extracts were used for the screening of bioactive materials. Anticancer, ant diabetic, and antibiotic materials were screened by the methods of vaccinia Hl-related protein tyrosine phosphates (VHR DS-PTPase) inhibition, protein tyrosine phosphates 1B (PTP1B) inhibition, and paper disk. The inhibition activity of VHR DS-PTPase was observed in 18 strains, having a maximum 79% inhibition from Anabaena affinis and the inhibition activity of PTP1B was observed in 9 strains, having a maximum 97% from Sphaerocystis schroeteri. Microcystis aeruginosa incubated in an N and P-limited medium showed antibiotic activity in 8 species out of 13 pathogenic bacteria. As a whole, it seemed that the stressed condition such as N and/or P limitation increased the production of bioactive materials in micro algae.