• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2013

지구온난화에 대한 관심이 증가함에 따라 온실가스를 저감할 수 있는 산림자원에 대한 관심도가 증가되고 있다. 이러한 산림자원에 대한 정보는 대부분 항공사진 또는 위성영상을 이용한 도화에 의해 구축되었다. 그러나 영상정보만을 이용한 경우 수목이 울창한 산림지역의 수고정보를 정확하게 구축하지 못하는 단점이 발생하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 라이다 자료와 정사영상을 이용하여 산림지역에서 개별 수목을 분리하고 수고정보를 효율적으로 획득할 수 있는 자료처리 방법을 제안하였다. 라이다를 이용한 자료처리는 정규화된 수치표면모형을 생성한 후 국지적 최대값 필터링을 통하여 수목점을 추출하였다. 또한 정사영상을 이용한 자료처리는 수목영역을 추출하기 위하여 객체기반 영상분류법을 적용하였다. 그리고 라이다 및 정사영상의 결과를 조합하여 최종 수목점을 추출하였다. 용인지역에 대한 실험을 통하여 라이다 자료와 정사영상을 각각 이용하는 방법에 대한 장단점을 분석하고 두 자료를 융합하여 산림지역에서 개별 수목에 대한 정보를 획득할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 제안한 방법의 효율성을 검증할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.237-249
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• 2011

Land-use changes due to the socio-economic environment influence landscape patterns and processes, which affect habitats and biodiversity. This study considers the effects of such land-use changes, particularly on the traditional rural "Maeul" forested landscape, by analyzing landscape structure and vegetation changes. Three study areas were examined that have seen their populations decrease and age over the last few decades. Five types of plant life-forms (Raunkier life-forms) were distinguished to investigate ecosystem function. Principle component analysis was used to understand vegetation dynamics and community characteristics based on a vegetation similarity index. Ordination analysis transformed species-coverage data was introduced to clarify vegetation dynamics. Landscape indices, such as area metrics, edge metrics, and shape metrics, showed that spatial heterogeneity has increased over time in all areas. Pinus densiflora was the main land-use plant type in all study areas but decreased over time, whereas Quercus spp. increased. Over a decade, P. densiflora communities shifted to deciduous oak and plantation. These findings indicate that the impact of human activities on the Maeul landscape is twofold. While forestry activities caused heavy disturbances, the abandonment of traditional human activities has led to natural succession. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the type and intensity of these human impacts on landscape heterogeneity relate differently to vegetation succession. This reflects the cause and consequence of patch dynamics. We discuss an approach for sustainable landscape planning and management of the Maeul landscape based on traditional management.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2024

This study assessed the efficiency of reducing soil erosion and suspended sediment through the restoration of alpine unauthorized and illegally cultivated fields, using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model in the Mandae District. The results showed that in Scenario 5, which involved restoring unauthorized and illegal fields within forests, along rivers (banks), and in ditch areas were restored to their original land categories, achieved the highest efficiency in reducing average annual soil erosion and suspended sediment, with reductions of 8.1% and 4.5%, respectively. In particular, it was confirmed that the restoration of unauthorized and illegal fields within forested areas has a significant impact. This demonstrated that the restoration of unauthorized and illegal agricultural fields can substantially reduce the soil erosion and suspended sediment attributable to non-point source pollution. Our findings highlight the importance of managing these unauthorized and illegal agricultural activities in developing sustainable strategies within non-point source pollution management areas. This study is expected to provide important basic data to effectively establish water quality improvement strategies in the region of non-point source pollution management.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.54-65
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• 2017

Background: "Igune," a traditional agricultural landscape in the Tohoku region of Japan, is characterized by small-scale artificial woodlots surrounding a farmer's house that are interspersed with paddy fields. During the rapid economic growth of Japan over recent decades, some igune woodlots have been abandoned or logged. Biodiversity conservation is an important issue worldwide, and traditional agricultural landscapes are of particular interest. To elucidate the role of igune landscapes in conserving biodiversity, we examined the effects of environmental factors on avian communities. Results: The study was conducted in the suburban areas of Oshu and Hanamaki cities, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, at eight sites that varied in the density and area of igune woodlots within the landscape. Bird surveys were conducted from the middle to late breeding season, and several environmental factors of the igune landscape were also measured. The results of canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the characteristics of avian communities were mainly determined by the total forested area in the landscape. Increased total forested area and shrubs layer of igune woodlots did not cause a reduction in number of bird species of any habitat and foraging types, while increased both in species number and abundance of insectivores and forest species. The number of raptor species increased in igune sites without shrubs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that maintaining igune landscapes may enhance avian diversity within this landscape, although the effects of shrubs within igune varied; developed bush communities increased the evenness of the avian community, whereas some raptor species preferred an open forest understory.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

When situated in green landscapes, water bodies play a crucial role in positively influencing mood and mental health, yet research on the cognitive mechanisms underlying these therapeutic effects is lacking. This study is intended to examine differences in brain function among adult males exposed to forest landscapes with or without water bodies. The wooded landscapes included views of a waterfall, a valley, and a forest without water. The control group was exposed to a local urban landscape. Twelve adult males participated in a field experiment in which prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). In the experiment, participants engaged in low-intensity walking in three forested areas with similar vegetation and climatic conditions. Participants showed significant differences in left PFC activity depending on whether they were in the three forested landscapes or in the control landscape (P < 0.01). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that significantly lower left PFC activity was recorded in the wooded landscape containing a water view . Notably, the lowest PFC values recorded in the landscape with a waterfall view suggest that landscapes with dynamic water flow may be associated with greater therapeutic benefits in terms of PFC activity than static landscapes. Our results underscore that water is a critical aspect of a landscape due to its therapeutic benefits and should be incorporated in the planning and design of green spaces for health promotion.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.28-41
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• 2009

Because fire has significant impacts on fauna and flora in forest ecosystems, as well as socioeconomic influences to local community, it has been an important field of study for decades. One of the most common ways to reduce fire risk is to enhance fire-resilience of forest through fuel treatments including thinning and prescribed burning. Since fuel treatment can't be practiced over all forested areas, appropriate and effective strategies are needed. The present study aims to look at the relationship between spatial characteristics of forest structure measured with landscape pattern metrics and burn severity to provide guidelines for effective fuel treatments. Samchuck fire was selected for the study, and 232 grids covering the study areas were generated, and the grid size was 1km. The burn severity is measured with dNBR derived from satellite imagery, and spatial characteristics of forest structure were measured using FRAGSTATS for both landscape and class levels for each 1km grid. The results of this study strongly indicated that heterogeneity in composition and configuration of forests may significantly reduce burn severity. By enhancing heterogeneity of forests, fuel treatments for fire-resilience forest could be more effective.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.45-74
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• 2018

Landslide is a natural hazard that threats lives and properties in many areas around the world. Landslides are difficult to recognize, particularly in rainforest regions. Thus, an accurate, detailed, and updated inventory map is required for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk analyses. The inconsistency in the results obtained using different features selection techniques in the literature has highlighted the importance of evaluating these techniques. Thus, in this study, six techniques of features selection were evaluated. Very-high-resolution LiDAR point clouds and orthophotos were acquired simultaneously in a rainforest area of Cameron Highlands, Malaysia by airborne laser scanning (LiDAR). A fuzzy-based segmentation parameter (FbSP optimizer) was used to optimize the segmentation parameters. Training samples were evaluated using a stratified random sampling method and set to 70% training samples. Two machine-learning algorithms, namely, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF), were used to evaluate the performance of each features selection algorithm. The overall accuracies of the SVM and RF models revealed that three of the six algorithms exhibited higher ranks in landslide detection. Results indicated that the classification accuracies of the RF classifier were higher than the SVM classifier using either all features or only the optimal features. The proposed techniques performed well in detecting the landslides in a rainforest area of Malaysia, and these techniques can be easily extended to similar regions.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2021

The oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana) is listed as an endangered species internationally. Its resident population has been extirpated in South Korea since 1971. Its predicted historical habitat included forests (54%), rice paddy fields (28%), grasslands (17%), river-streams (less than 1%), and villages (less than 1%) based on pre-extirpation records in a previous study. However, habitat attributes of recently reintroduced oriental storks since 2015 remain unknown. To examine habitat use patterns and home ranges of recently reintroduced oriental storks, 2015-2017 tracking data of 17 individuals were used to analyze their spatial attributes with a Kernel Density Estimate method and breeding status. Their habitat use patterns from peripheral to core areas were highly associated with increasing rice paddy fields (26%) and decreasing forested areas (55%). Scale-dependent home ranges were 51% smaller for breeders than for non-breeders on average. Our study results highlight that the habitat use pattern of reintroduced oriental storks seems to be comparable to the historical pattern where the used area is likely to be more centralized for breeders than for non-breeders in South Korea. Furthermore, the direction of habitat management for oriental storks should focus on biodiversity improvement of rice paddy fields with chemical free cultivation and irrigation.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.393-396
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• 2004

In this paper, multifrequency, polarimetric SAR data acquired during the first SIR-C/XSAR mission over the Seoul and Gyunggi-do (Korea) test sites are analyzed. The main objective of the study is to assess the possibility of extracting relevant information about surface properties for geophysical applications using polarimetry. This study analyses the characteristics of polarization responses and polarimetric parameters to conditions present in urban, river, agricultural, and forested areas. Results indicate that the dominant scattering property from these fields varies depending on the land cover types. The polarization response graphs and the backscattering coefficients associated with the polarimetric parameters are also useful in characterizing these cover types.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2023

대표적인 돌발 해충인 갈색날개매미충은 기주 범위가 넓고, 농경지만이 아니라 인근 야산, 산림 지역에도 분포하여 개체군 관리가 어려운 해충 중 하나이다. 따라서, 갈색날개매미충의 방제 효율을 증대시키기 위해서 농경지 작물 외에도 인근 산림에 분포하고 있는 목본식물에 대한 갈색날개매미충 발육단계별 선호도 조사가 필요하다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 과수원 주변과 조경수, 산림의 주요 목본 식물들을 대상으로 갈색날개매미충 발육단계별 선호도를 현장에서 조사하고, 선행 연구결과들과 비교하여 선호도가 높은 식물들을 선정하였다. 현장 조사와 선행 연구결과를 통하여 갈색날개매미충의 잠재적 목본 기주식물을 정리한 결과, 총 53과 120종이 확인되었고, 갈색날개매미충의 전 발육단계에 걸쳐 선호도가 높았던 기주는 산수유, 때죽나무에 불과하였으며, 발육단계별로 선호하는 목본 식물이 달라졌다. 발육단계에 따라서 선호 기주가 변동되는 이유는 발육단계별로 선호하는 부위가 다르고, 생존에 필요한 물질에 따라서 기주가 선정되기 때문인 것으로 추정된다. 본 연구결과는 농경지 경제작물뿐만 아니라, 농경지 주변 및 산림내 갈색날개매미충의 종합적인 방제 대책 수립에 도움이 될 것으로 예상한다.